IND Fulton Street Line
| IND Fulton Street Line | |
|---|---|
The A and C trains are the only trains that serve the IND Fulton Street Line. The C train only serves the line north of Euclid Avenue, while the A train serves the entire line. |
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| Overview | |
| Type | Rapid transit |
| System | New York City Subway |
| Termini | Jay Street – MetroTech Ozone Park – Lefferts Boulevard |
| Stations | 22 |
| Operation | |
| Opened | 1915–1956 |
| Owner | City of New York |
| Operator(s) | New York City Transit Authority |
| Character | Underground (Brooklyn) Elevated (Queens) |
| Technical | |
| No. of tracks | 2-4 |
| Track gauge | 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) |
| Electrification | Direct Current traction |
The IND Fulton Street Line is a rapid transit line of the IND Division of the New York City Subway, extending from the Cranberry Street Tunnel under the East River through all of central Brooklyn to a terminus in Ozone Park, Queens. The IND Rockaway Line branches from it. It forms part of the A train, which runs express daytime and local late nights in the underground portion of the line. On the elevated portion of the line, the A train operates local along Liberty Avenue. The C train also runs local on the line at all times except late nights.
Contents |
[edit] General characteristics
The Fulton Street subway was the Independent System's main line from downtown Brooklyn to southern Queens. Construction was delayed by funding problems in the early 1930s, solved by federal Works Progress Administration funding starting in 1936. That lasted only a few years, as work on the last portions in Brooklyn was then stopped in 1942 shortly after the nation entered World War II. The portion continuing from east of Rockaway Avenue station to Crystal St, not far west of the future Euclid Ave station, was let in 1938, and the next portion in 1940.
After the war ended, workers and materials became available for civilian use again. The badly needed short run to a better terminal at East New York (now named Broadway Junction station) was finished in about a year, opening in December 1946. The last portion opened on 28 November 1948, running along Pennsylvania Ave and Pitkin Ave to the Euclid Avenue station just prior to the Queens border. It included access to a new train yard with access from Euclid Ave station.
While much of the line is four tracks, its only service into Manhattan is via the two-track Cranberry Street Tunnel. Manhattan-bound trains merge into the express tracks at the Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets station.
Under Fulton Street, the line is mainly single level. The Nostrand Avenue station is the exception with the express tracks on the upper level and local tracks on the lower level. This is partly because it was built while the old, now-demolished elevated line on the surface had to be supported.
The stations along Liberty Avenue in Queens, from 80th Street – Hudson Street through Ozone Park – Lefferts Boulevard, as well as the current 3-track elevated structure, were built for the BMT Fulton Street Line in 1915 as part of the BMT's portion of the Dual Contracts. The connection to the BMT was severed on April 26, 1956, and the IND was extended east (track direction south) from Euclid Avenue via a connecting tunnel and new intermediate station at Grant Avenue. The new service began on April 29, 1956.
[edit] Route
Entering Brooklyn via the Cranberry Street Tunnel as a two-track line, the Eighth Avenue Line travels east on Cranberry Street, then south on Jay Street. It becomes the Fulton Street line at an interlocking north of Jay Street – MetroTech while briefly running parallel with the IND Culver Line. It turns away from the Culver Line onto Schermerhorn Street to the six-track Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets station, which it shares with the Brooklyn–Queens Crosstown Line. The local tracks are unused at Hoyt-Schermerhorn, but are connected to the abandoned Court Street station (it is presently the site of the New York City Transit Museum). At this point it becomes a four-track system until Euclid Avenue.
The line continues east under Schermerhorn Street to the intersection of Schermerhorn, Third Avenue and Flatbush Avenue, and thence across it, onto Lafayette Avenue and then finally onto Fulton Street.
It leaves Fulton Street via Truxton Street, crosses Broadway, curves through a corner of the BMT East New York Yard, and crosses Jamaica Avenue onto Granville Payne Avenue. It turns east onto Pitkin Avenue to Euclid Avenue, where it interchanges with the Pitkin Avenue Yards.
A two-track ramp leads from the Euclid Ave station to the Grant Ave station. Past Grant Ave, the line becomes elevated, swinging somewhat north until it is over Liberty Avenue. Here it becomes a three-track line, with the center track coming from Pitkin Yard. Just past the Rockaway Boulevard Station, the Rockaway Line branches southward. The Fulton Street Line continues over Liberty Avenue to its terminus at Lefferts Boulevard.
[edit] Station listing
| Station service legend | |
|---|---|
| Stops all times | |
| Stops all times except late nights | |
| Stops late nights only | |
| Stops rush hours in the peak direction only | |
| Time period details | |
| Station | Tracks | Services | Opened | Transfers and notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Begins as continuation of IND Eighth Avenue Line express tracks (A with connecting tracks to IND Sixth Avenue Line local tracks (no regular service) |
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| Jay Street – MetroTech | express | A |
February 1, 1933 | IND Culver Line (F BMT Fourth Avenue Line (N |
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| Local tracks begin | |||||
| Court Street | local | April 9, 1936 | Closed 1946, reopened 1976 as the New York Transit Museum | ||
| Local tracks continue east from Court Street; Express tracks continue south then east from Jay Street – MetroTech | |||||
| Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets | all | A |
April 9, 1936 | IND Crosstown Line (G Local tracks & platforms between local and express tracks unused |
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| Lafayette Avenue | local | A |
April 9, 1936 | ||
| Clinton–Washington Avenues | local | A |
April 9, 1936 | ||
| Franklin Avenue | local | A |
April 9, 1936 | BMT Franklin Avenue Line (S |
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| Nostrand Avenue | all | A |
April 9, 1936 | local – lower level express – upper level |
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| Kingston–Throop Avenues | local | A |
April 9, 1936 | ||
| Utica Avenue | all | A |
April 9, 1936 | ||
| Ralph Avenue | local | A |
April 9, 1936 | ||
| Rockaway Avenue | local | A |
April 9, 1936 | ||
| Broadway Junction | all | A |
December 30, 1946 | BMT Canarsie Line (L BMT Jamaica Line (J |
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| Liberty Avenue | local | A |
November 28, 1948 | ||
| Van Siclen Avenue | local | A |
November 28, 1948 | ||
| Shepherd Avenue | local | A |
November 28, 1948 | ||
| Euclid Avenue | all | A |
November 28, 1948 | ||
| Express tracks end | |||||
| Grant Avenue | A |
April 29, 1956 | |||
| Single Express track begins (no regular service) | |||||
| 80th Street | local | A |
September 25, 1915[1] | ||
| 88th Street | local | A |
September 25, 1915[1] | ||
| Rockaway Boulevard | local | A |
September 25, 1915[1] | ||
| IND Rockaway Line splits (A |
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| 104th Street | local | A |
September 25, 1915[1] | ||
| 111th Street | local | A |
September 25, 1915[1] | ||
| Ozone Park – Lefferts Boulevard | A |
September 25, 1915[1] | |||
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d e f "New Elevated Line Opened for Queens" (PDF). The New York Times. September 26, 1915. http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?_r=1&res=9B01E4D6103CE733A25755C2A96F9C946496D6CF. Retrieved 2007-09-28.
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