Languages of Iberia

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Iberian languages is a generic term for the languages currently or formerly spoken in the Iberian Peninsula.

[edit] Historic languages

[edit] Pre-Roman languages

Main articles: Paleohispanic languages and Paleohispanic scripts

Pre-Roman languages of Iberia circa 300 BC

The following languages were spoken in the Iberian Peninsula before the Roman occupation and the spread of the Latin language.

Aquitanian (probably related or the same as Proto-Basque)
Proto-Basque
Tartessian
Sorothaptic
Iberian
Indo-European languages
- Hellenic
  - Ancient Greek
- Celtic languages
  - Celtiberian
  - Gallaecian
  - Lusitanian (disputed: either Celtic, Para-Celtic or non-Celtic)
Afro-Asiatic languages
- Semitic languages
  - Phoenician
    - Punic

[edit] Medieval languages

The following languages were spoken in the Iberian Peninsula in medieval times, following the fall of the Western Roman Empire.

Medieval Basque
Indo-European languages
- Germanic languages
  - Buri
  - Gothic
  - Suebian
  - Vandalic
- Italic languages
  - Latin
    - Astur-Leonese
    - Galician-Portuguese (Old Portuguese)
    - Old Provençal (Old Occitan)
    - Old Spanish
    - Mozarabic
    - Navarro-Aragonese
- Indo-Iranian languages
  - Scythian
    - Alanic
  - Romani
Afro-Asiatic languages
- Berber languages
- Semitic languages
  - Arabic languages
    - Classical Arabic
      - Andalusian Arabic
  - Jewish languages
    - Medieval Hebrew (based on Biblical Hebrew)
      - Sephardi Hebrew
      - Judaeo-Romance languages (also classified as Italic/Latin languages)
        
        Judaeo-Aragonese
        
        Judaeo-Catalan
        
        Judaeo-Portuguese
        
        Judaeo-Spanish

[edit] Modern languages

The following indigenous languages are currently spoken in the Iberian Peninsula.

[edit] By linguistic group

Language of the Iberian Peninsula (simplified).

Basque (isolate)
Indo-European languages
- Italic languages
  - Romance languages
    - Aragonese
    - Aranese (dialect of Gascon Occitan)
    - Astur-Leonese
      - Asturian
      - Cantabrian (co-dialect with Spanish)
      - Leonese
      - Mirandese
      - Extremaduran (co-dialect with Spanish)
    - Catalan
      - Eastern Catalan
        
        Northern Catalan
        
        Central Catalan
        
        Balearic
      - Western Catalan
        
        North-Western Catalan
        
        Valencian
        
        Ribagorçan (co-dialect with Aragonese)
        
        Benasquese (co-dialect with Aragonese and Gascon Occitan)
    - Galician-Portuguese
      - Galician
        
        Eonavian (co-dialect with Asturian)
      - Fala
      - Portuguese
        
        Portuguese dialects
    - Spanish (or Castilian)
      - Spanish dialects and varieties
- Germanic languages
  - Anglic
    - English (Gibraltar)
Mixed languages
- Caló (Ibero-Romance Romani)
- Erromintxela (Basque Romani)
- Barranquenho
- Llanito
Sign Languages

[edit] By country

Andorra:
- Catalan (official recognition)
- Spanish
- French
- Portuguese
Gibraltar (UK dependency):
- English (official recognition)
- British Sign Language^[1]
- Spanish
- Llanito
Portugal:
- Portuguese (official recognition)
  - Barranquenho (spoken in the town of Barrancos, near Portuguese–Spanish border)
- Portuguese Sign Language (official recognition)
- Mirandese (only spoken in a small eastern area of the Norte region, near Portuguese-Spanish border; official recognition)
Spain:
- Spanish (also called Castilian, official recognition)
- Spanish Sign Language (official recognition)
- Catalan (called Valencian in the Valencian Community, official recognition)
- Catalan/Valencian Sign Language (official recognition)
- Galician (official recognition), Eonavian and Fala
- Basque (official recognition)
- Aragonese (official recognition)
- Occitan (locally called Aranese, official recognition)
- Asturian (also called Bable, official recognition)
- Cantabrian
- Leonese (official recognition)
- Extremaduran

[edit] Usage of co-official languages in Spain

Map of co-official languages in Spain

Mother tongues in the Spanish autonomous communities with co-official languages
(percentage of the total population)^[2]^{[dubious – discuss]}
Autonomous community	Co-official languages	Castilian native speakers	Co-official languages native speakers	Bilingual speakers	Other language speakers
Balearic Islands	Catalan	47.7%	42.6%	1.8%	7.9%
Basque Country	Basque	76.1%	18.8%	5.1%	n/d
Catalonia	Catalan & Aranese	55.0%	31.7%^[3]	3.8%	9.6%
Galicia	Galician	30.1%	52.0%	16.3%	1.6%
Navarre	Basque	89.0%	7.0%	2.0%	2.0%
Valencian Community	Valencian (Catalan)	60.8%	28.8%	9.5%	0.8%

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

[edit] References

^ Launch of British Sign Language in Gibraltar.
^ Datos de lengua materna: Cataluña (2008), Baleares (2003),^{[dead link]} Galicia (2003), País Vasco (2001), Navarra (2001) y Comunidad Valenciana (2007).^{[not in citation given]}
^ Includes Catalan (31.6%) and Aranese (0.1%) native speakers.

[0] Launch of British Sign Language in Gibraltar.

[1] Datos de lengua materna: Cataluña (2008), Baleares (2003),^{[dead link]} Galicia (2003), País Vasco (2001), Navarra (2001) y Comunidad Valenciana (2007).^{[not in citation given]}

[2] Includes Catalan (31.6%) and Aranese (0.1%) native speakers.

[1]

[2]

[3]

Languages of Iberia

Contents

[edit] Historic languages

[edit] Pre-Roman languages

[edit] Medieval languages

[edit] Modern languages

[edit] By linguistic group

[edit] By country

[edit] Usage of co-official languages in Spain

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

[edit] References

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