Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets

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This article is about the book. For the film, see Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (film). For the video game, see Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (video game).
Harry Potter books
Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets
Author J. K. Rowling
Illustrators Cliff Wright (UK)
Mary GrandPré (US)
Genre Fantasy
Publishers Bloomsbury (UK)
Scholastic (US)
Raincoast (Canada)
Released 2 July 1998 (UK)
2 June 1999 (US)
Book no. Two
Sales ~77 million (Worldwide)
Story timeline 1943
1992-1993
Chapters 18
Pages 251 (UK)
341 (US)
Preceded by Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
Followed by Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban

Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, is the second novel in the Harry Potter series written by J. K. Rowling. It continues the story of Harry Potter during his second year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. In the novel, the mysterious attacks on students and the disembodied voices that Harry hears, lead him down into the Chamber of Secrets, to battle the heir of Slytherin. The book was published on 2 July 1998; it subsequently won the notable Nestlé Smarties Book Prize in the age 9–11 category and was named the British Book Awards’ Children’s Book of the Year.[1] A movie based on the book was released on November 15, 2002.

Contents

[edit] Synopsis

[edit] Plot

During the summer holiday after Harry Potter's first year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, the Dursleys have locked away Harry's school equipment. On Harry's twelfth birthday, a house elf called Dobby appears and warns Harry that he will be in mortal danger if he returns to Hogwarts. When Harry insists he will return to the school, Dobby uses magic to sabotage a dinner party hosted by Harry's uncle, Vernon Dursley. The Ministry of Magic sends Harry a letter warning that he risks expulsion if he uses magic outside Hogwarts again. No longer afraid of Harry's magical abilities, Uncle Vernon says Harry cannot return to Hogwarts and fits bars on Harry's window.

Ron Weasley and his older twin brothers Fred and George rescue Harry in a flying car, and take him to spend a pleasant month at their home, The Burrow. Ron's younger sister, Ginny, who is about to start at Hogwarts, develops a crush on Harry. While the children are buying school books in Diagon Alley, Lucius Malfoy, the father of Draco Malfoy and even more arrogant, provokes a fight with Ron's father, Arthur Weasley.

At the start of the school term Harry and the Weasleys go to London King's Cross railway station to catch the Hogwarts Express. Harry and Ron are the last to try to enter Platform 9¾, and the wall between platforms 9 and 10 will not let them through. The boys steal the flying car and fly to Hogwarts. On arriving, they crash into the Whomping Willow, which immediately attacks, damaging the car and breaking Ron's wand. The battered car retreats into the Forbidden Forest. Professor Snape catches the boys sneaking into the Great Hall and tries to have them expelled, but Professor Dumbledore, the headmaster, opposes this.

Harry finds that the new Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher is the celebrity Gilderoy Lockhart, who has required pupils to buy copies of all his books. Lockhart sets them a test consisting entirely of trivia questions about himself, but proves incapable of controlling a group of pixies.

Harry begins to hear a voice that whispers about its desire to kill but is inaudible to others. A message magically written on a wall proclaims, "The Chamber of Secrets has been opened. Enemies of the Heir, beware" - with school caretaker Filch's cat petrified beside it. Persuaded by Hermione Granger, the History of Magic teacher recounts a legend that Salazar Slytherin, one of the school's founders, built a secret chamber in the school, and sealed it so that only his true heir could open it. This would unleash a monster that would kill all pupils whom Slytherin considered unworthy. Harry, Ron and Hermione conclude that the most likely heir of Slytherin is Draco Malfoy, who constantly insults "Mudbloods", pupils from non-magical families. They hatch a plan to disguise themselves as Slytherin House pupils by means of Polyjuice Potion and spy on Draco.

During a Quidditch match Harry's arm is broken by a Bludger that inexplicably targets only him. While in the school's hospital he wakes up to find Dobby tending him. The house elf confesses that he blocked the entrance to Platform 9¾ and bewitched the Bludger, in both cases to exclude Harry from the school. Dobby flees when Dumbledore and Professor McGonagall bring in a younger pupil who has been petrified. Harry hears Dumbledore conclude that the Chamber of Secrets has indeed been opened.

While Harry, Ron and Hermione are making the Polyjuice Potion, a long and complex process, Lockhart sets out to teach the pupils magical duelling. In a duel with Harry, Draco, coached by Snape, conjures a snake. Harry orders it stop threatening a pupil, and it obeys. Ron concludes that Harry is a Parselmouth, in other words he has the very rare talent of conversing with snakes, for which Salazar Slytherin was famous. Rumours that Harry is the Heir of Slytherin spread through the school. After being accused by a group of pupils, Harry finds, lying petrified on the floor of a passage, the student whom the snake threatened and one of the school's ghosts.

Harry and Ron use the Polyjuice Potion to disguise themselves temporarily as Crabbe and Goyle, Draco's muscular but dim sidekicks. Draco, fooled by the disguise, tells them he is not the Heir but wishes he could help him.

A few weeks later Harry and Ron hear a ghost, Moaning Myrtle, in one of the girls' toilets. Myrtle shows them an empty 50 year-old diary which dropped through her out of thin air. One evening Harry starts writing in the diary, which magically produces written replies from "Tom Riddle", who claims to have sealed the Chamber of Secrets when it last opened, 50 years ago. The diary transports Harry's mind back to the Hogwarts of 50 years ago, where Riddle finds 13 year-old Hagrid looking after a huge spider-like creature and accuses him of opening the Chamber.

There are no further petrifications in the next four months, and the rumours about Harry fade away. Then Harry finds that the diary has been stolen, and Ron points out that only a Gryffindor student could have done it, as no-one else would have known the password to open the magical door of their quarters. The following day Hermione and another girl are petrified. Professor McGonagall fears the school will have to be closed to avoid further casualties. Harry and Ron visit Hagrid's house, using the Invisibility Cloak that Harry inherited from his father in order to evade the curfew that has been imposed to keep pupils away from danger. Almost immediately Dumbledore and the Minister for Magic arrive, and the boys hastily take cover again under the Cloak. The Minister announces that, as a precaution, Hagrid is to be imprisoned in Azkaban until the emergency is over. Lucius Malfoy then arrives to announce that the school's governors have suspended Dumbledore from the position of headmaster. On his way out, Hagrid drops a hint to Harry and Ron, who are still concealed, that they should "follow the spiders".

After several days Harry spots some spiders apparently moving towards the Forbidden Forest, and the two boys slip out that night. In the heart of the Forest they are captured by giant spiders, led by Aragog, whom Hagrid had been tending when Riddle accused him of opening the Chamber of Secrets. Aragog explains that he was not the monster of the Chamber, but was imported as an egg, and fled the school after a girl was killed in a toilet. He will not eat the boys but cannot restrain his brood from attacking. Harry and Ron are rescued by the flying car, which has been hiding in the Forest ever since its encounter with the Whomping Willow.

The boys realise that Moaning Myrtle may be the ghost of the girl killed 50 years ago. On the way to the toilet she haunts, they are intercepted by Professor McGonagall, and Harry tells her they are going to visit Hermione, who is still petrified. In the hospital Harry extracts from Hermione's hand a note that leads them to think the monster is a Basilisk and may be emerging via Myrtle's toilet. On their way there they hear that Ginny Weasley has been taken into the Chamber by the monster. The rest of the staff insist that Lockhart is best qualified to handle the situation, and he goes to his rooms "to prepare". Harry and Ron go there to tell him what they have discovered, and find him packing hastily. Lockhart admits that he stole the credit for "his" exploits from other wizards and witches, after wiping their memories. He tries to wipe the boys' memories, but Harry disarms him with a spell. The two march Lockhart to the toilet haunted by Myrtle, who says that, as she died, she saw the monster by a sink. When Harry gives the order "Open!" in Parseltongue (snake speech), the sink moves aside to reveal a passage. In a tunnel under the school, Lockhart steals Ron's wand and tries to memory-wipe the boys. However Ron's wand has been unreliable ever since it was broken, and the spell backfires on Lockhart.

Ron stays to look after Lockhart while Harry moves forward, entering a long chamber, where Ginny lies at the far end, beside the diary. As he examines her, Tom Riddle appears, looking exactly as he did in Harry's vision of 50 years ago, and explains that he is a memory stored in the diary. Ginny started writing about her adolescent hopes and fears, and Riddle won her confidence by appearing sympathetic, draining energy from her in the process, and gained enough strength to make Ginny open the Chamber. Ginny threw away the diary when she realised she was responsible for the attacks, and it later came into Harry's possession. From conversations with Harry via the diary the virtual Riddle learned his own identity – he is the young Voldemort. Dumbledore's pet phoenix, Fawkes, appears and drops a bundle at Harry's feet, as Riddle releases the basilisk slides out. Fawkes blinds the monster, so that its glare is no longer dangerous, and Harry finds that the bundle contains a magnificent sword, with which he kills the basilisk – but only after being bitten by the creature's venomous fangs, one of which breaks off. As Riddle gloats over the dying Harry, Fawkes weeps over the wound and cures him. Harry stabs the diary with the broken fang, and Riddle screams and vanishes.[2] Ginny revives and they return to Ron, who is still watching over the memory-wiped Lockhart.

Fawkes airlifts all four out of the tunnels and then leads them to the office of Professor McGonagall, who has been acting as head of the school. Dumbledore and Mr. and Mrs. Weasley are also there, and Harry tells them the whole story. Dumbledore revokes his threat to expel the boys if they broke more rules, and gives them Special Awards for Services to the School and Gryffindor enough points to win the inter-House competition. When Harry mentions his earlier fears that he was the Heir of Slytherin, Dumbledore says that Harry chose Gryffindor House, and only a true member of that House could have used Godric Gryffindor's sword to kill the basilisk.

Lucius Malfoy bursts in, accompanied by Dobby. Dumbledore says the governors have just reinstated him as head of the school, after hearing of Ginny's abduction. Understanding mimed hints from Dobby, Harry accuses Malfoy of slipping the diary into one of Ginny's books during the fracas in Diagon Alley. As Malfoy leaves with Dobby, Harry slips a sock into the diary and returns the diary to Malfoy. Malfoy throws away the sock in disgust and Dobby catches it - a "giving of clothes" that frees Dobby from servitude to the Malfoys. Enraged at the loss of a servant, Malfoy draws his wand, but Dobby magically knocks down Malfoy, who retreats. All of the basilisk's victims are revived.

[edit] Major characters

Harry Potter, aged twelve when the book opens, is a trainee wizard who lives with his magic-hating aunt and uncle during Hogwarts' summer holidays. The evil wizard Voldemort killed his parents when he was one year old, tried to kill Harry, and then disappeared. As well as being brave, Harry is considerate. His adventures often lead him to break school rules, but his quick thinking sometimes enables him to talk his way out of trouble.

Ron Weasley, the sixth of Arthur and Molly Weasley's seven children, is the same age as Harry, and a fellow member of Gryffindor House at Hogwarts. Rowling describes Ron as the ultimate best friend, "always there when you need him".[3]

Hermione Granger, the daughter of an all-Muggle family, is Harry's other closest friend, but often disapproves of his rule-breaking. However she is determined to avert the threat to Muggle-born students at any cost, and undertakes a mission that would get Harry and Ron expelled if they were caught. Her exceptional intelligence and magical skills help them to solve mysteries, and sometimes enable her to gain help that teachers would give to no-one else, but do not prevent her having a mild crush on Gilderoy Lockhart.

Fred and George Weasley. Ron's elder brothers, the identical twins Fred and George, are also in Gryffindor, and are the school's tricksters. Ginny the youngest of the Weasleys, is eleven years old, in her first year at Hogwarts, and also in Gryffindor. She develops a crush on Harry, but is sensible enough to dump the mysterious diary when she suspects it is controlling her.

Tom Riddle is the personality of the sixteen year old pupil who later became Voldemort, copied into an enchanted diary 50 years ago. The copied personality is handsome and charming, but quite as callous as the original.

Lucius Malfoy is a wealthy and influential former supporter of Voldemort who claims to have seen the error of his ways, but keeps many Dark Arts objects in his mansion. Malfoy wishes to exclude from schools of magic all who are not pure-blood wizards. His son Draco is equally prejudiced, and is Harry's worst enemy among the pupils.

Dobby. Under the laws of house elves, Dobby is bound to serve the Malfoy family. However he resolves to protect Harry when he learns of Lucius Malfoy's plan to open the Chamber of Secrets. After Harry's ruse frees him from servitude, Dobby displays magical powers that deter Lucius from attacking Harry.

Professor Albus Dumbledore, the silver-haired headmaster of Hogwarts, is generally regarded as the most powerful living wizard with the possible exception of Voldemort.[4] When the Chamber of Secrets was last opened Dumbledore, then Transfiguration teacher, was the only one who suspected Riddle. Rowling described Dumbledore as the "epitome of goodness".[5]

Professor McGonagall, a bespectacled woman with hair tied in a tight bun,[6] teaches Transfiguration, is in charge of Gryffindor House,[7] and becomes temporary head of the school when Dumbledore is suspended from the position. According to Rowling, "under that gruff exterior" is "a bit of an old softy".[8]

Rubeus Hagrid. A half-giant nearly 12 feet (3.7 m) tall, was expelled from Hogwarts and his wand was broken, but Professor Dumbledore let him stay on as the school's gamekeeper. Hagrid is fiercely loyal to Dumbledore[9] and quickly became a close friend of Harry, Ron and Hermione.[10]

Gilderoy Lockhart has just been appointed as the school's Defense Against the Dark Arts teacher, a post that few apply for, because recently no-one has lasted long in that job. His numerous books claim credit for magical feats performed by others, whose memories Lockhart wiped. In fact he is a coward who is skilled only in memory-changing spells.

Moaning Myrtle is the ghost of a weepy girl killed in one of Hogwart's toilets by the basilisk when it was let loose 50 years ago.

Cornelius Fudge, the Minister for Magic, is more concerned about public relations than about the fairness or effectiveness of his actions.

[edit] Publication

Rowling found it difficult to finish Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets because she was afraid it would not live up to the expectations raised by Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. After delivering the manuscript to Bloomsbury on schedule, she took it back for six weeks of revision.[11]

In early drafts of the book, the ghost Nearly Headless Nick sang a self-composed song explaining his condition and the circumstances of his death. This was cut as the book's editor did not care for the poem, which has been subsequently published as an extra on J. K. Rowling's official website.[12] The family background of Dean Thomas was removed because Rowling and her publishers considered it an "unnecessary digression", and she considered Neville Longbottom's own journey of discovery "more important to the central plot".[13]

Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets was published in the UK on 2 July 1998 and in the US on 2 June 1999.[14][15] It immediately took first place in UK bestseller lists, displacing popular authors such as John Grisham, Tom Clancy,[11] and Terry Pratchett,[16] and making Rowling the first author to win the British Book Awards Children's Book of the Year for two years in succession.[17] In June 1999 it went straight to the top of three U.S. bestseller lists,[18] including The New York Times'.[19]

First edition printings had several errors, which were fixed in subsequent reprints.[20] Initially Dumbledore said that Voldemort was the last remaining ancestor of Salazar Slytherin, instead of his descendant.[21] Gilderoy Lockhart's book on werewolves is entitled "Weekends with Werewolves" at one point and "Wanderings with Werewolves" later in the book.[22]

[edit] Reception

In The Times, Deborah Loudon described Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets as a children's book that would be "re-read into adulthood", and highlighted its "strong plots, engaging characters, excellent jokes and a moral message which flows naturally from the story".[23] Fantasy author Charles de Lint agreed, and commented that the second Harry Potter book as was good as Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, a rare achievement among series of books.[24] Thomas M. Wagner regarded the plot as very similar to that of the first book, based on searching for a secret hidden in under the school. However he enjoyed the parody of celebrities and their fans that centres round Gilderoy Lockhart, and approved of the book's handling of racism.[25] Tammy Nezol found the book more disturbing than its predecessor, particularly in the rash behaviour of Harry and his friends after Harry withholds information from Dumbledore, and in the human-like behaviour of the mandrakes used to make a potion that cures petrification. Neverthelesss she considered the second story as enjoyable as the first.[26] Mary B. Stuart thought the final conflict with Tom Riddle in the Chamber was almost as scary as in some of Stephen King's works, and perhaps too strong for young or timid children. She commented that "there are enough surprises and imaginative details thrown in as would normally fill five lesser books." Like other reviewers, she thought the book would give pleasure to both children and adult readers.[27] According to Philip Nel the early reviews gave unalloyed praise while the later ones included some criticisms, although they still agreed that the book was outstanding.[28] Writing after all seven books had been published, Graeme Davis regarded Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets as the weakest of the series, and agreed that the plot structure is much the same as in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. He wrote that Fawkes' appearance to arm Harry and then to heal him as a deus ex machina: the book does not explain how Fawkes knew where to find Harry; and Fawkes' timing had to be very precise, as arriving earlier would probably have prevented the battle with the basilisk, while arriving later would have been fatal to Harry and Ginny.[29]

The climactic scene in which Harry saves Ginny from Riddle's diary and the basilisk was compared by several Christian writers to John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress, as in this scene, "Harry descends to a deep underworld, is confronted by two Satanic minions (Voldemort and a giant serpent), is saved from certain death by his faith in Dumbledore (the bearded God the Father/Ancient of Days), rescues the virgin (Ginerva [sic] Weasley), and ascends in triumph."[30]

[edit] Style and themes

Rowling's literary merits have aroused controversy in the literary world, most notoriously when insults flew in all directions during the judging of the Whitbread Prize in 2000. There her Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban placed a very close second behind a translation of the Middle English epic poem Beowulf, and one judge describled Rowling's book as "derivative, traditional and not particularly well-written."[31] in the USA, Harold Bloom complained that clichés appeared frequently in her work, counting seven in the first four pages of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone.[32] However in Edward Duffy's opinion Rowling uses clichés as material for humour. As well as pointing out that Bloom's seven express the narrow-mindedness of the Dursleys, Duffy cites two examples from Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets: Vernon Dursley is "as bad as his word" when he carries out a threat; and Dumbledore says, "only a true Gryffindor could have pulled that out of the hat", referring to Godric Gryffindor's sword, which Harry pulled out of the Sorting Hat (the italics are Duffy's).[33]

Rowling rivals Dickens in creating vivid, expressive names.[34] In Chamber of Secrets, Knockturn Alley ("nocturnally") is the market for dark magic, while Nicholas de Mimsy-Porpington and Justin Finch-Fletchley parody upper class English names.[33]

Chamber of Secrets is a darker book than Philosopher's Stone – Harry and Ginny nearly die – and the later books continue this trend, along with an increasingly mature viewpoint as the pupils grow older.[35]

Opposition to class prejudice and racism is a constant theme of the series. In Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets Harry's consideration and respect for others extends to the lowly, non-human Dobby and the ghost Nearly Headless Nick.[36] Achievements depend more on ingenuity and hard work than on natural talents.[37]

Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets continues the examination of what makes a person who he or she is, which began in the first book. As well as maintaining that Harry's identity is shaped by his decisions rather than any aspect of his birth,[26][38]Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets provides contrasting characters who try to conceal their true personalities: as Tammy Nezol puts it, Gilderoy Lockhart "lacks any real identity" because he is nothing more than a charming liar;[26] and Tom Riddle admits that he finds it easy to fool and manipulate people.[citation needed] Riddle also complicates Harry's struggle to understand himself by pointing out the similarities between the two: "both half-bloods, orphans raised by Muggles, probalby the only two Parselmouths to come to Hogwarts since the great Slytherin."[35]

There are few absolute moral rules in Harry Potter's world, for example Harry prefers to tell the truth, but lies whenever he considers it necessary – very like his enemy Draco Malfoy.[37] At the end of Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets Dumbledore retracts his promise to punish Harry, Ron and Hermione if they break any more school rules – after Professor McGonagall estimates that they have broken over 100 – and lavishly rewards them for ending the threat from the Chamber.[39] Authority figures and political institutions receive as little respect from Rowling:[37] Harry uses a trick to deprive Lucius Malfoy of his slave, Dobby; and the Minister for Magic is presented as a mediocrity,[40] and his Ministry as a tangle of bureacratic empires, minutiae such as "standardizing cauldron thicknesses", and political correctness in terms such as "non-magical community" (Muggles) and "memory modification" (brainwashing).[38]

In Duffy's opinion one of the central characters of Chamber of Secrets is a book, Tom Riddle's enchanted diary, which takes control of Ginny Weasley – just as Riddle planned. Duffy suggests that Rowling intended this as a warning against passively consuming information from sources that have their own agendas.[33] Although Bronwyn Williams and Amy Zenger regard the diary as more like an instant messaging or chat room system, they agree about the dangers of relying too much on the written word, which can camouflage the author, and they highlight a comical example, Lockhart's self-promoting books.[41]

Analysing the religious debate about the series, Marguerite Krause concludes that the books provide no evidence of distinctly religious observances or beliefs. Christmas and Easter are simply holidays and festivities. The books refer to souls but there is no suggestion that the afterlife is any kind of judgement on a person's conduct in this life, and nothing resembling a higher power, let alone prayer.[37]

Although the female characters are more than just love interest,[35] commentators agree that their roles are limited by sexist assumptions. Moaning Myrtle is a stereotypical "weepy girl".[42] Although Hermione's research skills are essential, she is removed from the action twice, when left with a cat's tail by the Polyjuice Potion and later when petrified by the basilisk.[42] She and Ginny develop crushes on Lockhart and Harry respectively.[42] Godric Gryffindor's sword, described by Andrew Blake as a "quintessential phallic symbol", is lent to Harry by the school's patriarch, Dumbledore.[42] McGonagall, although intelligent, competent, and capable of bending rules,[35] is less powerful and far-sighted than Dumbledore, is noticeably less wise and powerful.[42]

Chamber of Secrets has many links with the sixth book of the series, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince. In fact, Half-Blood Prince was the working title of Chamber of Secrets and Rowling says she originally intended to place some "crucial" plot information in the second book, but ultimately felt that "this information's proper home was book six".[43] Some objects that play significant roles in Half-Blood Prince first appear in Chamber of Secrets: the Hand of Glory and the opal necklace that are on sale in Borgin and Burkes; a Vanishing Cabinet in Hogwarts that is damaged by Peeves the Poltergeist;[44] and Tom Riddle's diary, which is later shown to be a Horcrux.[45]

[edit] Versions in other media

See also: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (film) and Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (video game)

The film version of Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets was released in 2002.[46] It became the third film to exceed $600 million in international box office sales, preceded by Titanic, released in 1997, and Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, released in 2001.[47] The film was nominated for a Saturn Award for the Best Fantasy Film,[47] but The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers took the prize.[48] According to Metacritic, the film version received "generally favourable reviews" with an average score of 63%,[49] and another aggregator, Rotten Tomatoes, gave it a score of 82%.[50]

Video games loosely based on the book were released in 2002, mostly published by Electronic Arts but produced by different developers:

Publisher Year Platform Type Metacritic score
Electronic Arts 2002 MS Windows Role-playing game[51] 77%[52]
Aspyr 2002 Mac Role-playing game[53] (not available)
Electronic Arts 2002 Game Boy Color Role-playing game[54] (not available)
Electronic Arts 2002 Game Boy Advance "Adventure/puzzle" game[55] 76%[56]
Electronic Arts 2002 GameCube "Action adventure"[57] 77%[58]
Electronic Arts 2002 PlayStation Role-playing game[59] Insufficient reviews to calculate an average; individual review scores were 80%, 80% and 60%[60]
Electronic Arts 2002 PlayStation 2 "Action adventure"[61] 71%[62]
Electronic Arts 2002 Xbox "Action adventure"[63] 77%[64]

[edit] Awards

Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets has won the following awards:

  • ALA Notable Children's Books, 2000
  • ALA/YALSA Best Books for Young Adults, 2000
  • Booklist Editors' Choices, 1999
  • Booklist Top Ten Fantasy Novels for Youth, 1998-99
  • CCBC Choices 2000: Fiction for Children
  • International Reading Association: Children's Choices, 2000
  • International Reading Association: Young Adult Choices, 2000
  • School Library Journal: Best Books 1999
  • CBC Not Just for Children Anymore! List
  • British Book Awards 1998 Children's Book of the Year (NIBBY)
  • Shortlisted for the 1998 Guardian Children's Award
  • Shortlisted for the 1998 Carnegie Award
  • Nestlé Smarties Book Prize 1998 Gold Medal 9–11 years
  • Scottish Arts Council Children’s Book Award 1999
  • FCBG Children’s Book Award 1998 Overall winner and Longer Novel Category
  • North East Book Award 1999
  • North East Scotland Book Award 1998
  • The Booksellers Association / The Bookseller Author of the Year 1998
  • Whitaker's Platinum Book Award 2001

[edit] References

  1. ^ "About J. K. Rowling". Raincoast Books. http://www.raincoast.com/harrypotter/rowling.html. Retrieved on March 5, 2009. 
  2. ^ This is the sequence in the book; see Rowling, J.K. (1998). Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets. London: Bloomsbury. pp. 236-237. ISBN 0747538484. . In the film, Harry stabs the diary before being healed by Fawkes; see Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets. Warner Brothers. 2002. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0295297/. Retrieved on 2009-05-25. 
  3. ^ "Harry Potter and Me". British Broadcasting Corporation. 28 December 2001. http://www.accio-quote.org/articles/2001/1201-bbc-hpandme.htm. Retrieved on 2009-01-12. 
  4. ^ Rowling, J.K. (1997). Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. London: Bloomsbury. ISBN 0747532745 pages=12, 77, 14, 45. 
  5. ^ Solomon, Evan (July 13, 2000). "J.K. Rowling Interview". CBCNewsWorld Hot Type. http://www.accio-quote.org/articles/2000/0700-hottype-solomon.htm. Retrieved on 2009-01-12. 
  6. ^ Rowling, J.K. (1997). Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. London: Bloomsbury. p. 13. ISBN 0747532745. 
  7. ^ Rowling, J.K. (1997). Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. London: Bloomsbury. pp. 13, 101. ISBN 0747532745. 
  8. ^ "About the Books: transcript of J.K. Rowling's live interview on Scholastic.com". Scholastic.com. 16 October 2000. http://www.accio-quote.org/articles/2000/1000-scholastic-chat.htm. Retrieved on 2009-01-12. 
  9. ^ Rowling, J.K. (1997). Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. London: Bloomsbury. pp. 16, 48. ISBN 0747532745. 
  10. ^ Rowling, J.K. (1997). Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. London: Bloomsbury. pp. 48, 104-106, 141-142. ISBN 0747532745. 
  11. ^ a b Sexton, C.A. (2007). "Pottermania". J. K. Rowling. Twenty-First Century Books. pp. 77-78. ISBN 0822579499. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=J_IPN8UMf7IC&pg=PA77&dq=%22Harry+Potter+and+the+Chamber+of+Secrets%22&lr=#PPA77,M1. Retrieved on 2009-05-25. 
  12. ^ Rowling, J.K.. "Nearly Headless Nick". http://www.jkrowling.com/textonly/en/extrastuff_view.cfm?id=11. Retrieved on 2009-05-25. 
  13. ^ Rowling, J.K.. "Dean Thomas's background (Chamber of Secrets)". http://www.jkrowling.com/textonly/en/extrastuff_view.cfm?id=2. Retrieved on 2009-05-25. 
  14. ^ "A Potter timeline for muggles". Toronto Star. 2007-07-14. http://www.thestar.com/entertainment/article/235354. Retrieved on 2008-09-27. 
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