Health at Every Size
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Health at Every Size (HAES) is an approach to health that focuses on intuitive eating and pleasurable physical activity rather than dieting and weight loss.
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[edit] Overview
The major components of HAES, as described by Jon Robison, are:
- Self-Acceptance: Affirmation and reinforcement of human beauty and worth irrespective of differences in weight, physical size and shape.
- Physical Activity: Support for increasing social, pleasure-based movement for enjoyment and enhanced quality of life.
- Normalized Eating: Support for discarding externally-imposed rules and regimens for eating and attaining a more peaceful relationship with food by relearning to eat in response to physiological hunger and fullness cues.[1]
A cohort of academics outside the medical community, while still acknowledging obesity as a factor in illness and premature death, challenge the severity of the health crisis associated with obesity.[2]
[edit] Research
The reasoning of Health at Every Size proponents is based on research data suggesting that explicitly trying to achieve a weight in the standard recommended weight (or BMI) range, generally through dieting, is not a desirable or realistic goal for individuals wishing to improve their health.[3] Such research provides supporting evidence for the use of lifestyle changes to achieve health improvements:
- A study conducted at the University of California, Davis found that white, obese, female chronic dieters aged 30–45 were more likely to maintain long-term behavior change and health improvements after participating in a HAES program as compared to a control group that participated in a traditional diet program.[4][5]
- Two studies show exercise can improve health indicators for people of all sizes. Exercise does not necessarily result in major weight loss for obese women with an ad lib diet when compared to women with less adipose tissue.[6][7]
[edit] HAES and the Fat Acceptance Movement
HAES is promoted within the fat acceptance movement as an alternative to weight-loss dieting.[8][9]
[edit] References
- ^ Jon Robison (2005). "Health at Every Size: Toward a New Paradigm of Weight and Health". Medscape General Medicine 7 (3): 13. PMC 1681635. PMID 16369239. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/506299.
- ^ W. Wayt Gibbs (2005). "Obesity: An Overblown Epidemic?". Scientific American 292 (6): 70–76. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0605-70. PMID 15934655. http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=obesity-an-overblown-epid.
- ^ Glenn Gaesser (2002). Big Fat Lies: The Truth about Your Weight and Your Health. ISBN 0936077425. http://www.amazon.com/Big-Fat-Lies-Weight-Health/dp/0936077425.
- ^ L. Bacon et al. (2005). "Size acceptance and intuitive eating improve health for obese, female chronic dieters" (abstract page). Journal of the American Dietetic Association 105 (6): 929–936. doi:10.1016/j.jada.2005.03.011. PMID 15942543.
- ^ United States Department of Agriculture (2006). "Health At Every Size: New Hope for Obese Americans?". http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/mar06/health0306.htm.
- ^ M.Krotkiewski et al.; Mandroukas, K; Sjöström, L; Sullivan, L; Wetterqvist, H; Björntorp, P (1979). "Effects of long-term physical training on body fat, metabolism, and blood pressure in obesity". Metabolism 28 (6): 650–658. doi:10.1016/0026-0495(79)90018-0. PMID 449704.
- ^ S.N.Blair et al.; Kohl Hw, 3rd; Paffenbarger Jr, RS; Clark, DG; Cooper, KH; Gibbons, LW (1989). "Physical fitness and all-cause mortality. A prospective study of healthy men and women" (abstract page). Journal of the American Medical Association 262 (17): 2395–2401. doi:10.1001/jama.262.17.2395. PMID 2795824. http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/262/17/2395.
- ^ National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance. "NAAFA Policy Recommendations". http://www.naafaonline.com/dev2/education/index.html.
- ^ "Activists see diet industry as drain on money, self-esteem". USA Today. 8/2/2004. http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2004-08-02-overwight-protest_x.htm.
[edit] Further reading
- Bacon, Linda (2008). Health at Every Size: The Surprising Truth About Your Weight. Dallas, TX: BenBella Books, Inc.. ISBN 978-1933771588. http://www.HAESbook.com.
- Campos, P. (2004). The Obesity Myth: Why America's Obsession with Weight is Hazardous to Your Health. New York: Gotham Books.
- Campos, Paul, Abigail Saguy, Paul Ernsberger, Eric Oliver, and Glen Gaesser. 2006. “The Epidemiology of Overweight and Obesity: Public Health Crisis or Moral Panic?” International Journal of Epidemiology. 35:1. pp. 55–60.
- DePatie, Jeanette (2011). The Fat Chick Works Out! Fitness that's Fun and Feasible for Folks of all Ages, Shapes, Sizes and Abilities.. Monrovia, CA: Real Big Publishing. ISBN 978-1933771588. http://www.thefatchick.com.
- Ernsberger, P. & Haskew, P. (1987). Health implications of obesity: An alternative view. Journal of Obesity and Weight Regulation, 6, 55-137.
- Gaesser, G. (2006). "Fatness, Fitness & Health: A Closer Look At The Evidence" (pdf). Absolute Advantage 5 (3): 18–21. http://www.welcoa.org/freeresources/pdf/aa_5.3_feb06.pdf.
- Garner, D. M., & Wooley, S. C. (1991). Confronting the failure of behavioral and dietary treatments for obesity. Clinical Psychology Review, 11, 729-780.
- Robison, J. (2006). "Health At Every Size" (pdf). Absolute Advantage 5 (3): 8–13. http://www.jonrobison.net/WELCOA%20-%20Health%20At%20Every%20Size%20-%2006.pdf.
- Saguy, Abigail C. and Kevin W. Riley. 2005. “Weighing Both Sides: Morality, Mortality and Framing Contests over Obesity.” Journal of Health Politics, Policy, and Law. 30:5, pp. 869–921.[1]
- Steven, MD and Linda Konner. 1997. Just the weigh you are: how to be fit and healthy whatever your size.
