Indonesian Navy
| Indonesian Navy | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Founded | 1945 |
| Country |  Indonesia |
| Type | Navy |
| Role | Defence, Patrol and Dominance of Indonesian's coastlines, seas and its territories |
| Size | 74,000 personnel more than 150 ships |
| Motto | Jalesveva Jayamahe (Sanskrit, lit:"Victorious on the Sea") |
| Anniversaries | 22 August 1945 (founded) |
| Engagements | World War II Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation Incorporation of West Papua into Indonesia |
| Commanders | |
| Navy Chief of Staff | Admiral Soeparno |
| Insignia | |
| Naval Jack |  |
| Naval Aviation Roundel |  |
The Indonesian Navy (Indonesian: Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut, TNI–AL) was founded in August 22, 1945. Its role is to patrol Indonesia's immense coastline, to ensure safeguard the territorial waters and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of Indonesia, to protect Indonesia's maritime strategic interests, to protect the islands surrounded Indonesia and to defend against seaborne threats. The Indonesian Navy is the largest navy in the region of South East Asia. It currently aims to become the most technologically advanced navy in the region.
All commissioned ships of the TNI-AL have the prefix KRI (Kapal Perang Republik Indonesia), which means Republic of Indonesia warship. As of 2008, the Indonesian Navy has about 74,000 active personnel and more than 150 naval warships including attack submarines.
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[edit] History
The Indonesian Navy was formed on August 22, 1945. It was formed as the Agency of the People’s Security Sea Service (Badan Keamanan Rakyat-Laut). Later on October 5, 1945, BKR Laut became known as Angkatan Laut Republik Indonesia (ALRI). This was later changed to Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut (TNI-AL) in the 1970s.
Total personnel of the Indonesian Navy was estimated at 74,000 in 2008.[citation needed] The Indonesian Navy purchased a number of ships of the Parchim, Frosch and Kondor Class from the former East German Navy in the 1990s. Navy vessels include KRI Cobra and others. In 2006, Indonesian Navy purchased 2 sets of Yakhont missiles and 20 BMP-3F amphibious light tanks with option of 100 more BMP-3 from Russia. Indonesia also plans to buy landing craft from Russia.
The Indonesian Navy is modernizing its fleet. New corvettes ordered from Netherlands are being added.[1] The Navy also plans to induct 60 patrol vessels within a decade to maintain adequate force level while replacing obsolete ships in service. This will help in the fight against sea piracy and other maritime crime.[2]
[edit] Organization
The navy comprises the following:
- Headquarters Staff (HQ, Jakarta) under the overall command of the Navy Chief of Staff,
- Two Fleet Commands :
- Several Naval Main Bases and Naval Bases throughout Indonesia. Apart from the major bases at Surabaya and Jakarta, forward operating bases exist at Kupang, West Timor and Tahuna, Sulawesi.
- Marine Corps,
- Naval Air Service,
- Military Sealift Command - coordinates the navy's logistical support systems.
Plans exist to have a single HQ at Surabaya, with commands at Riau (West), Papua (East), and Makassar (Central).[3]
[edit]
- Komando Pasukan Katak - the primary special operations force of the Indonesian Navy. They are recruited from navy sailors, and they are commonly called as "FROG MAN".
- Kompi Intai Para Amfibi - the Marine Corps' Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion, which also has capability as para-commando. They are recruited from marines corps.
- Detasemen Jala Mangkara - special operations forces of the Indonesian Navy. It is a combined detachment formed from selected personnel of the Navy's Underwater Special Unit (Kopaska) and the Marine Corps' Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion (KIPAM aka Yontaifib).
[edit]
The majority of the vessels in the Indonesian navy are from the Netherlands and Britain. However, since 2003, Indonesian shipyards have producde many of their own small vessels, in particular those of smaller displacement like patrol boats and fast attack crafts. Recently, two Makassar class LPDs have been launched by PT. PAL, with assistance from Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co.(DSME) of South Korea, and there are a plans to build indigenous missile-armed corvettes (Kornas).
[edit]
In the 1960s, the Indonesian Navy Naval Aviation had a long-range strike capability with Indonesian Navy had Il-28 medium bombers. In 1975-79, the Dinas Penerbangan Angkatan Laut (Naval Aviation Service) received 12 GAF Nomad Searchmaster B's and six Searchmaster L twin-turboprops to form a maritime patrol Squadron (800 Skwadron).[4] In mid 1996 six NC.212-MPAs also join the squadron. All aircraft fly from the Naval headquarters base of Surabaya, but detachments are at times sent to Tanjung pinang and Manado.
[edit] Current Aircraft Inventory
| Aircraft | Origin | Role | Versions | In service | Note | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trainer Aircraft | |||||||
| Socata TB |  France |
Basic Prop Trainer | TB-9 Tampico GT
TB-10 Tobago GT |
4
5 |
|||
| Transport Aircraft | |||||||
| Beech Bonanza |  United States |
Light Transport | G-33 Bonanza | 3 | |||
| de Havilland Canada DHC-5 Buffalo |  Canada |
VIP Transport | DHC-5D Buffalo | 2 | |||
| GAF Nomad |  Australia |
Light Transport | N.24 Nomad | 24 | |||
| CASA C-212 Aviocar | Indonesia |
Maritime Patrol & Tactical Transport | NC-212 MPA | 12 | |||
| Helicopter | |||||||
| MBB BO 105 |  Germany |
Utility | NBO-105 | 2 | |||
| Eurocopter EC-120 Colibri | France |
Utility | EC-120B Colibri | 3 | |||
| Mil Mi-2 Hoplite |  Soviet Union |
Utility | Mi-2A | 2 | |||
| Eurocopter Super Puma | France |
VIP\ASW | AS 332F | 5 | Licensed production by Indonesian Aerospace | ||
| Bell 412 | Canada/ United States |
Utility | Bell 412EP | 8 | Licensed production by Indonesian Aerospace | ||
[edit] Indonesian Marines
The Korps Marinir are the Indonesian Navy's ground troops. It was created on November 15, 1945 and has the duties of being the main amphibious warfare force and quick reaction force of defence against enemy invasion.
[edit] Ongoing Projects
Ideally, the Navy should have 250 ships, and it has a blue print up to 2024.[6]
In April 2011, PT PAL, in cooperation with Netherlands' Naval Shipbuilding, started designing a new light corvette for ASW purposes. It will be the largest warship built by PT PAL.[7]
At the same time, Indonesian Navy has accepted a grant of 2 used patrol boats equipped with guided missiles made in Britain from Brunei after upgrading itself with newer vessels. [8]
June 2011: After rejecting the Russian submarine offering, due to the fact of being too big for an archipelagic country, Indonesia will pick one of three countries offerings: French Scorpène, Germany Type 209 and South Korea Chang Bogo class Type 209.[9]
December 2011: A contract to build 3 submarines was signed by Indonesian party and Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering (DSME). 2 submarines will be built in South Korea in cooperation with Indonesian state-owned shipbuilder PT PAL, while the third will be built at PT Pal's facilities. The contract was worth $1.07 billion and construction would start in January 2012 and expected deliveries in 2015 and 2016. The submarines would weigh 1,400 tons and be 61.3 meters long to carry up to 40 crewmembers and have 8 weapons tubes for torpedoes and other weapons. The procurement is an effort to keep pace with other countries in the region and not to match them.[10]
January 2012: The Navy had confirmed the order for the 24 guided-missile fast boats to be deployed in shallow waters in the western part of Indonesia and in North Sulawesi which are geographically dotted by small islands and divided by straits. Indonesia has 2 KCR-40s (Kapal Cepat Rudal 40-meter) and the third has being built. KCR-40s was 45 percent locally sourced and is designed and built solely locally, worth Rp 73 billion ($7.98 million) each and has a top speed of 30 knots. The boats are provided with Chinese C-705 anti-ship missiles with a range up to 120 kilometers, a 6-barrel 30-millimeter close-in weapons system and 2 20-millimeters guns.[11][12][13]
[edit] Integrated Maritime Surveillance Systems
With various coast-line radars, Indonesia has the world's longest Integrated Maritime Surveillance Systems (IMSS). The network covers more than 1,205 kilometers of coastline in the Straits of Malacca and about 1,285 kilometers of coastline in the Sulawesi Sea.[14]
[edit] References
- ^ Indonesian navy receives first corvette from Netherlands
- ^ Indonesian Navy plans fleet expansion
- ^ IISS Military Balance 2007, p.353
- ^ World Aircraft Information Files Brightstar publishing London File 333 Sheet 1
- ^ http://www.milaviapress.com/orbat/indonesia/index.php
- ^ http://beritamanado.com/2011/07/12/idealnya-tni-butuh-250-kri-amankan-laut-indonesia/
- ^ http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/03/23/indonesia-looks-build-its-own-warships.html
- ^ http://www.antaranews.com/en/news/69917/tni-considering-two-patrol-boats-from-brunei
- ^ http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/06/06/navy-shopping-new-submarines.html
- ^ "December 22, 2011 - RI orders 3 submarines worth $1b in regional ‘catch-up’". http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/12/22/ri-orders-3-submarines-worth-1b-regional-catch.html.
- ^ "Navy to procure 24 fast boats to patrol shallow waters". January 5, 2012. http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/01/05/navy-procure-24-fast-boats-patrol-shallow-waters0.html.
- ^ http://navaltoday.com/2011/04/26/indonesia-defense-minister-launches-kri-clurit/
- ^ http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/04/25/bank-mandiri-finances-missile-boats.html
- ^ Integrated Maritime Surveillance Systems
[edit] External links
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