Japanese Association of Independent Television Stations
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The Japanese Association of Independent Television Stations (全国独立UHF放送協議会 Zenkoku Dokuritsu Yū-eichi-efu Hōsō Kyōgi-kai, literally National Independent UHF Broadcasting Forum), (abbreviated JAITS) is a group of Japan's reception fee-free commercial terrestrial television stations which are not members of the major national networks that has flagship in Tokyo and Osaka.
Its members sell to, buy from and co-produce programs with other members. While a few of them, namely Sun Television and Television Kanagawa sell more than the others, it does not mean the former control the others in programming. It forms a loose network without exclusivity. They form permanent and ad-hoc subgroups for production and sales of advertising opportunity.[1]
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[edit] Name
The name of the group is provisional. The Japanese documents for the association refer to the acronym JAITS but the fully spelled English name has not been disclosed yet.
Its Japanese name has the term UHF because all of the member stations broadcast on the UHF band in analog, in contrast to major networks that primarily broadcast on the VHF band in analog. All the Japanese terrestrial television stations are switching to UHF digital, since, in 2011, all analog television transmissions (both VHF and UHF) are planned to be shut down.
[edit] Independent UHF Stations
| Broadcasting station | Call sign | Broadcasting area (Prefectures) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| tvk | TV Kanagawa / テレビ神奈川 | JOKM-DTV | Kanagawa |
| MX | TOKYO MX / 東京MX | JOMX-DTV | Tokyo |
| SUN | SUN-TV / サンテレビ | JOUH-DTV | Hyogo |
| KBS | KBS Kyoto / KBS京都 | JOBR-DTV | Kyoto |
| TVS | Teletama (TV Saitama) / テレ玉 (テレビ埼玉) | JOUS-DTV | Saitama |
| CTC | Chiba TV / チバテレビ | JOCL-DTV | Chiba |
| GBS | Gifu Hoso / 岐阜放送 | JOZF-DTV | Gifu |
| GTV | Gunma TV / 群馬テレビ | JOML-DTV | Gunma |
| MTV | Mie TV / 三重テレビ | JOMH-DTV | Mie |
| TVN | Nara TV / 奈良テレビ | JONM-DTV | Nara |
| BBC | Biwako Hoso / びわ湖放送 | JOBL-DTV | Shiga |
| GYT | Tochigi TV / とちぎTV | JOGY-DTV | Tochigi |
| WTV | TV Wakayama / テレビ和歌山 | JOOM-DTV | Wakayama |
[edit] Characteristics of the independent stations
[edit] Degree of independence
In the strict (North American) definition of "not affiliated with any networks", the only independent terrestrial television station in Japan would be The Open University of Japan, which produces almost all its programs in-house.
The JAITS and the Japanese public take "Independent UHF Station" (独立U(HF)局 dokuritsu Yū(-aitch-eff) kyoku) for not being members of large networks, in which the Tokyo's stations almost control other members' programming. Those networks are also affiliated with large national newspapers. On the other hands, the JAITS stations are often affiliated with prefectural or metropolitan newspapers and prefectural governments, whose degree of influence may vary.
Here is the description of characters of the independent commercial terrestrial television stations in Japan. Currently all such stations are members of the JAITS.
[edit] Market
Their areas of coverage are located in Kantō, Chūkyō and Kansai regions which are the most urbanised in Japan. Their reachable population is large. If the population was too small they could not have number of viewers and sponsorship to sustain the station. However their coverage are within major network stations' official coverage, except TXN network members TV Osaka's, TV Aichi's and TV Setouchi's which are adjacent to. Multi-channel cable television may cover significant parts of the areas. Externally sourced popular contents are often too expensive to buy therefore they are very difficult to beat major networks in viewing rates.
[edit] Programming
Compared with major network stations, the JAITS stations have the lower average ratings (meaning the cheaper sponsorship fee) in the large reachable population. The later beginning and the earlier ending hours of live and / or scheduled programs allow flexible programming. Some Japanese animations (anime) of single episode or short series are broadcast and are called "UHF anime". They broadcast brokered programming such as religion and infomercials. Some stations also run their own shopping programs.
[edit] See also
- Independent station (North America)
- Independent station (other parts of the world)
[edit] References
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