This article is about the municipality in West Bengal, India. For its namesake district, see
Hooghly district.
Chuchura Ghorir More clock tower
Hugli-Chuchura (also known as Huoghly-Chinsura or Chuchura) (Bengali: চূঁচূড়া) is a city in the state of West Bengal, India. It lies on the Hooghly River, 35 km north of Kolkata (Calcutta). It is located in the district of Hugli and is home to the district headquarters. Chuchura houses the Commissioner of the Burdwan Range. It forms a part of the Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) region.[1]
[edit] Etymology
Hugli-Chuchura was a municipality formed by the merging of two towns, Hugli and Chinsura, in 1865. The names are spelled in other ways including Hooghly, Hugli, Hughli, Ugulim (in portuguese), Chinsura, Chunchura, Chuchro and Chinsurah.
The Grand Trunk Road passes through the town. Chuchura and Hugli are historic stations on the Howrah-Burdwan main line of the Eastern Railway. Ferry services on the River Hugli serves as a link with the district of North 24 Parganas.
[edit] Geography
Hugli-Chuchura is located at 22°54′N 88°23′E / 22.90°N 88.39°E / 22.90; 88.39.[2]
[edit] History
The town of Hooghly-Chuchura was founded by the Portuguese in 1579, but the district has thousands of years of heritage in the form of the great kingdom of Bhurshut. The city flourished as a trading port and some religious structures were built. One such structure is a church dedicated to a charismatic statue of the Mother Mary brought by the Portugese.
In the 17th century, political disorder struck the city and the Mughal governor of Bengal expelled the Portuguese. The statue was lost in the river by the Portugese when fleeing. The statue was later found by the local people on the bank of the river. The arrested Portuguese were taken to Delhi where a death sentence of trampling by elephans was decreed. When the emperor Shah Jahan heard this he ordered the priests released and granted a piece of land on the bank of the river Hoogly where the statue of the Mother Mary was reestablished. There a church was constructed to house the statue, which still receives pilgims today. The church was renovated in 1980s and has been declared as a basilica by the authority of Rome.
In 1656 the Dutch erected a factory on the site of the town. At that time Kolkata was the principal settlement in Dutch Bengal, used as a base for the Dutch intra-Asian opium trade.
In 1759 a British force under Colonel Forde was attacked at the Battle of Chinsurah by the garrison of Chinsura on its march to Chandernagore. In less than half an hour the Dutch attackers were routed. In 1795, during the Napoleonic wars, the settlement was occupied by a British garrison. At the peace of 1814 it was restored to the Dutch. It was among the cessions in India made by the king of the Netherlands in 1825 in exchange for the British possessions in Sumatra.
Both Chinsurah and Hooghly played a role in the Bengal renaissance and the Indian independence movement. "Vande Mataram", India's national song, was composed by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay at Joraghat in Chinsurah. Nazrul Islam's revolutionary songs were penned while he was imprisoned by the British in Hooghly Jail.
[edit] Transportation
Hugli Chinsurah has two rail stations- Chinsurah (CNS) and Hooghly Ghat (HYG). Chinsurah railway station is well connected to Howrah, Bandel, Burdwan, and other cities. A few passenger and express trains stop at Chinsurah station. Hooghly Ghat station is situated just beside the Jubilee bridge. All the Bandel Naihati locals stop there.
Transportation within Chinsurah is mainly by bus, auto and rickshaw. Buses from the stand go to cities such as Memari, Tarakeswar, and Serampore. Chinsurah is linked to Naihati by ferry services.
[edit] Demographics
As of 2001[update] India census,[3] Hugli-Chinsurah had a population of 170,201. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Hugli-Chinsurah has an average literacy rate of 81%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 84%, and female literacy is 77%. In Hugli-Chinsurah, 8% of the population is under 6 years of age.
[edit] Temples, churches, and attractions
The basilica of the Holy-Rosary, Bandel
- Mondal Bari
- Temple of Shandeshwar
- Ghorir More (Edwardian clock tower)
- Diocese church
- Dutch cemetery
- Hooghly Imambarah
- Chinsurah Maidan (maath ground)
- Rup Nagar (maath)
- Temple of Mahishmardini
- District Court building
- Ghats on the Ganges (130)
- Anna Maria Sulivan Monument (ground fad center)
- Kazi Nazrul Karagar (jail)
- Jail khana maath (maath dual ground)
- Bandel Church (bacillica ground)
[edit] Schools
- Auxilium Convent School(established 1951), girls, English.
- Don Bosco School (established 1978), boys, English.
- Hooghly Gourhari Harijan Vidyamandir, co-ed.
- Hooghly Collegiate School (established 1812), boys, bangla, http://hooghlycollegiateschool.org/home.html
- Bikramnagar Haranath Nirada Sundari Ghosh Vidyamaidir(H.S), established 1964, co-ed, bangla.
- Hooghly Branch School (established 1834), boys, bangla.
- Deshbandhu Memorial boys High School, boys, bangla.
- Balika Bani Mandir, girls, bangla.
- Hooghly Duff High School(1849), boys, bangla.
- Jyotish Chandra Vidyapith, girls, bangla.
- Jyotish Chandra Vidyapith, boys, bangla.
- Balika Siksha Mandir, girls, bangla.
- Hooghly Binodini Girls High School, girls, bangla.
- Deshbandhu Memorial Girls High School, girls, bangla.
- Hooghly Modern School, co-ed, English.
- Techno India School, co-ed, English.
- Abbot Shishu Hall (established 1979, co-ed, English.
- Elite Co-Ed school Hooghly, co-ed, English.
- Bandel Vidyamandir, co-ed, bangla.
- Ramkrishna high school, co-ed, bangla.
- Hooghly Girls high school, girls, bangla.
- balika banimondir, girls, bangla.
- Bandel St.Johns High School, boys, bangla.
- Elite Ghutiabazar Mallikbati Paath Shala (established 1829), boys, bangla.
- Shib Chandra Shom training academy, boys, bangla.
- Around 66 junior schools.
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[edit] Colleges
- West Bengal Survey Engineering College
- Hooghly Mohsin College (established 1836)
- Hooghly Women's College
- Hooghly Institute of Technology
- Bengal School Of Technology
- Techno India College (established 2007)
- Hooghly Engineering and Technology College
- Technique Polytechnic Institute
- Modern Institute of Engineering and Technology
- ChandanNagar Institute of Management and Technology
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[edit] Notable residents
The town was home to Jyotish Chandra Ghosh (Mastar mashay), hailed as a guru by Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose. Notable figures associated with the town include Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay, Bhudeb Mukhopadhyay, Akshay Chandra Sarkar, and Dr. Murarimohan Mukherjee.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
[edit] External links
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Colonies of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815–1962)
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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