Haplogroup Y (mtDNA)

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Haplogroup Y

Migration map4.png
Possible time of origin 11,800 to 33,300 YBP
Possible place of origin
Ancestor N9
Descendants Y1, Y2
Defining mutations 8392 10398 14178 14693 16126 16223 16231[1]

In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup Y is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.

Contents

[edit] Origin

Haplogroup Y is a descendant of haplogroup N9.

[edit] Distribution

Haplogroup Y has been found in approximately 66% of Nivkhs and approximately 20% of Ainus.[2][3][4][5] However, this haplogroup also has been found in approximately 2% of Koreans,[3] and in South Siberian and Central Asian populations with an average frequency of 1%.[6][7] It is also fairly common among indigenous peoples of Kamchatka and the Malay Archipelago.

Its subclade Y2 has been observed in 40% of a large pool of samples from Nias in western Indonesia.[8]

[edit] Subclades

[edit] Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup Y subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[1] and subsequent published research.


  • Y
    • Y1
      • Y1a
      • Y1b
    • Y2


[edit] References

  1. ^ a b van Oven, Mannis; Manfred Kayser (13 Oct 2008). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation 30 (2): E386–E394. doi:10.1002/humu.20921. PMID 18853457. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121449735/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0. Retrieved 2009-05-20. 
  2. ^ M. A. Bermisheva, I. A. Kutuev, V. A. Spitsyn et al., "Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA Variation in the Population of Oroks," Russian Journal of Genetics, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2005, pp. 66–71. Translated from Genetika, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2005, pp. 78–84.
  3. ^ a b Tanaka Masashi, Cabrera Vicente M., González Ana M. et al., Larruga JM, Takeyasu T, Fuku N, Guo LJ, Hirose R et al (2004). "Mitochondrial Genome Variation in Eastern Asia and the Peopling of Japan". Genome Research 14 (10A): 1832–1850. doi:10.1101/gr.2286304. PMC 524407. PMID 15466285. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=524407. 
  4. ^ Tajima Atsushi, Hayami Masanori, Tokunaga Katsushi et al., Juji T, Matsuo M, Marzuki S, Omoto K, Horai S (2004). "Genetic origins of the Ainu inferred from combined DNA analyses of maternal and paternal lineages". Journal of Human Genetics 49 (4): 187–193. doi:10.1007/s10038-004-0131-x. PMID 14997363. 
  5. ^ Noboru Adachi, Ken-ichi Shinoda, Kazuo Umetsu, and Hirofumi Matsumura, "Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of Jomon Skeletons From the Funadomari Site, Hokkaido, and Its Implication for the Origins of Native American," American Journal of Physical Anthropology 138:255–265 (2009)
  6. ^ Diversity of Mitochondrial DNA Lineages in South Siberia by Derenko1 et al., Annals of Human Genetics Volume 67 Issue 5 Page 391 - September 2003
  7. ^ Yong-Gang Yao, Qing-Peng Kong, Cheng-Ye Wang et al., "Different Matrilineal Contributions to Genetic Structure of Ethnic Groups in the Silk Road Region in China," Mol. Biol. Evol. 21(12):2265–2280. 2004
  8. ^ Mannis van Oven, Johannes M Hämmerle, Marja van Schoor et al., "Unexpected island effects at an extreme: reduced Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA diversity in Nias," Molecular Biology and Evolution (2010) doi: 10.1093/molbev/msq300

[edit] See also

Evolutionary tree of Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups
  Mitochondrial Eve (L)    
L0 L1-6
L1 L2 L3   L4 L5 L6
  M N  
CZ D E G Q   A S   R   I W X Y
C Z B F R0   pre-JT P  U
HV JT K
H V J T

[edit] External links

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