Integrated Project Delivery

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[edit] Introduction

The Construction Industry has suffered from a productivity decline since the 1960's[1] while all other non-farm industries have seen large boosts in productivity. The problems in contemporary construction include buildings that are behind schedule and over budget as well as adverse relations among the owner, general contractor, and architect. Using ideas developed by Toyota in their Toyota Production System and computer technology advances[2], the Integrated Project Delivery method is designed to solve these key construction problems. The new focus in IPD is the final value created for the owner, the finished building. Rather than each participant focusing exclusively on their part of construction without considering the implications on the whole process, the IPD method brings all participants together early with collaborative incentives to maximize value for the owner. This collaborative approach allows informed decision making early in the project where the most value can be created. The close collaboration eliminates a great deal of waste in the design, and allows data sharing directly between the design and construction team eliminating a large barrier to increased productivity in construction.[3]

[edit] Definition

Integrated Project Delivery (abbreviated IPD), is a project delivery method that integrates people, systems, business structures and practices into a process that collaboratively harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to optimize project results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication, and construction.[4][5]

There are eight main sequential phases to the Integrated Project Delivery method:[6]

  • Conceptualization phase [Expanded Programming]
  • Criteria design phase [Expanded Schematic Design]
  • Detailed Design phase [Expanded Design Development]
  • Implementation Documents phase [Construction Documents]
  • Agency Review phase
  • Buyout phase
  • Construction phase
  • Closeout phase

[edit] History

Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) - a registered business mark by Lean Construction Institute with the US PTO - is a delivery system that seek to align interests, objectives and practices, even in a single business, through a team-based approach. The team primary Team Members would include the Architect, key technical consultants as well as a general contractor and key subcontractors.

The first working definition of IPD was established in May 2007 by the IPD Definition Task Group comprising representatives from the following owners, architects, contractors, engineers and lawyers: UCSF Medical Center, Hanson Bridgett LLP, ACCO Engineered Systems, Rutherford & Chekene, Webcor Builders, Mcgraw-Hill Construction, Alternative Delivery Solutions LLC, Onuma Inc., Anshen + Allen, American Institute of Architects California Council, DCA Architecture Construction, WLC Architects, Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, Flewelling & Moody Architects, MCG Architects, Michael Hricak & Associates.[7]

IPD combines ideas from Integrated Practice[8] and Lean Construction to solve several problems in contemporary construction such as low productivity and waste, time overruns, quality issues, and conflicts during construction among the key stakeholders of owner, architect and contractor. The growing use of Building Information Modeling in the construction industry is allowing far greater information collaboration between project participants using IPD and considered an important tool to increasing productivity throughout the construction process.

Construction-non-farm-labor 1964-2003.jpg

Unlike the Design-Build project delivery method which places the Contractor in the leading role on a building project, IPD represents a return to the "Master Builder" concept where the entire building team including the owner, architect, general contractor, building engineers, fabricators, and subcontractors work collaboratively throughout the construction process.

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ "Why Construction Industry Productivity is Declining". Steven G. Allen, National Bureau of Economic Research no. 1555, Feb., 1985. http://ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/1555.html. Retrieved 2008-11-17. 
  2. ^ "Integrated Project Delivery builds a brave, new BIM world". Building Design+Construction, April 1, 2008. http://www.bdcnetwork.com/index.asp?layout=article&articleid=CA6547987. Retrieved 2008-11-18. 
  3. ^ "Cost Analysis of Inadequate Interoperability in the U.S. Capital Facilities Industry". U.S. Department of Commerce Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Aug., 2004. http://www.bfrl.nist.gov/oae/publications/gcrs/04867.pdf. Retrieved 2008-11-18. 
  4. ^ "Integrated Project Delivery - A Working Definition". American Institute of Architects California Council May 15, 2007. http://images.autodesk.com/adsk/files/ipd_definition_doc_final_with_supplemental_info.pdf. Retrieved 2008-11-13. 
  5. ^ "Integrated Project Delivery - An Example Of Relational Contracting". Lean Construction Institute Nov. 18, 2004. http://www.leanconstruction.org/files/LCI_Symposium/Relational_Contracting_18Nov04/Relational_PPT/4-OwensINTEGRATEDPROJECTDELIVERY.ppt. Retrieved 2008-11-13. 
  6. ^ "Integrated Project Delivery: A Guide". American Institute of Architects 2007 version 1. http://www.aia.org/ipdg. Retrieved 2008-11-13. 
  7. ^ "Integrated Project Delivery: A Working Definition". Integrated Project Delivery Definition Task Group, May 15, 2007. http://www.ipd-ca.net/images/Integrated%20Project%20Delivery%20Definition.pdf. Retrieved 2008-11-17. 
  8. ^ "* Integrated practice in perspective: A new model for the architectural profession". Architectural Record, May, 2007. http://archrecord.construction.com/practice/projDelivery/0705proj-1.asp. Retrieved 2008-11-17. 

[edit] Selected articles on Integrated Project Delivery

[edit] External links

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