Hawaii State Capitol
| Hawaii State Capitol | |
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 The Hawaii State Capitol from the southeast |
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| General information | |
| Architectural style | Hawaiian international architecture |
| Location | 415 S. Beretania Street Honolulu, Hawaii 96813 |
| Design and construction | |
| Client | Hawaii government |
| Owner | Hawaii state government |
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State Capitol/Grounds
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| Part of: | Hawaii Capital Historic District (#78001020) |
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| Added to NRHP: | 12/01/1978 |
The Hawaii State Capitol is the official statehouse or capitol building of Hawaii in the United States. From its chambers, the executive and legislative branches perform the duties involved in governing the state. The Hawaii State Legislature—composed of the twenty-five member Hawaii State Senate led by the President of the Senate and the fifty-one member Hawaii State House of Representatives led by the Speaker of the House—convenes in the building. Its principal tenants are the Governor of Hawaii and Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii, as well as all legislative offices.
Located in downtown Honolulu, the Hawaii State Capitol was commissioned and dedicated by John A. Burns, second Governor of Hawaii. It opened on March 15, 1969, replacing the former statehouse Iolani Palace.
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[edit] Monuments
Burns designed the restoration of the royal palace built by King David Kalakaua and Queen Kapiolani; as part of that effort, the Queen Liliuokalani Statue in the Capitol Mall between the capitol building and Iolani Palace was dedicated on April 10, 1982.
The site was once Haimoeipo, the royal residence of Queen Dowager Kalama.
Several other capitol building monuments decorate the statehouse grounds. The Beretania Street entrance features the Liberty Bell, a gift of the President of the United States and the United States Congress to the Territory of Hawaii in 1950 as a symbol of freedom and democracy. The most prominent monument on the statehouse grounds is the Father Damien Statue—a tribute to the Roman Catholic priest who died in 1869 after sixteen years of serving patients afflicted with leprosy. Father Damien was beatified towards canonization into sainthood by Pope John Paul II in 1995. Father Damien was canonized on October 11, 2009, by Pope Benedict XVI. His feast Day is celebrated on May 10. In Hawaiʻi, it is celebrated on the day of his death, April 15.
Two monuments honor members of the armed forces from Hawaii. The Eternal Flame on Beretania Street is a metal sculptured torch that burns endlessly as a tribute to all men and women from Hawaii who served with the Air Force, Army, Coast Guard, Marines and Navy in all the major and minor conflicts in which the United States was engaged. Likewise, the Korean-Vietnam War Memorial pays tribute to service members who died in those conflicts. Dedicated on July 24, 1994 by Benjamin J. Cayetano, fifth Governor of Hawaii, the monument consists of 768 black marble pedestals engraved with the names of 454 service members of the Korean War and 312 service members of the Vietnam War. A larger marble slab bears a Hawaiian language inscription of remembrance.
[edit] Architecture
The Hawaii State Capitol is an American adaptation of the Bauhaus style termed "Hawaiian international architecture". It was designed by a partnership between the firms of Belt, Lemon and Lo, and John Carl Warnecke and Associates. Unlike other state capitols modeled after the United States Capitol, the Hawaii State Capitol's distinct architectural features symbolize various natural aspects of Hawaii. Among them:
- The building is surrounded by a reflecting pool, symbolizing the Pacific Ocean.
- The two legislative chambers are cone-shaped, symbolizing volcanoes that formed the Hawaiian Islands.
- The columns around the perimeter of the building have shapes resembling coconut trees. There are eight in either side of the building, representing the eight main islands of Hawai'i.
- The Capitol is built with an open-air design, allowing sun, wind, and rain to enter; the central rotunda opens to the sky.
- When standing in the center of the structure, the chandeliers from both legislative chambers, which represent the sun and moon, can be seen through the glass walls, while the area that is normally reserved for a rotunda in most capitol buildings is left open to the sky. It is said that the sky is Hawaii's capitol rotunda.
[edit] Reflecting Pool Algae Issue
From the time the Capitol was completed in 1969, the reflecting pool has had a persistent algae growth problem, due partly to the fact the pool is fed with brackish water from on-site wells. Attempts by the state to fix the problem included introducing tilapia fish into the pool and installing an ozone treatment system.[1] The state currently has the pool lining scrubbed manually, with enzymes added to the water to combat growth. Some people have said the algae growth has come to represent the pollution of the Pacific Ocean, in an ironic reference to the original symbolic meaning of the pool.[2]
[edit] Notes
- ^ Bernardo, Rosemarie (2004-05-12). "Capitol looking for fix to pools’ algae problem". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. http://starbulletin.com/2004/05/12/news/story3.html. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
- ^ Novak, Candice (2007-03-05). "Algae defeats state at Capitol pool". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. http://starbulletin.com/2007/03/05/news/story05.html. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
[edit] External links
- Hawaii State Capitol
- Historic Honolulu (The Capitol District)
- Description of Hawaii State Capitol from CUPOLA
Coordinates: 21°18′26″N 157°51′26″W / 21.307341°N 157.857266°W
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