Hartebeest
- "Kongoni" redirects here. For the free GNU/Linux distribution, see Kongoni (Operating System).
| Hartebeest | |
|---|---|
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| Red Hartebeest, Etosha National Park, Namibia | |
| Conservation status | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Artiodactyla |
| Family: | Bovidae |
| Subfamily: | Alcelaphinae |
| Genus: | Alcelaphus |
| Species: | A. buselaphus |
| Binomial name | |
| Alcelaphus buselaphus Pallas, 1766 |
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| Subspecies | |
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A. b. buselaphus |
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| Synonyms | |
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Bubalis buselaphus (Lichtenstein, 1814) |
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The hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus) is a grassland antelope found in West Africa, East Africa and Southern Africa. It is one of the three species classified in the genus Alcelaphus.[2]
Hartebeest stand almost 1.5 m (5 ft) at the shoulder and weigh anywhere from 120–200 kg (265–440 lb). Male hartebeest are a dark brown colour while females are yellow brown. Both sexes have horns which can reach lengths up to 70 cm (27 in). Hartebeest live in grassland and open forest where they eat grass. They are diurnal and spend the morning and late afternoon eating. Herds contain five to twenty individuals but can occasionally contain up to 350.
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[edit] Subspecies
Six subspecies have been described,[2] previously seven[3] when it still included the Red Hartebeest, which is now considered a distinct species after phylogeographic studies.[2]
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- †Bubal Hartebeest, Alcelaphus buselaphus buselaphus (Extinct)
- Coke's Hartebeest or Kongoni, Alcelaphus buselaphus cokii
- Lelwel Hartebeest, Alcelaphus buselaphus lelwel
- Western Hartebeest, Alcelaphus buselaphus major
- Swayne's Hartebeest, Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei
- Tora Hartebeest, Alcelaphus buselaphus tora
Two subspecies cross-breeds are recognized by some sectors of the commercial hunting fraternity.
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- Kenya Highland Hartebeest, Alcelaphus buselaphus lelwel x cokii
- Neumann Hartebeest, Alcelaphus buselaphus lelwel x swaynei. (Ethiopia)
[edit] Other species
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- Red Hartebeest Alcelaphus caama.[2]
- Lichtenstein's Hartebeest, Alcelaphus lichtensteinii[2] is classified by some in the Sigmoceros genus as Sigmoceros lichtensteinii.
Two other species less commonly known as 'hartebeest' are classed in the Damaliscus genus.
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- Korrigum (Senegal Hartebeest), Damaliscus lunatus korrigum
- Tiang (Tiang Hartebeest), Damaliscus lunatus tiang
[edit] Etymology
The word hartebeest comes from Afrikaans and was originally called hertebeest. The name was given by the Boers who thought it resembled deer (hert in Dutch, the Dutch beest means 'beast' in English).[4]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2008). Alcelaphus buselaphus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 11 February 2009.
- ^ a b c d e Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn M. (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. Available online
- ^ Antelope Specialist Group (1996). Alcelaphus buselaphus. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 11 May 2006.
- ^ Llewellyn, E.C. (1936) The Influence of Low Dutch on the English Vocabulary. Chapter XIV The Influence of South African Dutch or Afrikaans on the English Vocabulary. Oxford University Press, London. Available online
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Alcelaphus buselaphus |
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Wikispecies has information related to: Alcelaphus buselaphus |
- Hartebeest: Wildlife summary from the African Wildlife Foundation
- Animal Diversity Web Alcelaphus buselaphus (hartebeest)
- IUCN Red List least concern species
- Alcelaphus
- Mammals of Africa
- Megafauna of Africa
- Fauna of West Africa
- Mammals of Sudan
- Mammals of Ethiopia
- Fauna of East Africa
- Mammals of Kenya
- Mammals of Tanzania
- Mammals of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Mammals of the Republic of the Congo
- Mammals of Namibia
- Mammals of South Africa
- Mammals of Angola
