Helen Zelezny-Scholz
| Helene Zelezny-Scholz | |
|---|---|
 Helene Scholz 1913 |
|
| Birth name | Helena Scholzová |
| Born | August 16, 1882 Chropyně, Moravia - now - Czech Republic |
| Died | February 18, 1974 (aged 91) Rome, Italy[1] |
| Nationality | Czech |
| Field | Sculpture, Drawing, Ceramics |
| Training | Vienna, Dresden, Berlin, Brussels and Florence |
| Works | see below |
Helen Zelezny, also known in Europe as Helene Zelezny-Scholz or Helene Scholzová-Železná (August 16, 1882 – February 18, 1974), was a Czech born sculptor and architectural sculptor.
She was a very significant representative of the art of sculpture in Europe at the end of the nineteenth and the first half the twentieth centuries.
She is also known as an Italian sculptor as she lived and created in Rome, where she was critically acclaimed, for a number of years. She is also known variously as Helena Zelezny-Scholz, or Helen Scholz.
Her mother was the well-known writer and poetess Maria Stona
At the outbreak of the war in 1914 she went to Vienna, where she assumed a position which might be designated as that of Court Sculptor, many portraits of the Imperial family, including the Empress Zita, emerged from her hands.
Returning in 1919 to Italy, having in the interval married Colonel Zelezny, she worked at first in Florence, then in Rome.
She had her studio in Via Margutta No. 54 [2] from 1922 until her death in 1974, usually spending the summer months in her native country.
Her sculptures has been exhibited in Paris, Vienna, Rome, Prague, Philadelphia, Venice and many other places. Her work has place in public galleries and private collections all over Europe and USA.
Unfortunately several of her sculptures were destroyed during the Second World War, among these being the great central altar, representing the life of St. Hedvige, in the Church dedicated to that saint in Troppau, Sudetenland.
Helene Zelezny-Scholz has made more than 300 portraits in marble, bronze and terracotta (busts, reliefs and statuettes), in which she not only renders a striking likeliness, but reflects the soul of the person, the individual secret beauty of each.
She was a fine teacher for more than 1,000 pupils in her lifetime, developing the individuality in each of them.
When she returned to Florence after the First World War she started with her first pupils, mostly children. Until the Second World War here pupils were only young girls.
Later when she went to USA (1946–1949) she taught in five different mixed classes at Art Centres in and near Philadelphia, as for instance at the Museum of Art and at Swarthmore Collage.
From 1949 until her death she had regular classes in her old studio in Rome. In that period she managed to teach more than 700 pupils of different sex, different age and from 12 nations.
Work from some of the student can be seen in her own book “My dear Pupils” from 1973.
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[edit] Life
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Helene Scholz
Zelezny was born in Chropyně and raised in village Třebovice (Strzebowitz), now part of Ostrava city, Austrian Silesia. She studied drawing in Vienna and Dresden, and sculpture in Berlin under Fritz Heinemann (1864–1932), and four years in Brussels under sculptor Charles van der Stappen. Van der Stappen was a portrait and decorative sculpturer, as Zelezny is known for. 1912 in Ostrava, she organized an exhibition of his works.
After one year of study in Paris, she settled down in Florence, at that time the Mecca of young artists. From 1909 to 1913 she learned a lot from Augusto Giacometti whom she also joined to his native home in Switzerland. In 1912 he made a portrait of Helene Scholz.
Other artist she was she was in regular contact with was Hans Kestranek (Philosoph, Architect and Painter, 1873–1949), Edward Gordon Craig and Julius Rolshoven.
Subsequently in 1913 she made a long stay in Tunis, finding opportunity there to visit the Musselmen harems and become acquainted with their inmates and customs, an experience which found expression in many characteristic groups and statuettes.
In 1913 Zelezny in Tunis among other things sculpted the outside of a house. Georg Brandes joined her here for 14 days. During this stay she made a small statuette of Georg Brandes.
In the same year she portrayed Cardinal Knopp , killed in the Castle Hill Jansky
She moved to Vienna at the beginning of the First World War.
She was the most significant representative of the sculpture of north Moravia and Silesia beside Josef Obeth at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries.
Her sculptures largely featured sculpted portraits, including members of the Habsburg family, Count Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf, Lady Sybil Grahamová,"Il Duce" Benito Mussolini, and 1st President of Czechoslovakia Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (1932).
She was also commissioned to sculpt monuments such as one to victims of the First World War.
She exhibited in an international exhibitions in Berlin and Vienna (1907), in Rome in the Doria Pamphilj Gallery (1932), and in Paris.
Helene Scholz-Zelezny died in Rome 1974 and is buried at The Protestant Cemetery. (Stone 1863 - See plan [3])
[edit] Works
- The Thoughtful, bronze, 1906, the castle Raduň [4]
- The Melancholia, 1906, bronze, 1906, the castle Raduň [5]
- Allegory of the Drama and Music, 1907, town theatre in Moravská Ostrava (smashed);
- Alois Scholzes tomb with the Allegory of the Sorrow, 1908-9, Gratz;
- Small statuette Charles van der Stappen 1909 (Her teacher for 4 years)
- 2 Small statuettes and a bust Georg Brandes 1913. They travelled together to Tunis where the statuettes and bust were made during their fortnight stay there.
- Allegory justice, 1914, judicial building, Fryštát;
- tomb sculpture on the grave dr. Ostrčil, 1924, Praha-Olšany;
- cenotaph, 1930, Těšín (smash);
- The Common and Feast Days, bronze, 1933, gallery in Ostrava
- Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (1850–1937), bronze, 1933, Museum Silesie in Opava
- The Slovak Family, bronze, 1933, the castle Raduň
- cycle of 10 reliefs of the life the saintliness, 1936, church St. Hedvika, Opava;
- Pope Paul VI, 1967
Zelezny has work maintained in the permanent collection of the castle Hradec nad Moravicí, several pieces in the Museum Silesie [6] in Opava, some works in Gallery of the Fine Arts at the Museum of Fine Arts [7] in Ostrava, and in the National Gallery in Prague in addition to private collections.
In the Antonín Dvořák Theatre in Ostrava two reliefs in the main foyer of the theatre, were donated by academic sculptor Helena Scholzová
[edit] Bibliography
- Jessen, J.: Deutsche Bildhauerinnen. In: Der Bazar (Berlin) 20. 1. 1908;
- Deutsche Heimat (Sudetendeutsche Monatshefte) 4, 1928, 16, 43 a 48;
- Freedom 1930
- Plechaty 1933
- Das Bild (Karlsruhe) 12, 1942, 124, 131-136, 141
- Valik In 1945 , p. 34
- Bullfinch 1950, p. 60
- Vollmer 1952-1962 , d. 4, p. 214
- Jùza 1977, p. ?
- Picked 1978
- Picked 1982, p. 157 , 160
- Schenková 1987, p. 60
- Gebauer - Sramek 1990, p. 188
- Toman 1993, d. 2, p. 746
- Jùza V. 1996, p. 8, 35
- Cream 1996, p. 142-143 , 179-181 , 184, 230-232
- Horakova - Gašpariková 1997, p. 104
- Šopák 1998b, Šopák 1998d , p. 2, Šopák 1999b, Šopák 2000d
Books:
- Hélène Zelezny-Scholz;Remigio Strinati: Scanno, Tunisi, Slovacchia. Roma 1932
- Remigio Strinati:Helene Zelezny-Scholz: Scultrice. Roma 1957
- Tomáš Špidlík.: Sculptured Prayer. Roma 1968
- Anthony Mann: Zelezny – Portrait Sculpture 1917–1970. Roma 1970
- Helene Zelezny-Scholz: Aus der Jugend einer Bildhauerin Tagenbuchblätter aus den Jahren 1908–1917. Roma 1972.
- Helene Zelezny-Scholz: My dear Pupils. Roma 1973
- Helene Zelezny-Scholz: Nachlese. Roma 1974;
The books are available Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze [8]
Thesis (in Czech): Jůza, Jiří.: H. Z.-Sch., zapomenutá sochařka 1. poloviny 20. století. Diplomová prá¬ce FF UP Olomouc. Olomouc 1996.
[edit] Sculptures
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MariaStona1930Bronze.jpg
Her mother Maria Stona, bronze, 1930
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Slovak Family, bronze, 1933
[edit] Quotations
- "Death is but a concept of misunderstood life: it does not exist. Everything is resurrection, change, eternity"
[edit] References
- See section Bibliography above.
- The dairy of Georg Brandes
- Biografický slovník Slezska a severní Moravy. Sešit 11. Ostrava, Ostravská univerzita, 1998, s. 123-124.
- 1 of 10 reliefs of the life the saintess in church St. Hedvika, Opava 1936, photo J. Novák.
- Gebauer, Josef. Chrám sv. Hedviky v Opavě.
- Vlastivědné listy, 1994, Vol. 20, Nr. 1, p. 21-23.
- Helene Scholz-Zelezny. SMETANOVÁ, J. TGM. Praha : Primus, 1996, p. 191.
- Jůza, Jiří.: Helena Železná-Scholzová, zapomenutá sochařka 1. poloviny 20. století. In: Ostrava. Vol. 19. Šenov : Tilia, 1999, p. 147-175.
- Helene Scholz-Zelezny Pictures in Picasa
