Hisar, India

This article is about the municipality in India. For its namesake district, see Hisar district.

Hisar हिसार
—  city  —
Hisar हिसार Location of Hisar हिसार in Haryana and India
Coordinates	29°09′N 75°43′E
Country	India
State	Haryana
District(s)	Hisar
Population	256,810 (2001)
Time zone	IST (UTC+05:30)
Codes • Pincode • 125001 • Telephone • +01662
Website	www.hisar.nic.in

Hisar  pronunciation (Hindi: ‍हिसार) city, previously spelled Hissar, is the administrative headquarters of Hisar district, in the state of Haryana, in northwestern India. Hisar was founded in 1354 CE, as Hissar-e-Firoza by Firoz Shah Tughlaq, who reigned over the Sultanate of Delhi from 1351 to 1388. on the demolished ruins of an existing prosperous Hindu and Jain city of Iksaru. The word Hisar derives from a Arabic word meaning "Fortress". Firoz Shah also who brought the waters of the Yamuna river here by means of canal. A holy devotee predicted his accession to the throne and at his request the canal was made.

Hisar is located at 29°9’11” north latitude and 75°43’6” east longitude. It is situated 164 kilometers (102 mi) northwest of Delhi on the National Highway NH 10. The present city of Hisar, one of the important cities of North India, is located at 2905’5”north latitude and 75045’55” east longitudes. It is situated one hundred sixty four kilometers west to Delhi on the National Highway number ten.

The city of Hisar was founded by a Muslim ruler, Firozshah Tughlaq in 1354 A.D. ‘Hisar’ is an Arabic word which means ‘Fort’. The city, which we know today as ‘Hisar’, was originally called ‘Hisar Firoza (also Hisar-e-Firoza) or in other words the ‘Fort of Firoz’. But as the days rolled by, the very word ‘Firoza’ was dropped from its original name.

It was in these lands that the very first evidence of the presence of man was discovered with the excavation of Agroha, Banawali and Kunal. All of these were the pre-Harappan settlements, bringing for us the very first images of pre-Historic times. The presence of the pillar in Hisar fort belonging to the time of Emperor Ashoka (234 A.D.) originally from Agroha, the discovery of coins of the Kushan Kings tells tales of ancient India.

The construction work of the Hisar city was started in the year 1354 A.D. under the personal supervision of Firozshah himself who stayed here for a sufficient time. The boundary wall of Hisar Firoza was built up of stones brought from the hills of Narsai. The Fort city was also surrounded by big ditch dug round the wall. A large and deep tank was constructed inside the fort, and the water used to replenish the ditch. Inside the fort a fine palace, having a complex of different buildings was built. Well laid out gardens added to the beauty of the palace. The initial stage of the city, it was reported, was completed after the incessant work of two and a half years.

The nobles and Amirs were also directed by the Sultan to get the residences built here. The buildings were constructed with lime and burnt bricks. The fort-city had four gates which were subsequently named as the Delhi Gate and Mori Gate to the east, the Nagori Gate to the south and Talaqi Gate to the west.

While constructing the palace, popularly known as ‘Gujari Mahal’ for his beloved, Firozshah also built a new city around it. The Gujari Mahal still stands in its austere majesty. This palace is a complex of different buildings, including the royal residence of the sultan Firozshah, Shahi Darwaza, Diwan-e-Aam, Baradari with three tehkhanas, a Hamam, a Mosque and a Pillar. The style of architecture of the Gujari Mahal is dignified. The palace has beautifully carved stone pillars.

It is true that most of the materials used for the constructing the Gujari Mahal complex was of Hindu or Jain temples, but there is nothing unusual about it because the conquerors would often do like that. It is thus a routine practice of history.

In 1408 Hisar felt into the hands of the rebels, but was recovered by the royal army under the Emperor Mahmud Tughlaq in person. In 1411 the tract of Hansi came into the hands of Khizar Khan, and he ascended to the throne of Delhi in 1414 as the first Sultan of Sayyad Dynasty. In 1420 the fief of Hisar was conferred on Mahmud Hassan as reward for good services. During the feeble dynasty of the Lodhis (1451–1526) Hisar rather Haryana continued to form a parts of Haryana, was granted as a fief to Muhabbat Khan in the reign of Bahlol Lodi (1451–89)

When Babur invaded India in the 1524-26, Hisar was an important strategic center of Ibrahim Lodi’s empire. Before the battle of Panipat in 1526, on reaching the Ghaggar, Babur learnt that the troops from Hisar, led by Hamid Khan, were advancing towards him. He then dispatched prince Humayun with a sufficient number of army who succeeded in defeating the enemy. Babur handed over the city of Hisar to Humayun as a reward for his success in his first military expedition. Humayun ruled over India twice first from 1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 to 1556. During his first reign a mosque known as Jama Masjid was built here by Amir Muhammad in 1535.

During Akbar’s reign (1556–1605) Hisar became once more a place of considerable importance. It was made the headquarters of the revenue Division known as sirkar. As some of Mughal Princes who were attached with Hisar, subsequently became the Emperors. The city of Hisar then known in the history of India as the Duke of Wellington of Mughal Era.

The last noteworthy actor in the history of the tract of Hisar before the advent of the British power was George Thomas (1756–1802). He was an independent ruler of the tract of Haryana, including Hisar, from 1797m to 1802. The Jahaz Pul and the Jahaz Kothi situated to the east of the city of Hisar, still remind the great Irish adventurer. Thomas used the Jahaz Kothi, which was once a Jain temple and afterwards converted into a mosque, as a residence.

It gained importance in early sixties when Agriculture University was setup as an extension of the Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana. Ever since, the Government ‘s positive policies have played a vital role in the economic development of the city. The industrial policy of the Government has attracted large number of entrepreneurs and has resulted into the industrialization in and around the city.

History

Excavations at Agroha, Banawali and Kunal mounds, have suggested pre-Harappan settlements, which itself flourished c. 3300–1300 BC. A pillar originally from Agroha, now within Hisar fort belongs to Emperor Ashoka (234 A.D.) period, also discovered were coins of the Kushan Kings (1st century AD). Hisar was once irrigated by Ghaggar River, and had its capital in Hansi.

The modern city of Hisar was founded in 1354 CE, as Hissar-e-Firoza (Fort of Firoz) by Firoz Shah Tughlaq, the Tughlaq dynasty ruler, who reigned over the Sultanate of Delhi from 1351 to 1388. The construction began in 1354 CE, under the supervision of Firoz Shah himself who stayed here for extended periods of time, stones for fort walls were brought from Narsai hills nearby, also a moat was dug around the fort walls. Firoz also built a palace known as Gujari Mahal, around which the city came up in the coming years. The palace complex contained royal residences, Shahi Darwaza, Diwan-e-Aam (Hall of Public audience), Baradari with three tehkhanas (basement treasury), a Hamam, a Mosque and a Pillar dating to Emperor Ashoka period.

Subsequently houses of nobles were added. The fort-city had four gates, the Delhi Gate and Mori Gate to the east, the Nagori Gate to the south and Talaqi Gate to the west. Eventually the work took two and a half years to complete.

Location and Situation

Hisar city is one of the important and fast growing urban centers of Haryana. It has grown to a vital position on the urban map of Haryana. It has come up because of location factors. Its location is such that for any development away from the G.T. Road Hisar draws the attention.

The city is catering to the needs of not only the population of the district but also to the population of adjoining areas of Rajasthan and Punjab. People from Punjab and Rajasthan come here for medical treatment, for the purchase of good quality seeds, cows, buffaloes, bullocks and sheep etc. and also to get good education.

At present Hisar district consists of four tehsils and three Sub-tehsils. The tehsils are Hisar, Hansi, Narnaund and Adampur and sub tehsils are Barwala, Uklana and Bass.

Hisar is a divisional headquarter of the Divisional Commissioner and also the headquarter of Police Range. It is also a battalion Headquarters of B.S.F. 3rd Bn. H.A.P. and commando force. In order to bring under the roof of all the departments a five storied building of District Administrative Complex has been completed and offices shifted in 1980. It adjoins the new Judiciary Complex, which is also made functional. This administrative and judiciary complex is Historical Significance District-HISAR

The present city of Hisar, one of the important cities of North India, is located at 2905’5”north latitude and 75045’55” east longitudes. It is situated one hundred sixty four kilometers west to Delhi on the National Highway number ten.

The city of Hisar was founded by a Muslim ruler, Firozshah Tughlaq in 1354 A.D. ‘Hisar’ is an Arabic word which means ‘Fort’. The city, which we know today as ‘Hisar’, was originally called ‘Hisar Firoza (also Hisar-e-Firoza) or in other words the ‘Fort of Firoz’. But as the days rolled by, the very word ‘Firoza’ was dropped from its original name.

It was in these lands that the very first evidence of the presence of man was discovered with the excavation of Agroha, Banawali and Kunal. All of these were the pre-Harappan settlements, bringing for us the very first images of pre-Historic times. The presence of the pillar in Hisar fort belonging to the time of Emperor Ashoka (234 A.D.) originally from Agroha, the discovery of coins of the Kushan Kings tells tales of ancient India.

The construction work of the Hisar city was started in the year 1354 A.D. under the personal supervision of Firozshah himself who stayed here for a sufficient time. The boundary wall of Hisar Firoza was built up of stones brought from the hills of Narsai. The Fort city was also surrounded by big ditch dug round the wall. A large and deep tank was constructed inside the fort, and the water used to replenish the ditch. Inside the fort a fine palace, having a complex of different buildings was built. Well laid out gardens added to the beauty of the palace. The initial stage of the city, it was reported, was completed after the incessant work of two and a half years.

The nobles and Amirs were also directed by the Sultan to get the residences built here. The buildings were constructed with lime and burnt bricks. The fort-city had four gates which were subsequently named as the Delhi Gate and Mori Gate to the east, the Nagori Gate to the south and Talaqi Gate to the west.

While constructing the palace, popularly known as ‘Gujari Mahal’ for his beloved, Firozshah also built a new city around it. The Gujari Mahal still stands in its austere majesty. This palace is a complex of different buildings, including the royal residence of the sultan Firozshah, Shahi Darwaza, Diwan-e-Aam, Baradari with three tehkhanas, a Hamam, a Mosque and a Pillar. The style of architecture of the Gujari Mahal is dignified. The palace has beautifully carved stone pillars.

It is true that most of the materials used for the constructing the Gujari Mahal complex was of Hindu or Jain temples, but there is nothing unusual about it because the conquerors would often do like that. It is thus a routine practice of history.

In 1408 Hisar felt into the hands of the rebels, but was recovered by the royal army under the Emperor Mahmud Tughlaq in person. In 1411 the tract of Hansi came into the hands of Khizar Khan, and he ascended to the throne of Delhi in 1414 as the first Sultan of Sayyad Dynasty. In 1420 the fief of Hisar was conferred on Mahmud Hassan as reward for good services. During the feeble dynasty of the Lodhis (1451–1526) Hisar rather Haryana continued to form a parts of Haryana, was granted as a fief to Muhabbat Khan in the reign of Bahlol Lodi (1451–89)

When Babur invaded India in the 1524-26, Hisar was an important strategic center of Ibrahim Lodi’s empire. Before the battle of Panipat in 1526, on reaching the Ghaggar, Babur learnt that the troops from Hisar, led by Hamid Khan, were advancing towards him. He then dispatched prince Humayun with a sufficient number of army who succeeded in defeating the enemy. Babur handed over the city of Hisar to Humayun as a reward for his success in his first military expedition. Humayun ruled over India twice first from 1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 to 1556. During his first reign a mosque known as Jama Masjid was built here by Amir Muhammad in 1535.

During Akbar’s reign (1556–1605) Hisar became once more a place of considerable importance. It was made the headquarters of the revenue Division known as sirkar. As some of Mughal Princes who were attached with Hisar, subsequently became the Emperors. The city of Hisar then known in the history of India as the Duke of Wellington of Mughal Era.

The last noteworthy actor in the history of the tract of Hisar before the advent of the British power was George Thomas (1756–1802). He was an independent ruler of the tract of Haryana, including Hisar, from 1797m to 1802. The Jahaz Pul and the Jahaz Kothi situated to the east of the city of Hisar, still remind the great Irish adventurer. Thomas used the Jahaz Kothi, which was once a Jain temple and afterwards converted into a mosque, as a residence.

It gained importance in early sixties when Agriculture University was setup as an extension of the Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana. Ever since, the Government ‘s positive policies have played a vital role in the economic development of the city. The industrial policy of the Government has attracted large number of entrepreneurs and has resulted into the industrialization in and around the city.

Location and Situation

Hisar city is one of the important and fast growing urban centers of Haryana. It has grown to a vital position on the urban map of Haryana. It has come up because of location factors. Its location is such that for any development away from the G.T. Road Hisar draws the attention.

The city is catering to the needs of not only the population of the district but also to the population of adjoining areas of Rajasthan and Punjab. People from Punjab and Rajasthan come here for medical treatment, for the purchase of good quality seeds, cows, buffaloes, bullocks and sheep etc. and also to get good education.

At present Hisar district consists of four tehsils and three Sub-tehsils. The tehsils are Hisar, Hansi, Narnaund and Adampur and sub tehsils are Barwala, Uklana and Bass.

Hisar is a divisional headquarter of the Divisional Commissioner and also the headquarter of Police Range. It is also a battalion Headquarters of B.S.F. 3rd Bn. H.A.P. and commando force. In order to bring under the roof of all the departments a five storied building of District Administrative Complex has been completed and offices shifted in 1980. It adjoins the new Judiciary Complex, which is also made functional. This administrative and judiciary complex is largest in Haryana, at a district headquarters may be one of the largest in the country.

(1)ANCIENT MOUND AGROHA (Centrally protected)

LOCATION: 22 km. from Hisar on Hisar-Fazilka road

The excavations at Agroha have brought to light the antiquities from the 3rd-4th century B.C to 13th -14th century A.D Some of the structures like defense wall, shrines cells unearthed here, are of great historic significance, The residential houses seen here, are rectangular in plan, having east-west orientation. About seven thousand antiquities have been recovered during the excavations, These includes stone sculptures, terracotta sealing, iron and copper implements, beads of semi-precious stone, shell, glass and Terri cotta. A number of coins and sculptures including terracotta objects have also been found from this site.

(2) JAHAJ KOTHI (State protected)

LOCATION: Hisar town

George Thomas a native of Ireland and uncrowned ruler of the territory between Sirsa and Rohtak got this monument built for his residence. Owing its isolated position it appears like a ship in the ocean and thereby won the name Jahaj Kothi.It might have also got its name due to distortion of the word George to Jahaj over thr years by the locals. After the defeat of George by the Britishers, James Kothi for some time before the construction of his residential Palace at Hansi.

(3) ANCIENT GUMBAD (State protected)

LOCATION: Government Collage Complex,Hisar town

This monument is the tomb of Pranpir Badshah (belonging to the early 14th Century A.D) the spiritual teacher of Sher Bahlol or Dana Sher. He was a great Sufi Saint and Prophesid that Ghiyas-ud-din Tughluq would become the king of Delhi.

(4) BARSI GATE (Centrally protected)

LOCATION: At Hansi, 26 km east of Hisar on Hisar-Delhi road

The majestic Barsi Gate standing amidst the bazar of Hansi town was the main entrance to the ancient fort of Hansi.Even today, it is an imposing gate of the outer defense wall of the Hansi Fort. A Persian epigraph inscribed above the doorway records the date of its constructions (in A.H) which corresponds to the year 1304-1305 A.D

(5) FORT OF PRITHVI RAJ (Centrally protected)

LOCATION: At Hansi

The fort known as Prithvi Raj-Ka-Qila has completely been converted into a mound except for a few monuments of pre-Mughal period that can be seen here. A long pillared structure with a flat roof is situated on the top of the mound. It is called Baradari.Some time back 57 bronze images of Jain Tirthankaras were recovered from this site.

(6) DURGAH CHAR QUTAB (State protected)

LOCATION: At Hansi

West of the town has a group of monuments with in the tomb complex known as Char-Qutabs, Jamal-ud-Din Hansi (1187-1261 AD) Burhan-ud-Din (1261-1300 A.D) Qutab-ud-Din Manuwar (1300–1303) and Nur-ud-Din (1325-1397 A.D) were the celebrated Sufi Saints of their times and designated as Qutabs. This monuments celebrates the last testing place of these saints.The dargah has been subjected to many changes. The tomb is connected to a small mosque.It is said that it is built at the place where Baba Farid used to meditate and offer prayers. One of the most imposing edifices of this structure is the large Mosque in the northern enclosure which was constructed by Firoz Shah Tuglaq. Other important monuments in the complex are the tomb of Mir Tijarah who was the chief purveyor (Tajarah) of Sultan Hamid –ud-Din of Hansi.Mir Ali or Alam was a disciple of Jamal-ud-Din and is said to have built the tomb for his teacher. But he himself was entombed here due to his early demise.Other monuments in the complex are the twin tombs of Begum Skinner, four chhatries Known as Char Diwan and Ek Diwan.

Historical Significance

The present city of Hisar, one of the important cities of North India, is located at 2905’5”north latitude and 75045’55” east longitudes. It is situated one hundred sixty four kilometers west to Delhi on the National Highway number ten.

The city of Hisar was founded by a Muslim ruler, Firozshah Tughlaq in 1354 A.D. ‘Hisar’ is an Arabic word which means ‘Fort’. The city, which we know today as ‘Hisar’, was originally called ‘Hisar Firoza (also Hisar-e-Firoza) or in other words the ‘Fort of Firoz’. But as the days rolled by, the very word ‘Firoza’ was dropped from its original name.

It was in these lands that the very first evidence of the presence of man was discovered with the excavation of Agroha, Banawali and Kunal. All of these were the pre-Harappan settlements, bringing for us the very first images of pre-Historic times. The presence of the pillar in Hisar fort belonging to the time of Emperor Ashoka (234 A.D.) originally from Agroha, the discovery of coins of the Kushan Kings tells tales of ancient India.

The construction work of the Hisar city was started in the year 1354 A.D. under the personal supervision of Firozshah himself who stayed here for a sufficient time. The boundary wall of Hisar Firoza was built up of stones brought from the hills of Narsai. The Fort city was also surrounded by big ditch dug round the wall. A large and deep tank was constructed inside the fort, and the water used to replenish the ditch. Inside the fort a fine palace, having a complex of different buildings was built. Well laid out gardens added to the beauty of the palace. The initial stage of the city, it was reported, was completed after the incessant work of two and a half years.

The nobles and Amirs were also directed by the Sultan to get the residences built here. The buildings were constructed with lime and burnt bricks. The fort-city had four gates which were subsequently named as the Delhi Gate and Mori Gate to the east, the Nagori Gate to the south and Talaqi Gate to the west.

While constructing the palace, popularly known as ‘Gujari Mahal’ for his beloved, Firozshah also built a new city around it. The Gujari Mahal still stands in its austere majesty. This palace is a complex of different buildings, including the royal residence of the sultan Firozshah, Shahi Darwaza, Diwan-e-Aam, Baradari with three tehkhanas, a Hamam, a Mosque and a Pillar. The style of architecture of the Gujari Mahal is dignified. The palace has beautifully carved stone pillars.

It is true that most of the materials used for the constructing the Gujari Mahal complex was of Hindu or Jain temples, but there is nothing unusual about it because the conquerors would often do like that. It is thus a routine practice of history.

In 1408 Hisar felt into the hands of the rebels, but was recovered by the royal army under the Emperor Mahmud Tughlaq in person. In 1411 the tract of Hansi came into the hands of Khizar Khan, and he ascended to the throne of Delhi in 1414 as the first Sultan of Sayyad Dynasty. In 1420 the fief of Hisar was conferred on Mahmud Hassan as reward for good services. During the feeble dynasty of the Lodhis (1451–1526) Hisar rather Haryana continued to form a parts of Haryana, was granted as a fief to Muhabbat Khan in the reign of Bahlol Lodi (1451–89)

When Babur invaded India in the 1524-26, Hisar was an important strategic center of Ibrahim Lodi’s empire. Before the battle of Panipat in 1526, on reaching the Ghaggar, Babur learnt that the troops from Hisar, led by Hamid Khan, were advancing towards him. He then dispatched prince Humayun with a sufficient number of army who succeeded in defeating the enemy. Babur handed over the city of Hisar to Humayun as a reward for his success in his first military expedition. Humayun ruled over India twice first from 1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 to 1556. During his first reign a mosque known as Jama Masjid was built here by Amir Muhammad in 1535.

During Akbar’s reign (1556–1605) Hisar became once more a place of considerable importance. It was made the headquarters of the revenue Division known as sirkar. As some of Mughal Princes who were attached with Hisar, subsequently became the Emperors. The city of Hisar then known in the history of India as the Duke of Wellington of Mughal Era.

The last noteworthy actor in the history of the tract of Hisar before the advent of the British power was George Thomas (1756–1802). He was an independent ruler of the tract of Haryana, including Hisar, from 1797m to 1802. The Jahaz Pul and the Jahaz Kothi situated to the east of the city of Hisar, still remind the great Irish adventurer. Thomas used the Jahaz Kothi, which was once a Jain temple and afterwards converted into a mosque, as a residence.

It gained importance in early sixties when Agriculture University was setup as an extension of the Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana. Ever since, the Government ‘s positive policies have played a vital role in the economic development of the city. The industrial policy of the Government has attracted large number of entrepreneurs and has resulted into the industrialization in and around the city.

Location and Situation

Hisar city is one of the important and fast growing urban centers of Haryana. It has grown to a vital position on the urban map of Haryana. It has come up because of location factors. Its location is such that for any development away from the G.T. Road Hisar draws the attention.

The city is catering to the needs of not only the population of the district but also to the population of adjoining areas of Rajasthan and Punjab. People from Punjab and Rajasthan come here for medical treatment, for the purchase of good quality seeds, cows, buffaloes, bullocks and sheep etc. and also to get good education.

Climate

Very hot summers and very cold winters. The maximum day temperature during the summer varies between 40 to 46 degree Celsius. During winter its ranges between 1.5 degree to 4 degree Celsius. The winds are strong and frequent during May to July. Normally the South Westerly current of summer monsoon brings the rains during July to September period. Intermittent dust storms are also common.

Administrative set-up of District Hisar

Hisar continued to be the District Headquarters of the largest District in the state till its reorganization; some parts of it were transferred to Jind in 1966 when Jind was made a new District. Tehsil Bhiwani and Loharu estate were transferred to Bhiwani District when Bhiwani was carved out in 1974. It was further bifurcated when Sirsa become a new district entirely out of Hisar District. Now Fatehabad has been carved out of this district.

At present Hisar district consists of four tehsils and three Sub-tehsils. The tehsils are Hisar, Hansi, Narnaund and Adampur and sub tehsils are Barwala, Uklana and Bass.

Hisar is a divisional headquarter of the Divisional Commissioner and also the headquarter of Police Range. It is also a battalion Headquarters of B.S.F. 3rd Bn. H.A.P. and commando force. In order to bring under the roof of all the departments a five storied building of District Administrative Complex has been completed and offices shifted in 1980. It adjoins the new Judiciary Complex, which is also made functional. This administrative and judiciary complex is largest in Haryana which is also made functional. This, at a district headquarters may be one of the largest in the country.

Climate

Hisar
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     13   21 6     16   25 8     12   31 14     5.6   37 19     20   41 24     43   41 28     141   37 27     147   35 26     65   35 24     15   34 18     6.1   29 11     7.3   24 7 Average max. and min. temperatures in °C Precipitation totals in mm Source: IMD
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     0.5   71 42     0.6   76 47     0.5   87 57     0.2   98 67     0.8   105 76     1.7   106 82     5.5   99 81     5.8   95 79     2.6   96 75     0.6   94 64     0.2   84 52     0.3   74 44 Average max. and min. temperatures in °F Precipitation totals in inches

Hisar has a continental climate, with very hot summers and relatively cool winters. Summer starts in April and lasts till the middle of October. May is the hottest month, with the maximum day temperatures in the 45 °C (113 °F) range. Hisar experiences a weak monsoon, from late June to September, with about 15 inches (380 mm) of rain. Winter starts in November and is mild and sunny, although temperatures may reach freezing on some nights.

It is a semi-arid region and agriculture is supported mainly by canals and ground water irrigation. Hisar lies just 30 km north-east of the Thar Desert. Hot winds, locally known as Loo, are strong and frequent from May to July. Intermittent dust storms are also common. In the winter some rain is received due to western disturbances.

Demographics

As of 2011 India census, Hisar had a population of 17,42,815. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Hisar has an average literacy rate of 71%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 82.79%, and female literacy is 62.31%. In Hisar, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age. main ethnic group of hisar is of Jats. There is also a significant population of Sikhs in Hisar who during the 1947 partition came from West Punjab (Pakistan) and settled in this Area.

Another interesting fact, Hisar has the maximum number of permanent immigrants to US among all districts in Haryana. According to US department of Homeland security, a recent report on permanent immigration from Northern Indian Districts of Indian subcontinent, in the state of Haryana, Hisar ranks no. 1 (with 893). At no. 2 Faridabad (812), no. 3 Karnal (656).

Hisar has a military station and an airstrip. Health services: Hisar has a well developed network of health facilities, including the civil hospital and many reputed private and charitable health institutes like Jindal Cancer Research Institute and Hospital, Maharaja Agrasen Hospital and Medical College. Hisar has long been the medical care hub of Haryana. It is also known as 'Mini Paris' of Haryana

Census of India (2011)

As per provisional reports of Census India, population of Hisar in 2011 is 301,249; of which male and female are 163,338 and 137,911 respectively. The sex ratio of Hisar city is 844 per 1000 males.

In education section, total literates in Hisar city are 216,978 of which 125,172 are males while 91,806 are females. Average literacy rate of Hisar city is 81.04 percent of which male and female literacy was 86.13 and 75.00 percent.

Total children (0-6) in Hisar city are 33,514 as per figure from Census India report on 2011. There were 18,015 boys while 15,499 are girls. Child sex ratio of girls is 860 per 1000 boys.

Hisar city is governed by Municipal Corporation which comes under Hisar Urban Agglomeration. Although Hisar city has population of 301,249; its urban / metropolitan population is 306,893 of which 166,623 are males and 140,270 are females.

Education

Hisar is very famous not among Haryana only but among neighbor states for its rich education facilities. Hisar is one of very few middle level cities with these many institutes. The Internationally acclaimed Social Activist and IIT Alumnus Arvind Kejriwal is from Hisar only. Top institutes which make Hisar a center for education for complete belt of north-western Rajasthan, western Haryana and south-western Punjab are:

1. C.C.S. Haryana Agricultural University, a premier institution for teaching and research on three sections (Agriculture, Veterinary Sciences and Sports) (CCSHAU)
2. Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology (GJUST)
3. National Research Centre on Equines (NRCE)
4. Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes (CIRB)
5. Northern Region Farm Machinery Training and Testing Institute (NRFMTTI)
6. Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences ;www.llruvas.edu.in

Hisar has many colleges and schools. Some of the top notch schools are:-

1. St. Francis Xaviers School
2. OP Jindal Modern School
3. Holy Angel School
4. New Yashoda Public School
5. Thakur Das Bhargav Senior Model School
6. Vidya Devi Jindal School
7. Delhi Public School
8. Army Senior Secondary School
9. Central School
10. Campus School CCS HAU, Hisar
11. Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Pabra
12. K.L. Arya DAV Public School
13. Columbus High School
14. P.G.S.D. Senior Secondary School (located near jahaj pul)
15. Lahoria Senior Secondary School
16. Yog Senior Secondary School
17. Holy Child Senior Secondary School
18. St Mary's School
19. St. Sophia School.

Hisar has a long list of higher education institutes too:

1. Om Institute of Technology & Management
2. Santi Niketan Institute of Technology & Management
3. Gaur College
4. Govt. Polytechnic
5. Manav Rachna Institute
6. Kalpna Chawla Institute of Technology & Education
7. PPIMT
8. F. C. College
9. C.R.M. Jat College
10. C.R.M. Law College
11. Govt. P. G. College
12. D.N. College
13. CADD Centre Training Services Pvt. Ltd.
14. Imperial College
15. C.R.M. College of Education
16. Gokul Ahuja College for Girls

Hisar has the coaching center for Engineers

1. Luxon Engineering Edge Education Private Limited

See also

• Sainis
• Jats
• Ahir clans
• Ahirs

References

• "Hissar District". The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Vol. 13. Oxford at Clarendon Press. 1909. pp. 144–156. http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V13_150.gif. 
• Hisar City. Places and Personalities by M.M. Juneja 2004
• History of Hisar by M.M. Juneja 1989
• Hissar-i-Firuza by Mehrdad and Natalie Shokoohy 1987

• website for Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences is www.llruvas.edu.in

posted by Srikant Pareek

External links

• Official Website of Hisar
• CIRB, Hisar
• Hisar Portal