Haplogroup B (Y-DNA)

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Haplogroup B
Time of origin 60,000-65,000 years BP
Place of origin Africa
Ancestor BT
Descendants B1, B2
Defining mutations M60, M181
Highest frequencies Pygmies
Haplogroup B (Y-DNA) was the ancestral haplogroup of modern Pygmies.

In human genetics, Haplogroup B (M60) is a Y-chromosome haplogroup.

Contents

[edit] Distribution

Haplogroup B is localized to sub-Saharan Africa, especially to tropical forests of West-Central Africa. After Y-haplogroup A, it is the second oldest and one of the most diverse human Y-haplogroups. It was the ancestral haplogroup of modern Pygmies like the Baka and Mbuti, but also Hadzabe from Tanzania, who are often mistakenly considered as a remnant of Khoisan people in East Africa.

[edit] Subclades

[edit] Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup B subclades is based on the YCC 2008 tree[1] and subsequent published research.[citation needed]

  • B
    • B- (M60, M181, P85, P90)
      • B1- (M236, M288)
        • B1a- (M146)
      • B2- (M182)
        • B2a- (M150)
          • B2a1- (M218)
            • B2a1a- (M109, M152, P32, P50)
          • B2a2- (M108.1)
            • B2a2a- (P111, M43)
        • B2b- (M112, M192, 50f2(P))
          • B2b1- (P6)
            • B2b2- (M115, M169)
            • B2b3- (M30, M129)
              • B2b3a- (M108.2)
            • B2b4- (P7)
              • B2b4a- (P8, P70)
              • B2b4b- (MSY2.1, M211)
        • B2c- (P112)

[edit] References

  1. ^ Karafet et al. (2008), Abstract New Binary Polymorphisms Reshape and Increase Resolution of the Human Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup Tree, Genome Research, DOI: 10.1101/gr.7172008
 This article needs additional citations for verification.
Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2008)

[edit] See also

Human Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) haplogroups (by ethnic groups · famous haplotypes)
most recent common Y-ancestor
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A BT
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B CT
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CF DE
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C F D E
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G H IJK
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IJ K
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I J L M NOP S T
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NO P
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N O Q R

[edit] External links

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_B_(Y-DNA)"
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