James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Abercorn
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| In office 13 July 1866 – 1 December 1868 |
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| Monarch | Victoria |
| Prime Minister | The Earl of Derby Benjamin Disraeli |
| Preceded by | The Lord Wodehouse |
| Succeeded by | The Earl Spencer |
| In office 2 March 1874 – 11 December 1876 |
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| Monarch | Victoria |
| Prime Minister | Benjamin Disraeli |
| Preceded by | The Earl Spencer |
| Succeeded by | The Duke of Marlborough |
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| Born | 21 January, 1811 Seamore Place, Mayfair, London |
| Died | 31 October, 1885 Baronscourt, County Tyrone |
| Nationality | British |
| Political party | Conservative |
| Spouse | Lady Louisa Russell (1812-1905) |
| Alma mater | Christ Church, Oxford |
James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Abercorn KG, PC (21 January, 1811 – 31 October, 1885), styled Viscount Hamilton from 1814 to 1818 and the Marquess of Abercorn from 1818 to 1868, was a British Conservative politician and statesman who twice served as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
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[edit] Background and education
Born at Seymour Place, Mayfair, Abercorn was the son of James Hamilton, Viscount Hamilton, who died when his son was only three, eldest son of John Hamilton, 1st Marquess of Abercorn. His mother was Harriet Douglas, second daughter of the Hon. John Douglas. He was educated at Harrow School and Christ Church College, Oxford. In 1818 he succeeded his grandfather in his titles.[1] He received a Honorary Doctorate of Civil Laws by the University of Oxford in 1856.[1]
[edit] Political career
In 1844, Lord Abercorn was made a Knight of the Garter at the relatively young age of 33, becoming that same year Lord Lieutenant of Donegal. Two years later he was appointed a Privy Counsellor and Groom of the Stole to Prince Albert, and remained a prominent figure in the royal court for the next two decades. In 1866, he was appointed Viceroy of Ireland, and two years later was created Marquess of Hamilton (in the Peerage of the United Kingdom) and Duke of Abercorn (in the Peerage of Ireland), resigning shortly after Gladstone won the 1868 general election. He was reappointed to the post in 1874, and the Duke served as Viceroy until his resignation in 1876, partly on account of his wife's ill health. He was also Grand Master of the Freemasons (Ireland) from 1874 until his death. On 2 March, 1878, Abercorn was Envoy-Extraordinary for the investiture of King Umberto I of Italy with the Order of the Garter. He was elected Chancellor of the University of Ireland in 1881, and died four years later at his home of Baronscourt, County Tyrone.
[edit] Family and children
Abercorn married Lady Louisa, second daughter of John Russell, 6th Duke of Bedford, in 1832.[1] They had fourteen children, thirteen of whom survived infancy:
- Lady Harriet Georgiana Louisa Hamilton (1834–1913), married in 1855 to Thomas George Anson, 2nd Earl of Lichfield. They had eight sons and five daughters.
- Lady Beatrix Frances Hamilton (1835–1871), married in 1854 to George Frederick D'Arcy Lambton, 2nd Earl of Durham
- Lady Louisa Jane Hamilton (1836–1912), married in 1859 to William Montagu-Douglas-Scott, 6th Duke of Buccleuch
- Lady Katherine Elizabeth Hamilton (c. 1838–1874), married in 1858 to William Henry Edgcumbe, 4th Earl of Mount Edgcumbe
- James Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Abercorn (1838–1913)
- Lady Georgiana Susan Hamilton (1841–1913), married in 1882 to Edward Turnour, 5th Earl Winterton
- Lord Claud Hamilton (1843–1925)
- Lord George Hamilton (1845–1927)
- Lady Albertha Frances Anne Hamilton (1847–1932), married in 1869 to George Charles Spencer-Churchill, 8th Duke of Marlborough. The marriage was annulled in 1883.
- Lord Ronald Douglas Hamilton (1849–1867)
- Lady Maud Evelyn Hamilton (1850–1932), married in 1869 to Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne
- Lord Cosmo Hamilton (1853–1853, on the same day)
- Lord Frederick Spencer Hamilton (1856–1928)
- Lord Ernest Hamilton (1858–1939)
Abercorn died in October 1885, aged 74, and was succeeded by his eldest son, James. The Duchess of Abercorn died in March 1905, aged 92.
[edit] References
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by The Earl of Kimberley |
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1866 – 1868 |
Succeeded by The Earl Spencer |
| Preceded by The Earl Spencer |
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1874 – 1876 |
Succeeded by The Duke of Marlborough |
| Honorary titles | ||
| Preceded by The Marquess of Donegall |
Lord Lieutenant of Donegal 1844 – 1885 |
Succeeded by The Duke of Abercorn |
| Court offices | ||
| Preceded by The Marquess of Exeter |
Groom of the Stole to Prince Albert 1846 – 1859 |
Succeeded by The Earl Spencer |
| Peerage of Great Britain | ||
| Preceded by John Hamilton |
Marquess of Abercorn 1818 – 1885 |
Succeeded by James Hamilton |
| Peerage of Ireland | ||
| New creation | Duke of Abercorn 1868 – 1885 |
Succeeded by James Hamilton |
