Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha
| Hekimpğlu Ali Pasha |
|
|---|---|
| Grand vizier | |
| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office 12 March 1732-14 July 1735 21 April 1742-4 October 1743 16 February 1755-19 May 1755 |
|
| Monarch | Mahmut I-Osman III |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1689 |
| Died | 1758 Kütahya |
| Religion | Sunni, Islam |
Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha (1689–1758) was an Ottoman grand vizier . His father Nuh was a Venetian convert who worked in İstanbul as a doctor and his mother Safiye was a Turk. His epithet Hekimoğlu means son of doctor.
Contents |
Early years[edit]
He worked in various districts (and provinces) of the empire like Zile (in Tokat Province, Turkey), Yeniil (south of Sivas Province, Turkey), Adana (in Turkey), Aleppo (in Syria) as a governor. He fought during Ottoman–Persian War (1722–1727) and captured Tebriz. After the treaty of Hamedan in 1727, he worked in Sharazor (in Iraq) and Sivas. During the new war against Persia he was appointed as the commander of the front (Turkish: serdar). He captured Urmia and Tebriz (second time).
First term as grand vizier[edit]
During his first term (13 March 1732 – 14 July 1735) he tried to reform the army by establishing a new artillery corps named Humbaracı (Howitzer). For this task he employed a French convert named Claude Alexandre de Bonneval (later known as Humbaracı Ahmet Pasha). He was suspicious of embattled Russia. So he tried to end the war against Persia. But his peace policy met with criticism and, during a council of war held in the palace, sultan Mahmut I dismissed him.
After the first term[edit]
After his first term, Ali Pasha continued as a governor. He was appointed to Crete island (of Greece), Bosnia (Bosnia Herzegovina), Egypt and Anatolia (Asiatic part of Turkey). In Bosnia he defeated the Austrians[1] at the Battle of Banja Luka during the Russo-Austrian-Turkish War (1735–1739) and he supported the grand vizier İvaz Mehmet Pasha in the siege of Belgrade (1739). In Egypt he the suppressed the uprising of the Mamluks.[2]
Second term as grand vizier[edit]
During his second term (21 April 1742 – 4 October 1743) the most important problem was the new war against Persia now ruled by Nadir Shah of Afsharid dynasty. But the sultan refused Ali Pasha's campaign plan and he dismissed Ali Pasha, accusing of not taking measures in the Eastern front.[3]
After the second term[edit]
After the second term he was appointed to Mitilini island (of Greece), Crete, Bosnia, Trikala (in Greece), Ochakiv (in Ukraina), Vidin (in Bulgaria) and Trabzon (in Turkey) in rapid sequence. In Trabzon he was able to end the chaos created by the local leaders.
Third term as grand vizier[edit]
His third term was very short (16 February 1755 – 19 May 1755). The new sultan Osman III was under the influence of the palace people. When Ali Pasha refused to obey the sultan's order to execute a young prince (Turkish: Şehzade) the sultan jailed him. He barely escaped being executed by the intercession of the valide sultan Şehsuvar.[4]
After the third term[edit]
After being jailed in Kızkulesi (Maidens' Tower) in İstanbul he was exiled to Magosa, Cyprus and then to the island of Rhodes. He was given pardon in 1757. In November 1757 he was appointed as the Ottoman provincial governor for Egypt for the third time. On 17 October 1757 for the fourth time he was appointed the Beylerbey of Anatolia with Kutahya as its capital. On 13 August 1758 when he was 71 years old, he died in Kutahya of urinary tract infection.
He is buried in a small monumental tomb near the Hekimoglu Ali Pasha Mosque at the religious buildings complex that he endowed to be built in 1834 in the Davutpaşa neighbourhood of Istanbul.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Prof. Yaşar Yüce-Prof. Ali Sevim: Türkiye tarihi Cilt IV, AKDTYKTTK Yayınları, İstanbul, 1991 p. 15
- ^ Prof. Yaşar Yüce-Prof. Ali Sevim: Türkiye tarihi Cilt IV, AKDTYKTTK Yayınları, İstanbul, 1991 p. 6
- ^ Ayhan Buz: Osmanlı Sadrazamları,neden Kitap, istanbul,2009,ISBN 978-975-254-278-5 pp 204-205
- ^ Prof. Yaşar Yüce-Prof. Ali Sevim: Türkiye tarihi Cilt IV, AKDTYKTTK Yayınları, İstanbul, 1991 p. 33
| Preceded by Topal Osman Pasha |
Grand Vizier 12 March 1732-14 July 1735 |
Succeeded by Gürcü İsmail Pasha |
| Preceded by Nişancı Hacı Ahmet Pasaha |
Grand Vizier 21 April 1742-4 October 1743 |
Succeeded by Settid hasan Pasha |
| Preceded by Köse Bahir Mustafa Pasha |
Grand Vizier 16 February 1755-19 May 1755 |
Succeeded by Naili Abdullah Pasha |
