International Limited

For the named passenger train operated by the Great Northern Railway, see International (train).

International Limited
A Via Rail EMD F40PH leads the International into East Lansing in 1996.
Overview
Type	Inter-city rail
System	Amtrak
Locale	Midwestern United States Eastern Ontario
Termini	Chicago, Illinois, United States Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Operation
Opened	Before 1932
Closed	2004
Operator(s)	Amtrak/Via
Technical
Line length	502 mi (807.89 km)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Route map Legend 0 Chicago Illinois/Indiana border Indiana/Michigan border 89 mi (143 km) Niles 102 mi (164 km) Dowagiac 138 mi (222 km) Kalamazoo 160 mi (260 km) Battle Creek 208 mi (335 km) East Lansing 238 mi (383 km) Durand 256 mi (412 km) Flint 274 mi (441 km) Lapeer 319 mi (513 km) Port Huron Canada/United States border 321 mi (517 km) Sarnia 360 mi (580 km) Strathroy 380 mi (610 km) London 402 mi (647 km) St. Marys 413 mi (665 km) Stratford 439 mi (707 km) Kitchener 453 mi (729 km) Guelph 472 mi (760 km) Georgetown 480 mi (770 km) Brampton 487 mi (784 km) Malton 502 mi (808 km) Toronto

CN/GTW International Limited route
Legend Bonaventure Station, Montreal Quebec/Ontario border Toronto Union Station, Toronto Hamilton London Railway Station, London Windsor Railway Station, Windsor Canada/United States border Detroit, Michigan Michigan/Indiana border Indiana/Illinois border Dearborn Station, Chicago

The International Limited was a named passenger train operated between Chicago and Toronto, Ontario. It was originally operated by Canadian National and Grand Trunk Western. When the route was revived in 1982, it was operated jointly by Via Rail and Amtrak. The Amtrak service was discontinued on April 25, 2004, due to decreasing ridership: down from 125,126 in 1997 to just 88,045 in 2003

History

CN/GTW operation

International Limited operating on the Grand Trunk, ca. 1909

When the Canadian National and Grand Trunk Western controlled the operations of train number 14, the International Limited, from Chicago's Dearborn Station to Montreal's Central Station, the train was around 12 cars long, including GTW & CNR Baggage-express cars (two), CNR Coaches (five), CNR named 12-1 Pullman Sleepers (three), CNR 8-1-2 named Pullman Sleeper (one), and last but not least, an unusual 2-3-1 Buffet, Lounge, Solarium from the CNR. It departed from Chicago's Dearborn Station at 8:00 pm behind a GTW U4-b 6400 Northern type steam locomotive. At Port Huron, St. Clair Tunnel Company electrics would pull the train through the tunnel to Sarnia, Ontario, where a CNR 5700 class Hudson (4-6-4 wheel arrangement) or a CNR 6400 class Streamlined Confederation (4-8-4 wheel arrangement) would take the train to Montreal. The 15 hour train ride left Chicago at 8:00 pm and arrived in Montreal at around 11:00 am the next morning. The train left daily stopping at Chicago, Sarnia, Toronto, and Montreal as well as a variety of other stops along the way. A second section operated in the opposite direction as train number, leaving Montreal and travelling to Chicago as, stopping at the same stations along the way running as train number 13. The Chicago to Montreal section is shown in the photograph behind a CNR 5700 class Hudson.

Amtrak/Via operation (International)

Amtrak and Via Rail revived the International Limited in 1982 by extending Amtrak's Blue Water Limited, which then terminated at Port Huron, to Toronto. In contrast to its predecessor it used ex-Penn Central west of Battle Creek, Michigan, in common with Amtrak's other Michigan trains. At the beginning both Amtrak and Via equipment was used; Amtrak typically using diesels and Amfleet coaches while Via used LRCs and Tempo coaches. The first train departed Chicago on October 31, 1982. On June 13, 1983 Amtrak renamed the train the International, which it carried until its discontinuance.

Via Rail re-routed the International off its original CN route in 1990 to a more northerly route. This new route enabled it to service Kitchener, Ontario but added an hour to its running time. Toward the end of the decade Amtrak considered running the train via Durand and Detroit, dropping Flint and Port Huron, but nothing came of this proposal.

The train consisted of two or three coaches and a food-service / custom class car combination. The train was powered alternately by a Via Rail or an Amtrak F40PH locomotive and the cars could be any combination of Amtrak's Heritage, Amfleet I and II, or Horizon Fleet coaches or by cars provided by Via. From Monday through Saturday, the opposing trains ran as Amtrak-Via train numbers 364 and 365. On Sundays however, they ran as train numbers 366 and 367. By 1995, both trains usually ran with a set of 4 to 5 Superliners.

In later years, Amtrak P42 locomotives replaced the F40s. In 2002, they mainly only consisted of Horizon Fleet and Amfleet coaches because the Superliner's were in for extensive renovation. The train was discontinued in 2004 due to falling ridership. Via Rail still runs trains on the route between Toronto and Sarnia, Ontario, while Amtrak replaced its portion of the service with the Chicago-Port Huron, Michigan Blue Water.

References

• Geletzke, Charles H. (May 2004). "Grand Trunk Western 6400s in Action". CN Lines: pp. 17–20. 
• Hediger, Jim, and Andy Sperandeo (May 2003). "8 Pike-Size Passenger Trains". Model Railroader (Kalmbach Publishing): pp. 48–53. 
• Holland, Kevin J (May 2004). "The Streamlined 6400s". CN Lines: pp. 10–16. 
• Sanders, Craig (2006). Amtrak in the Heartland. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-34705-X.