In Through the Out Door

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In Through the Out Door
In Through the Out Door cover
Cover of the album wrapped in paper
Studio album by Led Zeppelin
Released 15 August 1979
Recorded November–December 1978, Polar Studios, Stockholm, Stockholm County, Sweden
Genre Hard rock
Length 42:25
Language English
Label Swan Song
Producer Jimmy Page
Professional reviews
Led Zeppelin chronology
Presence
(1976)		 In Through the Out Door
(1979)		 Coda
(1982)
Singles from In Through the Out Door
  1. "Fool in the Rain/Hot Dog"
    Released: 7 December 1979
Alternate cover 1
Woman leaning on the wall perspective
Woman leaning on the wall perspective
Alternate cover 2
Man with wallet perspective
Man with wallet perspective
Alternate cover 3
Bartender's perspective
Bartender's perspective
Alternate cover 4
Woman at the bar perspective
Woman at the bar perspective
Alternate cover 5
Piano player perspective
Piano player perspective
Alternate cover 6
Woman at jukebox perspective
Woman at jukebox perspective

In Through the Out Door is the eighth and final studio album by English rock band Led Zeppelin. It was recorded over a three week period in November and December 1978 at ABBA's Polar Studios in Stockholm, Sweden, and released by Swan Song Records on 15 August 1979. In Through the Out Door was the band's sixth and final release to reach the top of the charts in America, and was the last recorded by the band before the death of drummer John Bonham in 1980.

Contents

[edit] Background

The album was named by the group to describe its recent struggles amidst the death of Robert Plant's son Karac in 1977, and the taxation exile the band took from the UK as a result of the Harold Wilson and James Callaghan administrations, which also adversely affected other major British bands of the time, such as The Rolling Stones. The exile resulted in the band being unable to tour on British soil for over two years, and trying to get back into the public mind was therefore like "trying to get in through the 'out' door."[1]

In contrast to previous Led Zeppelin albums, In Through the Out Door features much greater influence on the part of bassist and keyboardist John Paul Jones and vocalist Robert Plant, and relatively less from drummer John Bonham and guitarist Jimmy Page. Two songs from the album—"South Bound Saurez" and "All My Love"—were the only two original Led Zeppelin songs which Jimmy Page had no part in writing. With the exception of "Darlene," a Boogie-Woogie based song credited to all band members (which was eventually released on the 1982 album, Coda), Bonham did not receive writing credits for any of the songs recorded at Polar Studios. This diminished input by Page and Bonham is attributed to the two band members often not showing up on time at the recording studio, with Bonham struggling with alcoholism and Page battling heroin addiction.[2] As Jones said:

There were two distinct camps by then, and we [myself and Plant] were in the relatively clean one.[3]

Many of the songs were consequently put together by Plant and Jones during the day, with Page and Bonham adding their parts late at night.[4] According to Jones, this was

mainly because I had a new toy. I had this big new keyboard. And Robert and I just got to rehearsals early, basically... So Robert and I, by the time everybody turned up for rehearsals, we’d written three or four songs. So we started rehearsing those immediately, because they were something to be getting on with.[5]

Both Page and Bonham later expressed reservations about the album. In an interview he gave to Guitar World magazine in 1998, Page stated that he and Bonham:

... both felt that In Through the Out Door was a little soft. I wasn't really keen on "All My Love". I was a little worried about the chorus. I could just imagine people doing the wave and all of that. And I thought, that's not us. That's not us. In its place it was fine, but I wouldn't have wanted to pursue that direction in the future.[6]

Years later, Page elaborated that "we wanted, after In Through the Out Door, to make something hard-hitting and riff-based again. Of course, we never got to make that album."[7] He is also quoted as saying "It wasn't the most comfortable album. I think it was very transitional... a springboard for what could have been.[8]

Following the recording sessions at Polar Studios, the album was mixed at Page's personal studio at his home in Plumpton.[1] "Wearing and Tearing", "Ozone Baby" and "Darlene" were recorded during sessions for this album, but were dropped due to space constraints. All later appeared on Coda.

[edit] Album sleeve design

The original album featured an unusual gimmick: the album had an outer sleeve which was made to look like a plain brown paper bag, and the inner sleeve featured black and white line artwork which, if washed with a wet brush, would become permanently fully colored. There were also six different sleeves featuring a different pair of photos (one on each side; see images at right), and the external brown paper sleeve meant that it was impossible for record buyers to tell which sleeve they were getting. (There is actually a code on the spine of the album jacket, which indicated which sleeve it was—this could sometimes be seen while the record was still sealed.) The pictures all depicted the same scene in a bar (in which a man burns a Dear John letter), and each photo was taken from the separate point of view of someone who appeared in the other photos.

The album artwork was designed by Hipgnosis. Storm Thorgerson recalls the design in his book Eye of the Storm:

The sepia quality was meant to evoke a non-specific past and to allow the brushstroke across the middle to be better rendered in colour and so make a contrast. This self same brushstroke was like the swish of a wiper across a wet windscreen, like a lick of fresh paint across a faded surface, a new look to an old scene, which was what Led Zeppelin told us about their album. A lick of fresh paint, as per Led Zeppelin, and the music on this album... It somehow grew in proportion and became six viewpoints of the same man in the bar, seen by the six other characters. Six different versions of the same image and six different covers.[9]

In 1980, Hipgnosis was nominated for a Grammy Award in the category of best album package for In Through the Out Door.[10]

[edit] Release

The album was intended to be released prior to the band's twin concerts at Knebworth in 1979, but production delays meant that it was released shortly after their performances at this event. Plant jokingly referred to the delays at times during the performance on August 4.

Despite receiving poor reviews,[1][11] the album went to #1 on Billboard's chart in its second week on the chart. On this album's release, Led Zeppelin's entire catalogue made the Billboard 200 between the weeks of 23 October and 3 November 1979, an unprecedented feat.[1] The album remained on the US top spot for seven weeks and sold three million copies by the end of September 1979.[11] To date, the album has sold six million copies in the US.

In Through the Out Door was Led Zeppelin's final album to be released while the band was together. Drummer John Bonham died the next year on 25 September 1980.

[edit] Accolades

Publication Country Accolade Year Rank
American Music Award United States Favorite Pop/Rock Album[12] 1980 Nominee

[edit] Track listing

Side one
# Title Writer(s) Length
1. "In the Evening"   Jones, Page, Plant 6:49
2. "South Bound Saurez"   Jones, Plant 4:12
3. "Fool in the Rain"   Jones, Page, Plant 6:12
4. "Hot Dog"   Page, Plant 3:17
Side two
# Title Writer(s) Length
1. "Carouselambra"   Jones, Page, Plant 10:32
2. "All My Love"   Jones, Plant 5:51
3. "I'm Gonna Crawl"   Jones, Page, Plant 5:30

[edit] Sales chart performance

Album
Chart (1979) Peak Position
Japanese Albums Chart[13] 2
Swedish Albums Chart[14] 17
UK Albums Chart[15] 1
US Cash Box Top 100 Albums[16] 1
US Record World Album Chart[17] 1
US Billboard 200[18] 1
Norwegian Albums Chart[19] 14
Austrian Album Charts[20] 20
Canadian RPM Top 100 Albums Chart[21] 1
New Zealand Top 50 Albums Chart[22] 1
Australian Kent Music Report Albums Chart 3
German Albums Chart[23] 28
Spanish Albums Chart[24] 5
French Albums Chart[25] 7
Singles
Year Single Chart Position
1980 "Fool in the Rain" Billboard Hot 100 21[26]

[edit] Sales certifications

Album
Country Sales Certification
Argentina (CAPIF) 30,000+ Gold[27]
United States (RIAA) 6,000,000+ 6× Platinum[28]
United Kingdom (BPI) 300,000+ Platinum[29]
Australia (ARIA) 140,000+ 2× Platinum[30]

[edit] Personnel

Led Zeppelin
Additional personnel

[edit] Catalogue

  • (US) Swan Song SS16002
  • (UK) Swan Song SSK59410

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c d Dave Lewis (2003), Led Zeppelin: Celebration II: The 'Tight But Loose' Files, London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 1-84449-056-4, pp. 49, 63, 80.
  2. ^ Aizelwood, John, "Closing Time", Q Magazine Special Led Zeppelin edition, 2003, p. 94.
  3. ^ Gilmore, Mikal (10 August 2006). "The Long Shadow of Led Zeppelin". Rolling Stone (1006). http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/11027261/the_long_shadow_of_led_zeppelin/print. Retrieved on 2007-12-09. 
  4. ^ Snow, Mat, “The Secret Life of a Superstar”, Mojo magazine, December 2007.
  5. ^ David Cavanagh, "Interview with John Paul Jones", Uncut.
  6. ^ Brad Tolinski and Greg Di Bendetto, "Light and Shade", Guitar World, January 1998.
  7. ^ Charles Shaar Murray, “The Guv’nors'”, Mojo, August 2004, p. 75.
  8. ^ Liner notes for the Led Zeppelin boxed set.
  9. ^ Thorgerson, Storm (1999). Eye of the Storm: The Album Graphics of Storm Thorgerson. pp. 34,35. ISBN 978-1860742590. 
  10. ^ "Grammy Award for Best Album Package (Hipgnosis) - 27 February 1980". Grammy. http://www.super70s.com/Super70s/Music/1979/Grammys.asp. Retrieved on 2009-02-10. 
  11. ^ a b Chris Welch (1994) Led Zeppelin, London: Orion Books. ISBN 0-85797-930-3, pp. 89-90.
  12. ^ "Favorite Pop/Rock Album - 18 January 1980". rockonthenet. http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/1980/amas.htm. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  13. ^ "Top 100 Albums - 25 August 1979". Oricon. http://www.oricon.co.jp/. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  14. ^ "Top 60 Albums - 7 September 1979". swedishcharts.com. http://swedishcharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Led+Zeppelin&titel=In+Through+The+Outdoor&cat=a. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  15. ^ "Top 100 Albums - 8 September 1979". chartstats.com. http://www.chartstats.com/albuminfo.php?id=4714. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  16. ^ "Top 100 Albums - 8 September 1979". Cash Box. http://msdb.hp.infoseek.co.jp/cb&bb/album%20no1/1979.htm. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  17. ^ "Top Pop Albums - 8 September 1979". Record World. http://www.geocities.com/muggy59/RWPOPLPS1975THRU1979.html. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  18. ^ "The Billboard 200 - 15 September 1979". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/esearch/chart_display.jsp?cfi=305&cfgn=Albums&cfn=The+Billboard+200&ci=3069561&cdi=8761414&cid=09%2F15%2F1979. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  19. ^ "Top 20 Albums - 16 September 1979". norwegiancharts.com. http://norwegiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Led+Zeppelin&titel=In+Through+The+Outdoor&cat=a. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  20. ^ "Top 75 Albums - 15 October 1979". austriancharts.at. http://austriancharts.at/showitem.asp?interpret=Led+Zeppelin&titel=In+Through+The+Outdoor&cat=a. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  21. ^ "RPM Albums Chart - 3 November 1979". RPM. http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?brws_s=1&file_num=nlc008388.6859a&volume=32&issue=6&issue_dt=November%2003%201979&type=1&interval=24&PHPSESSID=hrg50o22lgammqcogv27ve6d95. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  22. ^ Scapolo, Dean (2007). "Top 50 Albums - November 1979". The Complete New Zealand Music Charts (1st ed.). Wellington: Transpress. ISBN 1-877443-00-8. 
  23. ^ "Top 100 Albums - November 1979". charts-surfer.de. http://www.charts-surfer.de/musiksearch.php. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  24. ^ "Top 100 Albums - 15 December 1979". PROMUSICAE. http://www.promusicae.es/english.html. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  25. ^ "Top 100 Albums - 1979". infodisc.fr. http://www.infodisc.fr/B-CD_1979.php. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  26. ^ [1]
  27. ^ "CAPIF: Led Zeppelin - 1993". CAPIF. http://www.capif.org.ar/Default.asp?PerDesde_MM=0&PerDesde_AA=0&PerHasta_MM=0&PerHasta_AA=0&interprete=Led+Zeppelin&album=&LanDesde_MM=0&LanDesde_AA=0&LanHasta_MM=0&LanHasta_AA=0&Galardon=O&Tipo=1&ACCION2=+Buscar+&ACCION=Buscar&CO=5&CODOP=ESOP. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  28. ^ "RIAA.org In Through the Out Door - 25 November 1997". RIAA. http://www.riaa.org/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=SEARCH_RESULTS. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  29. ^ "BPI In Through the Out Door certification - 19 November 2004". BPI. http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=31848. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 
  30. ^ "ARIA Album Accreditations - 31 December 2007". ARIA. http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesARIACharts-Accreditations-2007Albums.htm. Retrieved on 2009-01-19. 

[edit] External links

Preceded by
The Best Disco Album in the World by various artists		 UK Albums Chart number one album
8–22 September 1979		 Succeeded by
The Pleasure Principle by Gary Numan
Preceded by
Get the Knack by The Knack		 Billboard 200 number-one album
15 September – 2 November 1979		 Succeeded by
The Long Run by Eagles
v • d • e
In Through the Out Door
v • d • e
Led Zeppelin
John Bonham · John Paul Jones · Jimmy Page · Robert Plant
Studio albums
Live albums
Compilations
Singles
Films
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Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_Through_the_Out_Door"
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