Interstellar Overdrive

"Interstellar Overdrive"
Song by Pink Floyd from the album The Piper at the Gates of Dawn
Released	August 5, 1967
Recorded	February-June 1967
Genre	Psychedelic rock, space rock, progressive rock, instrumental rock, hard rock, jam band, experimental rock
Length	9:41 16:52 (London '66–'67 version)
Label	Columbia/EMI (UK) Capitol (US)
Writer	Syd Barrett, Roger Waters, Rick Wright, Nick Mason
Producer	Norman Smith
The Piper at the Gates of Dawn track listing
"Take Up Thy Stethoscope and Walk" (6) "Interstellar Overdrive" (7) "The Gnome" (8 Relics track listing "Arnold Layne" (1) "Interstellar Overdrive" (2) "See Emily Play" (3) )

"Interstellar Overdrive" is a psychedelic composition written by Pink Floyd in 1966, which appears on their 1967 debut album The Piper at the Gates of Dawn at almost ten minutes in length. An earlier, longer recording, 16:52, can be heard on the soundtrack to the film Tonite Let's All Make Love in London, which was released in the same year. Other versions of the track appear on various bootleg recordings.

Background

"Interstellar Overdrive" was one of the first very psychedelic instrumental improvisations recorded by a rock band. It was seen as Pink Floyd's first foray into space rock (along with "Astronomy Domine", "Pow R. Toc H." and "Lucifer Sam"), although band members would later disparage this term. Despite its encapsulation of their concert repertoire under the leadership of guitarist and composer Syd Barrett, the long, improvisational, freeform structure of the piece is not particularly representative of the group's recorded output. As drummer Nick Mason states in his book Inside Out: A Personal History of Pink Floyd, live versions of the song featured many sections that did not appear on the album, and would often last more than 20 minutes. During the band's days playing in residence at London underground clubs such as the UFO (Underground Freak Out), the song usually opened their show. It occupied other positions, including the encore, until it was retired from the band's setlist in 1970.

Composition

The opening hook of the piece is a distorted, descending guitar riff, played by Syd Barrett, its composer, with Roger Waters on bass and Richard Wright on organ. Nick Mason's drums then kick in, and after the riff repeats itself a bit, the track turns into improvisation, including modal improvisations, flourishes on the Farfisa organ, and quiet interludes. The song gradually becomes almost structureless and in free-form tempo, punctuated only by strange guitar noises. Eventually, however, the entire band restates the main theme, which is repeated with decreasing tempo and more deliberate intensity.

This riff originated when early Pink Floyd manager Peter Jenner was trying to hum a song he could not remember the name of (most commonly identified as Love's cover of "My Little Red Book"). Barrett followed Jenner's humming with his guitar and used it as the basis for the principal melody of "Interstellar Overdrive". Roger Waters once told Barrett that the song's riff reminded him of the theme tune from Steptoe and Son (by Ron Grainer).

Recorded on March 16, 1967, with overdubs in June of that year, the Piper version also appears on the official compilation albums Relics and A Nice Pair.

Alternative and live versions

The studio recording on The Piper at the Gates of Dawn is the one that most listeners are familiar with, yet several other versions survive from both the recording studio and the stage. It was first recorded as a demo on 31 October 1966. Other alternative early versions that survive include one used as a backing track for a Canadian Broadcasting Company interview with the band in December 1966, two five-minute excerpts of versions performed at the UFO Club on 20 January and 24 February 1967, and a chaotic, late-Barrett era rendition recorded live in Rotterdam in November 1967. An earlier, 16-minute rendition (recorded for the film Tonite Lets All Make Love in London by Joe Boyd on 11 January 1967) may actually be superior in its more kinetic approach to the early sections, though it is perhaps more tedious and drawn-out as a whole. The soundtrack for Tonite Let's All Make Love in London (released in 1968) includes an edited version of the recording and two reprises of it. The full version is available on the album London '66–'67 (Snapper SMACD924X).

The song was a staple of Pink Floyd's live shows throughout the late-1960s; the last ever performance took place on February 1971. The 40th anniversary edition of The Piper at the Gates of Dawn contains two different, five-minute-long versions of the song.

The plethora of bootleg live recordings, with and without Barrett in the band, show that the band often improvised upon and changed the arrangement with each passing performance. One post-Barrett BBC radio broadcast, for example, is arguably superior to the studio version, introducing a wholly new middle section in which the keyboard melody dramatically rises and the guitars are pick-scraped for an almost "demonic" effect. The finale in performances from 1969 and 1970 features David Gilmour playing a metal bar slide across his guitar at the end of the piece, in a slower tempo than Barrett's frenetic slide work.

An especially powerful version of "Interstellar Overdrive" was cut from the Ummagumma live album. A tape of this performance recorded in Manchester on 2nd May 1969 surfaced in June 2009 to the delight of many fans.

"Interstellar Overdrive" has been covered by many artists, including Particle, Hawkwind, Camper Van Beethoven, The Melvins, Moe, Spiral Realms, Pearl Jam, Kylesa, The Mars Volta and Hijokaidan.

• John Frusciante mentioned in a recent interview given to radio station The End in Seattle that the Red Hot Chili Peppers led off their performance with "Interstellar Overdrive" on the night Syd Barrett died. The actual date of the performance was July 11, 2006 at Manchester MEN Arena. This was the date Barrett's death was announced, rather than the day of his death, July 7.
• The Mars Volta incorporated a cover of the song into their live shows as a tribute to Syd Barrett.
• Professional wrestling stable Generation Next used the cover version by The Melvins as their theme song which appears on their album Electroretard.
• Pearl Jam's Stone Gossard uses the "Interstellar Overdrive" riff on the song "Pigeon", released on his solo album Bayleaf. Pearl Jam is known to play the song on occasion, opening their 10-year anniversary concert in Las Vegas in 2000 with the song, as well as at the Reading Festival 2006, and several 2010 sets with a short rendition.
• Chris Robinson's New Earth Mud played the song once on December 7, 2002 at the Irving Plaza in New York City.

Trivia

• This song was considered for the album Echoes: The Best of Pink Floyd, but never made the final cut.^{[citation needed]}

Personnel

• Syd Barrett — guitar
• Richard Wright — organ
• Roger Waters — bass guitar
• Nick Mason — drums, percussion

External links

• AMG song review