Harbin Institute of Technology

Harbin Institute of Technology
哈尔滨工业大学
Motto	规格严格，功夫到家
Established	1920
Type	Public
President	Wang Shuguo (王树国)
Undergraduates	25,002
Postgraduates	12,710
Location	Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
Campus	Urban, 4.293 km²
Affiliations	C9
Website	www.hit.edu.cn

The Harbin Institute of Technology (simplified Chinese: 哈尔滨工业大学; traditional Chinese: 哈爾濱工業大學; pinyin: Hāěrbīn Gōngyè Dàxué), or HIT, is colloquially known as Hagongda (哈工大, Hāgōngdà). It is a research university in the city of Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China. Harbin Institute of Technology consists of three campuses: the main campus in Harbin, HIT in Weihai and HIT Shenzhen Graduate School. Harbin Institute of Technology is widely recognized as one of the top universities in China and consistently ranked among the best engineering schools. The school is also member of the C9 League.

History

The main building of Harbin Institute of Technology. It is said to resemble that of Moscow University.

Main article: History of Harbin Institute of Technology

Harbin Institute of Technology was established in 1920, as Harbin Sino-Russian School for Industry to educate, in the Russian education style, railway engineers. Students were educated in the two majors at the time: Railway Construction and Electric Mechanic Engineering. On April 2, 1922, the School was renamed Sino-Russian Industrial University. The original two majors became two departments: the Railway Construction Department and the Electric Engineering Department. Between 1925 and 1928 the University's Rector was Leonid Aleksandrovich Ustrugov, Russian Deputy Minister of Railways under Nicholas II before the Russian Revolution and was involved in the development of the East Chinese Railway.

On February 4, 1928 , the institution came under the leadership of the Northeastern Provincial Special Administrative Region of the Republic of China, and was renamed the Industrial University of the Northeastern Provincial Special Administrative Region. On October 20, 1928, the Law College and College of Commerce were incorporated, and the institution was officially named HIT, co-managed by China and the USSR , with General Zhang Xueliang as the President of the School Board. Postgraduate students were enrolled from the spring of 1931.

With the invasion by the Japanese, by 1935, the institution had been completely taken over by the Japanese. The classes were taught in Japanese, and only Chinese and Japanese students could be enrolled. On January 1, 1936, the name of the institution was changed into National Harbin Polytechnic. After January 1937, the educational system was entirely transitioned to that of the Japanese. On January 1, 1938, the name Harbin Institute of Technology was reinstated, a name that has been in use since.

After the Allies defeated Japan in World War II, Japan departed China on September 3, 1945, and HIT came under the joint management of the Chinese and Soviet governments through the China Changchun Railway Administration.

In June 1950, the administration of HIT was taken over by the Chinese government and started a period of full-scale reform and growth. In 1951, HIT was approved by the central government to become one of the two institutions of higher learning to learn advanced techniques from the USSR . HIT then became the important base for learning from the USSR and training talents for universities throughout the country, HIT enjoyed the fame of being the 'Cradle for Engineers'.

In 1958, HIT made significant rearrangement in its majors, creating a batch of advanced disciplines. By 1962, HIT had accomplished the change from civic purposes to that of military, becoming an all-embracing, multidisciplinary university, whose disciplines complemented one another, and served the construction of national economy and national defense science and technology.

During this era, the enrollment increased dramatically, the largest being more than 8000. The number of teachers also increased rapidly. By 1957, teachers numbered more than 800, averaged 27.5 years of age, responsible for all the teaching and research tasks, and being reputed the '800 warriors' of HIT. The research at HIT experienced great development and improvement. All the disciplines established ties of scientific cooperation with factories and research institutes, laying solid foundations for the integration of teaching, research, and production and for scientific research to serve the national economy.

The Cultural Revolution, which started in 1966, severely affected the normal teaching and research activities of HIT.

In Spring 1970, according to the order of the authorities, a small number of HIT personnel and most equipment moved south to Chongqing , and, together with Department 2 of the PLA Military Engineering Institute , formed Chongqing Institute of Technology. The rest of HIT, combined with Heilongjiang Institute of Technology and Harbin Institute of Electrotechnics, became the new HIT. In August 1973, the State Council and the Military Commission of the CPC Central Committee decided that Chongqing Institute of Technology should again move back north to Harbin.

In 1977, the undergraduate programs reopened, 1978 the graduate programs followed, and in 1982 doctoral programs were for the first time offered. In 1984, HIT again found its way into the list of 15 universities to be favorably built. In the same year, HIT became one of the first 22 universities to establish a graduate school. In 1992, HIT High-and-New Tech Park was founded. In 1996, HIT was in the first batch of universities to enter the list of Project 211. In November 1999, HIT was appointed by the Central Government one of the 9 best universities to be preferentially built according to the standards of internationally renowned universities.

In 1985 HIT opened a new campus in Weihai, Shandong Province. In 2000 Harbin University of Architecture was merged into HIT.

Administration and Organization

Harbin Institute of Technology is organized into 20 full-time schools, which hold 73 undergraduate degree programs, 143 master programs, 81 doctorate programs. Though most of HIT’s schools are in science and engineering areas, it also has several schools in humanity, social science, and management. HIT does not have any agriculture or medical schools. A school may have several departments and researcher institutes (or research centers). However, Dept. of Media Technology and Art does not belong to any of the schools.

Schools of HIT (Science, Engineering, and Architecture)

School of Astronautics	School of Mechatronics Engineering	School of Material Science and Engineering	School of Energy Science and Engineering	School of Electrical Engineering and Automation	School of Civil Engineering	School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
School of Architecture	School of Transportation Science and Engineering	School of Computer Science and Technology	School of Software	School of Electronics and Information Technology	School of Science	Dept. of Media Technology and Art

Schools of HIT (Humanity, social science, and management)

School of Management

School of Humanities and Social Sciences

School of International Relations of Economics and Trade

School of Law

School of Foreign Languages

Academics

As a famous university in China, HIT is known for its selectivity in several decades. Usually, only the students having very high scores in the National Higher Education Entrance Examination can be admitted into the undergraduate programs. Admission into the graduate school is also very competitive.

HIT operates on a year round schedule that includes a fall and spring semester. Winter and summer holidays are placed between semesters. In all holidays, the dormitories and part of the dining halls remain open to students.

HIT has a very strict standard in education. The motto, “Being strict in qualifications for graduates; making every endeavor in educating students”, which is quite different from the motto of other universities, reflects the tradition of HIT. Both theories and applications are emphasized. Instructors are required to have very good preparation for lectures. Many engineering major courses have laboratory sections, and the students must do well in both exams and experiments to get credit.

Engineering Programs' National Ranking based on China Academic Degrees & Graduate Education Information's evaluation reports(2007~2009)

Mechanics #3/// Mechanical Engineering #4/// Instrument Science and Techonology #3/// Materials Science and Engineering #4/// Power Engineering #7/// Electrical Engineering #4/// Electronics Science and Technology #12/// Information and Communication Engineering #13/// Control Science and Engineering #7/// Computer Science and Technology #5/// Architecture #7/// Civil Engineering #3/// Chemical Engineering and Technology #10/// Transportation Engineering #8/// Aeronautics and Astronautics Science and Technology #5 (Astronautics Science and Technology #1)/// Environmental Science and Engineering #3///

Research

Research at Harbin Institute of Technology spans a broad range of topics with a strong focus on engineering sciences. A 2009 analysis of research citations by Thomson Reuters Essential Science Indicators found HIT among the top 1% of institutions in the fields of Material Science, Chemistry, Engineering and Physics, and No.9 in the number of thesis published in the area of Material Science world wide.

HIT has 40 national key disciplines granted by the Ministry of Education P.R.C. At present, it has 10 state key laboratories and 30 provincial / ministerial-level key laboratories.

Harbin Institute of Technology has a high-level research faculty of over 2,900 full-time teachers and researchers, including 1,950 professors and associate professors, 22 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, nearly 640 doctoral supervisors. It has 12 principal scientists of Project 973 and 13 “Young Experts with Prominent Contributions to the Country.”

With a strong emphasis in scientific research, HIT has been bold and innovative in its scientific research and has consistently undertaken large-scale and highly sophisticated national projects. Because of this, the funding for research increases yearly. In 2009, research funding from the government, industry, and business sectors reached 1.6 billion RMB yuan (US $233million ).

HIT is known to have close links to the People's Liberation Army and the space program of China as one of the main universities in China for space and defense-related research. HIT made great contribution to the Chinese Shenzhou spacecraft project. In 2010, the Astronautics Innovation Research Center was established at HIT in conjunction with China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. The establishment is the biggest investment of the same class in China.

As reported, most of the key technology of National internet information security management system and Internet censorship in the People's Republic of China were developed by the Harbin Institute of Technology.^{[citation needed]}

Campus

The main campus of HIT locates on No.92 of West Dazhi Street in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province.

The institute's main building, or Zhu-Lou in Chinese, is a smaller version of the main building of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, and the majority of the buildings were built during the time of Sino-Soviet friendship from 1949 to 1959 when the Soviets were actively involved in the development of Northeast China.

The Campuses of the Original Harbin University of Architecture

The School of Architecture locates on No.66 of West Dazhi Street, not far from the Main Building. It originally belonged to HIT, however, when HIT was divided into 3 institutes in 1959, it was used by the Harbin Architectural and Civil Engineering Institute. After the integration of Harbin University of Architecture (formerly Harbin Architectural and Civil engineering Institute)into HIT, the building is called "Civil Building", though it is the building of the school of architecture.

The No.2 campus in Harbin is originally a campus of the Harbin University of Architecture. All the undergraduate students will spend their first year in that campus since 2003. The school buses between the No.2 campus and main campus are free of charge.

Satellite Campus

HIT has a satellite campus in Weihai, Shandong Province. It has a graduate school in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province besides the graduate school in Harbin.

People

• Members of Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)

Liu Yongtan, Wang Guangyuan, Xie Lili, Huang Wenhu, Li Guibai, Liang Weiyan, Fu Hengzhi, Wang Zhongqi, Zhang Jie, Shen Shizhao, Chen Qingquan, Lei Tingquan, Cai Hegao, Du Shanyi, Zhang Naitong, Wang Zicai, Qin Yukun, Ou Jinping, Zhao Liancheng, Chen Yushu, Fang Binxing

• Members of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)

Liu Yongtan, Ma Zuguang

• Alumni
  • Scholar
    • Vice Dean of Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Li Jinghai
    • Member of Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) and Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE), Liu Yongtan
    • Sun Yu XXX, Premier of Republic of China (aka Taiwan).
  • Enterpreneurs
    • CEO of Neptunus Group, 10th of Top Forbes China Rish List 2001, Zhang Simin
    • CEOs of Broad Air Conditioning Group, 10th of Top Forbes China Rish List 2001 , Zhang Jian, Zhang Yue
    • CEO of Changning Group, Shi Shanli
    • CEO of Geely Group, Li Shufu
  • Politicians
    • 10th President of Executive Yuan, Sun Yun-suan
    • Ex-Vice Chairman of North Korea, Li Jong-ok
    • Ex-County Chief of Lankao in China, Jiao Yulu
    • Member of the Standing Committee of Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Li Changchun
    • Member of Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Wang Zhaoguo
    • Member of Military Commission of the CPC Central Committee, Li Jinai

Events

• In recent years, the research staffs and student made great contribution to the success of Shenzhou series Spacecraft^{[citation needed]}
• April 2004, the 'Experiment Satellite No.1' was launched successfully, which is the first applicable small satellite led by a Chinese college.^{[citation needed]}
• In 1999, one of the nine universities in China to be developed as a world-class university.^{[citation needed]}
• In 1996, one of the first universities in Project 211^{[citation needed]}
• In 1954, one of the top six universities in China.^{[citation needed]}

External links

• Official website (in English)
• Official website (in Chinese)
• HIT@WH Official website (in Chinese)
• International Admission to Harbin Institute of Technology in Weihai (in English)
• Shenzhen Graduate School of HIT-Official website (in Chinese)
• 3D map