Haryanvi language
| Haryanvi | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| हरियाणवी | ||||||
| Native to | India | |||||
| Region | Haryana and Delhi in India | |||||
| Native speakers | 13 million (1992)[1] | |||||
| Language family | ||||||
| Writing system |
Devanagari script, Nagari script Haryanvi Cinema=Haryanvi_films |
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| Language codes | ||||||
| ISO 639-3 | bgc | |||||
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Haryanvi (Devanagari: हरियाणवी), (hariyāṇvī, also हरयाणवी harayāṇvī) is a Western Hindi language closely related to Hindi. It is commonly considered to be the northernmost dialect of Hindi. It is very similar to Braj Bhasha[2] and has a ≈60% lexical similarity with Bagri language.[3] It is most widely spoken in the North Indian state of Haryana. The term Haryanvi is also used for people from Haryana.
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Geographical distribution [edit]
Haryanvi is exclusively spoken in various districts of Haryana. The people in the districts of Rohtak, Jhajjar, Sonipat, Delhi, Hisar, Bhiwani and Jind speak the popular form of Haryanvi.
The districts adjoining Rajasthan speak different dialects with a Rajasthani intelligibility like Mewati in Mewat district, Another widely spoken dialect is Ahirwati of Ahirs which is spoken in Mahendragarh, Gurgaon and Rewari districts.
Bagri (which has high lexical similarity with Haryanvi dialects to the west) in southern parts of Fatehabad, Bhiwani, southern and western parts of Sirsa and Hisar districts.
Haryanvi mixed with Braj bhasha is spoken in Faridabad district. Haryanvi spoken in districts of Panipat and southern parts of Yamunanagar all along the Yamuna river is easier to understand for people outside Haryana.
Urdu was widely spoken by the Muslim population in Gurgaon's Mewat district before partition but they have since migrated to Pakistan.
Dialects [edit]
Haryanvi has various dialects. Haryanvi dialects have lots of variation and sometimes it varies from village to village which may be just a few kilometers apart. Bangaru, also known as Haryanvi literally, is most widely spoken. Ahirs of Ahirwal belt in southern Haryana speak Haryanvi language similar to Rajasthani. Brahmans, Rors, and Kambojs usually speak the Khaddar dialect, which is a more northern form of Haryanvi and shares many similarities with Khariboli. Gujjars speak Gujri language.
Haryanvi belongs to the Western Hindi family of languages. It is usually understood to be a dialect of Hindi and not a separate language although it has more lexical similarity and legibility with Bagri dialect of Rajasthani. A few dialects of Haryanvi have many similarities with Khariboli, the prestige dialect of Hindi but several other dialects are quite dissimilar.
Literature [edit]
There has not been a proper documentation of Haryanvi literature since most Haryanvi literary figures write in Standard Hindi, but the language has a long-standing oral tradition of folk songs.
The language is felt as rude by people from other parts of India. Tau Sangi, Heeradas Udasi, Deepchand, Debising, Pt. Lakhami Chand, Baje Bhagat, Dhanpat, Mange Ram, Shriram Sharma, Rammehar, Taradatt vilxan and Bharatbhusan Sanghival have made a major contribution to Haryanvi literature. The works of Pt. Lakhami Chand, published by Haryana Sahitya Academy are also notable.
Haryanvi has a very rich culture in terms of folk songs that are called Raginis and folk dramas, known by the name of Saang. Surender Sharma is a very famous satirist, who initially told all his jokes in pure Haryanvi and most of his jokes have their origin in the rural culture of Haryana.
Sample sentences [edit]
| Haryanvi sentence | Its Meaning |
|---|---|
| Tu kitt jave se re? | Where are you going? |
| Tu kay kare se r? (Male) / Aan ree! Tun kay kar ri se? (Female) | What are you doing? |
| Kay naam se re tera? | What is your name? |
| Tanne ke khaaya ? | What did you eat? |
| Kay chal rahya se? | What's going on? |
| Manne konyaa beraa(baira)/Manne konyaa jaan | I don't know / I can't verify |
| Kunn se gaam ka se re tun? (Asking a male) | What's your village's name? |
| Ghara kunn kunn sai? | Who's at home? or who are all in your family? |
| Thaara ghar kade/kit si sai re? | Where is your home? |
| Jeem liya ke? | Had your dinner? |
| Key Gyan see? | How are you? |
| Manne ter te/tahin kahya ni tha | I told you |
| Yaa mhaari chhori sai. | She is my daughter |
| Yoo mhaara chhora sai | He is my son |
| Ton kad si aavega re? (Asking a male) | When you will be coming? |
| Teri baat dekhun tha | Was waiting for you |
| Tera (Thaara) byaah ho ryaa sai ke? | Are you married? |
| Kunn se gaam kaanni chaalya ton? | Which city you are going to? |
| Urene aa / Ure naa aa | Come here |
| haambe | yes/no both with expression} |
| kade/kitod | where |
One thing to be noted in the sample sentences above is that the "raa"/"re" "sambodhan" (address) in Haryanvi is for people younger to you. While addressing an older man, the "raa"/"re" is mostly replaced by the relationship that you share with him. Most of the time word "tau\tai"(shows respect) are used for elder male\females which mean uncle\aunt.
See also [edit]
References [edit]
- ^ Haryanvi at Ethnologue (16th ed., 2009)
- ^ http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bgc
- ^ 56-70% lexical similarity with Haryanvi, http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bgq
External links [edit]
- There is a big collection of haryanavi songs, raagni and video
- There is a Classic Collection of the Haryanavi Raagni
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