Ice IX

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Ice IX is a metastable form of solid water stable at temperatures below 140 K and pressures between 200 and 400 MPa. It has a tetragonal crystal lattice and a density of 1.16 g/cm³, 26% higher than ordinary ice. It is formed by cooling ice III from 208 K to 165 K (rapidly to avoid forming ice II). Its structure is identical to ice III other than being proton-ordered.

Ordinary water ice is known as ice I_h in the Bridgman nomenclature. Different types of ice, from ice II to ice XV, have been created in the laboratory at different temperatures and pressures.

[edit] In fiction

Ice-nine is a fictional material conceived by writer Kurt Vonnegut in his 1963 novel Cat's Cradle.

[edit] See also

• Ice for other crystalline forms of ice

[edit] References

• Bridgman, P. W. (1937) J. Chem. Phys. 5, 964.
• Chaplin, Martin (2007-11-11). "Ice-three and ice-nine structures". Water Structure and Science. http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/ice_iii.html. Retrieved 2008-01-02. 

[edit] External links

• London South Bank University Report

v • d • e Crystalline forms of ice Ih • Ic • II • III • IV • V • VI • VII • VIII • IX • X • XI • XII • XIII • XIV • XV

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