Ice cream cone
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An ice cream cone, poke or cornet is a dry, cone-shaped pastry, usually made of a wafer similar in texture to a waffle, which enables ice cream to be held in the hand and eaten without a bowl or spoon. Various types of ice cream cones include waffle cones, cake cones (or wafer cones), pretzel cones, sugar cones and chocolate-coated cones.
A variety of double cone exists that allows two scoops of ice cream to be served side by side. Ice cream cones may also be made with a flat bottom instead of the pointed lower part, enabling the ice cream and 'cone' to stand upright on a surface without support. These types of wafer cups are called kiddie cups, cake cones or cool cups.
In Britain and Ireland, a '99' is the term for a vanilla ice cream cone with a Cadbury's chocolate flake pressed into the ice cream.
[edit] History
Edible cones were mentioned in French cooking books as early as 1825, when Julien Archambault described how one could roll a cone from "little waffles".[1] Another printed reference to an edible cone is in Mrs A. B. Marshall’s Cookery Book, written in 1888 by Agnes B. Marshall (1855–1905) of England. Her recipe for "Cornet with Cream" said that "the cornets were made with almonds and baked in the oven, not pressed between irons". [2][3]
In the United States, ice cream cones were popularized in the first decade of the 20th century. On December 13, 1903, a New Yorker named Italo Marchiony received U.S. patent No. 746971 for a mold for making pastry cups to hold ice cream; he claimed that he has been selling ice cream in edible pastry holders since 1896. Contrary to popular belief,[attribution needed] his patent was not for a cone and he lost the lawsuits that he later filed against cone manufacturers for patent infringement.
During the 1904 St. Louis Worlds Fair, The Banner Creamery's owner George Bang was selling ice cream. Allegedly, he ran out of bowls and was given rolled-up waffles to serve it in instead.
The earliest cones were rolled by hand, but in 1912, Frederick Bruckman, an inventor from Portland, Oregon, patented a machine for rolling ice cream cones. He sold his company to Nabisco in 1928, which is still producing ice cream cones as of 2012. Independent ice-cream providers such as Ben & Jerry's make their own cones.
In 1928, J.T. "Stubby" Parker of Fort Worth, Texas created an ice cream cone that could be stored in a grocer's freezer, with the cone and the ice cream frozen together as one item. He formed The Drumstick Company in 1931 to market the product, and in 1991 the company was purchased by Nestle. In 1959, Spica, an Italian ice cream manufacturer based in Naples, invented a process whereby the inside of the waffle cone was insulated from the ice cream by a layer of oil, sugar and chocolate. Spica registered the name Cornetto in 1960. Initial sales were poor, but in 1976 Unilever bought out Spica and began a mass-marketing campaign throughout Europe. Cornetto is now one of the most popular ice creams in the world.
[edit] See also
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[edit] References
- ^ Julien Archambault, Le Cuisinier économe ou Élémens nouveaux de cuisine, de pâtisserie et d'office, Librairie du commerce, Paris, 1825, page 346.
- ^ Stradley, Linda. "History of Ice Cream Cone". What's Cooking America. http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/IceCream/IceCreamCone.htm. Retrieved 2008-05-13.
- ^ Weir, Robert. "An 1807 Ice Cream Cone: Discovery and Evidence". Historic Food. http://www.historicfood.com/Ice%20Cream%20Cone.htm. Retrieved 2008-05-13.
