Haplogroup B (mtDNA)

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Haplogroup B
Time of origin 50,000 YBP
Place of origin Asia
Ancestor R11'B
Descendants B4, B5, B7
Defining mutations 8281-8289d[1]

In mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup B is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.

Contents

[edit] Origin

Haplogroup B is believed to have arisen in Asia some 50,000 years before present. Its ancestral haplogroup was Haplogroup R.

[edit] Distribution

Haplogroup B is found more often in East Asia[2]. Its subgroup B2 is one of five haplogroups found in the indigenous peoples of the Americas, the others being A, C, D, and X.

Since the migration to the Americas by the ancestors of Native Americans is generally believed to have been from Siberia, it is especially surprising that Haplogroup B is the only haplogroup found in Native Americans which is not found in modern North Siberian populations. However, Haplogroup B has been found among Southern Siberians, such as Tuvans, Altays, and Buryats. This haplogroup is also found in Mongolians, Tibetans, Koreans, and among populations of Japan, China, Vietnam, Malaysia, Taiwan, Indonesia, Madagascar, the Philippines, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia.[3]

[edit] Subclades

[edit] Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup B subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[1] and subsequent published research.


  • B
    • B4
      • B4a
        • B4a1
          • B4a1a
            • B4a1a1
              • B4a1a1a
                • B4a1a1a1
              • B4a1a1b
            • B4a1a2
            • B4a1b
              • B4a1b1
                • B4a1b1a
          • B4a1c
            • B4a1c1
              • B4a1c2
              • B4a1c4
            • B4a1c3
              • B4a1c3a
        • B4a2
        • B4a2a
      • B4g
      • B4b'd'e
        • B4b
          • B2
            • B2a
              • B2a1
                • B2a1a
            • B2b
            • B2c
              • B2c1
            • B2d
            • B2e
          • B4b1
            • B4b1a
                • B4b1a1
                  • B4b1a1a
                • B4b1a2
                  • B4b1a2a
            • B4b1b'c
              • B4b1b
              • B4b1c
        • B4d
          • B4d1'2'3
            • B4d1
            • B4d2
            • B4d3
        • B4e
      • B4c
        • B4c1
          • B4c1a'b
            • B4c1a
              • B4c1a1
                • B4c1a1a
              • B4c1a2
            • B4c1b
              • B4c1b1
                • B4c1b1a
              • B4c1b2
          • B4c1c
            • B4c1c1
        • B4c2
          • B4c2a
      • B4f
        • B4f1
    • B5
      • B5a
        • B5a1
          • B5a1a
        • B5a2
          • B5a2a
      • B5b
        • B5b1
          • B5b1a'b
            • B5b1a
            • B5b1b
        • B5b2
          • B5b2a'b
            • B5b2a
            • B5b2b
              • B5b2b1
          • B5b2c
        • B5b3
    • B7

[edit] Popular Culture

In his popular book The Seven Daughters of Eve, Bryan Sykes named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Ina.

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b van Oven, Mannis; Manfred Kayser (13 Oct 2008). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation 30 (2): E386-E394. PMID 18853457 doi:10.1002/humu.20921. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121449735/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0. Retrieved on 2009-05-20. 
  2. ^ Haplogroup B.
  3. ^ Theodore G Schurr and Douglas C Wallace, "Mitochondrial DNA diversity in Southeast Asian populations," Human Biology, Jun 2002.


[edit] See also


Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups
  most recent common mt-ancestor    
L0 L1 L2 L3   L4 L5 L6 L7
  M N  
CZ D E G Q   A S   R   I W X Y
C Z B F HV   JT P  U
H V J T K Former Clusters IWX

[edit] External links


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