Haplogroup E (mtDNA)

Haplogroup E
Possible time of origin	16,400 to 39,000 YBP
Possible place of origin	Indonesia or Taiwan
Ancestor	M9
Descendants	E1, E2
Defining mutations	3027, 3705, 7598, 13626, 16390

In human mitochondrial genetics, haplogroup E is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup typical for the Malay Archipelago. It is a subgroup of haplogroup M9.

Origin

After a point of view, it was arisen in Northeast Sundaland or around Sulawesi and Sulu Seas. On the other hand, it might be related with the Austronesian languages expansion from Taiwan to Insulinde, indicating a common origin of the populations of insular Southeast Asia and suggesting a prevalence in the Taiwanese aboriginal gene pool (mainly E with B4, B5a, F1a, F3b and M7) of its initial late Pleistocene settlers.

Distribution

Haplogroup E has a Southeast Asian distribution. Until now it has been detected in the Malay peninsula populations and in the Sabah of Borneo; and it is also present in coastal Papua New Guinea as well as in Taiwan, in the Philippines, and in some Pacific islands such as Guam.

Subclades

Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup E subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation and subsequent published research.

• E
  • E1
    • E1a
      • E1a1
        • E1a1a
          • E1a1a1
      • E1a2
    • E1b
      • E1b1
  • E2
    • E2a
    • E2b
      • E2b1
      • E2b2

See also

• Genealogical DNA test
• Genetic Genealogy
• Human mitochondrial genetics
• Population Genetics
• Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups

Evolutionary tree of Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups

Mitochondrial Eve (L)

L0

L1-6

L1

L2

L3

L4

L5

L6

M

N

CZ

D

E

G

Q

A

S

R

I

W

X

Y

C

Z

B

F

R0

pre-JT

P

U

HV

JT

K

H

V

J

T

External links

• General
  • Ian Logan's Mitochondrial DNA Site
  • Mannis van Oven's Phylotree
• Haplogroup E
  • Ballinger, S.W.; Schurr, T.G.; Torroni, A.; Gan, Y.Y.; Hodge, J.A.; Hassan, K.; Chen, K.H.; Wallace, D.C. (1992). "Southeast Asian Mitochondrial DNA Analysis Reveals Genetic Continuity of Ancient Mongoloid Migrations". Genetics 130 (1): 139–152. PMC 1204787. PMID 1346259. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1204787. 
  • Herrnstadt, C.; Elson, J.L.; Fahy, E.; Preston, G.; Turnbull, D.M.; Anderson, C.; Ghosh, S.S.; Olefsky, J.M. et al (2002). "Reduced-Median-Network Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial DNA Coding-Region Sequences for the Major African, Asian, and European Haplogroups". American Journal of Human Genetics 70 (5): 1152–1171. doi:10.1086/339933. PMC 447592. PMID 11938495. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=447592. 
  • Ingman, M.; Kaessmann, H.; Pääbo, S.; Gyllensten, U. (2000). "Mitochondrial genome variation and the origin of modern humans". Nature 408 (6813): 708–713. doi:10.1038/35047064. PMID 11130070. 
  • Stoneking, M.; Jorde, L.B.; Bhatia, K.; Wilson, A.C. (1990). "Geographic Variation in Human Mitochondrial DNA from Papua New Guinea". Genetics 124 (3): 717–733. PMC 1203963. PMID 1968873. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1203963. 
  • Trejaut, Jean A; Kivisild, Toomas; Jun Hun, Loo; Chien Liang, Lee; Chun Lin, He; Chia Jung, Hsu; Zheng Yuan, Li; Lin, Marie (2005). "Traces of Archaic Mitochondrial Lineages Persist in Austronesian-Speaking Formosan Populations". Plos Biology 3 (8): 8. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0030247. PMC 1166350. PMID 15984912. http://biology.plosjournals.org/perlserv?request=get-document&doi=10.1371/journal.pbio.0030247.