Elbit Hermes 450
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| Hermes 450 | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Hermes 450 of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection | |
| Role | Unmanned aerial vehicle |
| National origin |  Israel |
| Manufacturer | Elbit Systems |
| Designer | Silver Arrow (Elbit Systems) |
| Status | Active |
| Primary user | Israeli Air Force |
| Unit cost | $2M[1] |
| Variants | Watchkeeper WK450 Elbit Hermes 900 |
The Elbit Systems Hermes 450 is an Israeli medium size multi-payload unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) designed for tactical long endurance missions. It has an endurance of over 20 hours, with a primary mission of reconnaissance, surveillance and communications relay.
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[edit] Operators
- In June 2008, Azerbaijan ordered ten Hermes 450, choosing it over other drone models because of its "'invisibility' for the enemy's anti-aircraft defense."[3] On September 12, 2011, a UAV was reportedly shot down by the air defense arm of the Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army (NKDA) over the airspace of the unrecognized Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (near the village of Gülablı in the province of district of Khojavend).[4] Preliminary investigations carried out by the NKDA have determined the model to be a Hermes 450 type.[5] The Azerbaijani Ministry of Defense initially denied losing any drones. An article that appeared in the Turkish tabloid paper several days later alleged that the UAV was in fact operated by Israel and making reconnaissance flights from Armenia to spy on Iran.[6]
- The Brazilian Air Force has, since December 2009 a unit under lease for 1 year of testing and evaluations in conjunction with the Brazilian Army and Brazilian Navy;[8] there are plans to buy two more.[9]
- Two Hermes 450 were ordered by the Croatian military along with two smaller Skylark UAVs in late 2006, delivered in late 2007.
- The Cyprus Air Forces operating one UAV Squadron (2 groups of UAVs). Reported to be procured no later than 2009.[citation needed]
- Hermes 450 have also been used by Georgia for reconnaissance over its disputed Abkhazia territory, where some were shot down.
- The Mexican Air Force acquired the Hermes 450 system in 2009.[11][12]
- The Singapore Ministry of Defence announced that the Republic of Singapore Air Force is adding the Hermes 450 to its Unmanned Aerial Vehicle fleet, as part of the Air Force's new UAV command.[13]
- The Israeli Air Force, which operates a Hermes 450 squadron out of Palmachim Airbase south of Tel Aviv, has adapted the Hermes 450 for use as an assault UAV, reportedly equipping it with two Hellfire missiles or, according to various sources[which?], two Rafael-made missiles. According to Israeli, Palestinian, Lebanese and independent reports, the Israeli assault UAV has seen extensive service in the Gaza Strip and was used intensively in the Second Lebanon War as well as in the 2009 Sudan air raids. Israel has not denied this capability, but to date, its policy has been not to officially confirm it either.
- The H450 is operated by the 32nd Regiment Royal Artillery of the British Army on military operations in Afghanistan and Iraq. The British version is the only Hermes to use laser gyroscopes in its inertial navigation system. It does not have the option for wing mounted armament. The Hermes 450 is the basis of the British Army's Watchkeeper WK450, development of which started in July 2005 in conjunction with Thales. Watchkeeper is scheduled to replace Hermes in 2010.
- Hermes 450s are operated by the U.S. Department of Defense Joint Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Test and Evaluation Program at the Naval Air Station Fallon,[14] and two Hermes 450s were tested by the U.S. Border Patrol in 2004.
[edit] Specifications
General characteristics
- Crew: 0
- Capacity: 150 kg
- Length: 6.1 m (20 ft 0 in)
- Wingspan: 10.5 m (34 ft 5 in)
- Gross weight: 450 kg (992 lb)
- Powerplant: 1 × UEL R802/902(W) Wankel engine, 39 kW (52 hp)
Performance
- Maximum speed: 176 km/h (109 mph; 95 kn)
- Cruising speed: 130 km/h (81 mph; 70 kn)
- Range: 200 km (124 mi; 108 nmi)
- Endurance: 20 hours (450LE - 30 hours)
- Service ceiling: 5,486 m (18,000 ft)
- Rate of climb: 4.6 m/s (900 ft/min)
[edit] References
- ^ http://www.isr.umd.edu/~austin/enes489p/projects2011a/BorderSecurity-Air-Team-FinalReport.pdf
- ^ [1]
- ^ "Israel Sells UAVs To Azerbaijan." Middle East News Online. June 13, 2008. Retrieved September 19, 2011.
- ^ "Azerbaijani Drone Reportedly Downed Over Nagorno-Karabakh." RFE/RL. September 14, 2011. Retrieved September 14, 2011.
- ^ Mortimer, Gary. "Armenian military shoot down Israeli made drone operated by Azerbaijani armed forces." sUAS News. September 15, 2011. Retrieved September 19, 2011.
- ^ Kocera, Joshua. "Azerbaijani Media: That Drone Wasn't Ours -- It Was Israel's!." Eurasianet. September 20, 2011. Retrieved October 30, 2011.
- ^ http://www.flightglobal.com/directory/detail.aspx?aircraftCategory=uav&manufacturerType=uav&navigationItemId=372&aircraftId=3483&manufacturer=21975&keyword=&searchMode=Manufacturer
- ^ http://odia.terra.com.br/portal/brasil/html/2010/5/fab_apresenta_primeiro_aviao_nao_tripulado_80134.html FAB apresenta primeiro avião não tripulado
- ^ "Brazil selects Elbit's Hermes 450 UAV". http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/12/09/350793/brazil-selects-elbits-hermes-450-uav.html. Retrieved 2010-12-19.
- ^ http://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=824
- ^ "Aviones no tripulados de las Fuerzas Armadas contra el crimen" (in Spanish). El Golfo.info. August 1, 2009. http://www.elgolfo.info/web/tiemporeal/49965-aviones-no-tripulados-de-las-fuerzas-armadas-contra-el-crimen.html. Retrieved 2009-08-03.[dead link]
- ^ Garibian, Pablo (2010-08-24). "Mexico buys drones, may use for marijuana search". Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE67N67320100824.
- ^ http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/aircraft/uav/hermes_450/Hermes_450.html
- ^ http://www.thalesgroup.co.uk/thales_corporate/press-room/pressreleases/us-success-for-uav-offered-by-thales-for-watchkeeper.cfm
[edit] External links
Media related to Elbit Hermes 450 at Wikimedia Commons
- Hermes 450 Brochure, Elbit Systems
- Hermes 450 Tactical UAV System, Defense Update
- Hermes 450, Israeli-weapons.com
- Border Patrol to deploy unmanned aerial vehicles, USA Today, May 17, 2004
- Israel sets combat drones against missile launchers in Gaza, World Tribune, 8 May 2007
- Israel Starts Reexamining Military Missions and Technology, Aviation Week & Space Technology, 20 Aug 2006
- Report of UNOMIG on the incident of 20 April involving the downing of a Georgian Unmanned Aerial Vehicle over the Zone of Conflict, UNOMIG, 2008-05-26
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