Harpalinae

Harpalinae
Undetermined Harpalini species
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Coleoptera
Suborder:	Adephaga
Family:	Carabidae
Subfamily:	Harpalinae Bonelli, 1810
Supertribes
Anthiitae Chlaeniitae Ctenodactylitae Dryptitae Harpalitae Lebiitae Pentagonicitae Platynitae Pterostichitae (disputed) and see text

Harpalinae is a huge subfamily of ground beetles. Among the more than 20,000 described species in this clade are the sun beetles (Amara) and the violin beetles (Mormolyce). The Harpalinae contain the most apomorphic ground beetles, displaying a wide range of forms and behaviors. Some are, rare among ground beetles, omnivores or even herbivores.

Systematics

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Many formerly independent families are now subordinate taxa of the Harpalinae. Among these are the Chlaeniinae, Cyclosominae, Dryptinae, Lebiinae, Licininae, Mormolycinae, Odacanthinae, Oodinae, Panagaeinae, Perigoninae, Platyninae, Pseudomorphinae, Pterostichinae and Zabrinae.

At least 4 large and a number of monotypic supertribes can be distinguished. The "Pterostichitae" on the other hand seem to be, as presently delimited, a paraphyletic assemblage, but probably also contains a number of tribes closer to each other than to other Harpalinae. Whether these form a clade around the type genus Pterostichus or whether the Pterostichitae need to be abandoned remains to be determined. In addition, there are a number of tribes of basal or uncertain position:

• Amorphomerini
• Geobaeini
• Ginemini
• Hexagononi
• Idiomorphini
• Omphreini
• Orthogoniini
• Pseudomorphini
• Sphodrini

Genera

Oxyselaphus obscurus

• Abax
• Acinopus Dejean, 1821
• Agatus Motschulsky, 1844
• Agonum
• Amara
• Amblystomus Erichson, 1837
• Acupalpus
• Anchomenus
• Anisodactylus
• Anthia
• Anthracus Motschulsky, 1850
• Apristus Chaudoir, 1846 (including Metabletus)
• Badister
• Blackburnia Sharp, 1878
• Bradycellus Erichson, 1837
• Calathus
• Callistus
• Calodromius
• Carterus Dejean, 1830
• Chlaenius
• Clarencia Sloane, 1917
• Corsyra Dejean, 1825
• Cymindis
• Daptus Fischer von Waldheim, 1823
• Demetrias
• Diachromus

• Dicheirotrichus Jacqelin du Val, 1857 (including Trichocellus)
• Ditomus Bonelli, 1810
• Dolichus Bonelli, 1810
• Dromius
• Drypta Latreille, 1796
• Euchroa Brullé, 1834
• Gynandromorphus
• Harpalus (including Harpalobrachys)
• Hemiaulax Bates, 1892
• Laemostenus
• Lebia
• Licinus
• Lionychus Wissman, 1846
• Masoreus
• Microderes Faldermann, 1835
• Microlestes
• Molops
• Nornalupia Kataev, 2002
• Odacantha
• Odontonyx Stephens 1827
• Olisthopus
• Oodes
• Ophonus
• Orthomus Chaudoir, 1838
• Orthotrichus Peyron, 1856 (including Kalchtacha, Metagonum)

• Oxyselaphus Chaudoir, 1843
• Panagaeus
• Paradromius
• Paranchus
• Parophonus Ganglbauer, [1891]
• Pedius Motschulsky, 1850
• Penthus Chaudoir, 1843
• Perigona Laporte de Castelnau, 1835
• Philorhizus Hope, 1838
• Platyderus Stephens, 1828
• Platynus Bonelli, 1810
• Plochionus Wiedemann, 1823
• Poecilus
• Polystichus Bonelli, 1809
• Pterostichus
• Rhytisternus Chaudoir, 1865
• Sericoda
• Sphodrus
• Stenolophus
• Stomis Clairville, 1806
• Syntomus Hope, 1838
• Synuchus
• Taphoxenus Motschulsky, 1850
• Tetragonoderus Dejean, 1829
• Trichotichnus A.Morawitz, 1863
• Zabrus
• Zuphium Latreille, 1806

References

• Carabidae of the World Database (CWD) (2008): Trees of family Carabidae. Retrieved 2008-JUL-24.