January 11

January 11 is the 11th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 354 days remaining until the end of the year (355 in leap years).

Events

• 1055 – Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
• 1158 – Vladislav II becomes King of Bohemia.
• 1569 – First recorded lottery in England.
• 1571 – Austrian nobility is granted freedom of religion.
• 1693 – A powerful earthquake destroys parts of Sicily and Malta.
• 1759 – In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the first American life insurance company is incorporated.
• 1779 – Ching-Thang Khomba is crowned King of Manipur.
• 1782 – American Revolutionary War: French troops begin a siege of a British garrison on Brimstone Hill in Saint Kitts.
• 1787 – William Herschel discovers Titania and Oberon, two moons of Uranus.
• 1805 – The Michigan Territory is created.
• 1861 – Alabama secedes from the United States.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Arkansas Post – General John McClernand and Admiral David Dixon Porter capture the Arkansas River for the Union.
• 1863 – American Civil War: CSS Alabama encounters and sinks the USS Hatteras off Galveston Lighthouse in Texas.
• 1879 – The Anglo-Zulu War begins.
• 1908 – Grand Canyon National Monument is created.
• 1912 – Immigrant textile works in Lawrence, Massachusetts, go on strike when wages are reduced in response to a mandated shortening of the work week.
• 1917 – The Kingsland munitions factory explosion occurs as a result of sabotage.
• 1919 – Romania reincorporates Transylvania.
• 1922 – First use of insulin to treat diabetes in a human patient.
• 1923 – Occupation of the Ruhr: Troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area to force Germany to make its World War I reparation payments.
• 1927 – Louis B. Mayer, head of film studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), announces the creation of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, at a banquet in Los Angeles, California.
• 1935 – Amelia Earhart becomes the first person to fly solo from Hawaii to California.
• 1942 – World War II: The Japanese capture Kuala Lumpur.
• 1943 – World War II: The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China.
• 1943 – Italian-American anarchist Carlo Tresca is assassinated in New York City.
• 1945 – Greek Civil War: Last day of the Dekemvriana clashes in Athens, Greece.
• 1946 – Enver Hoxha, Secretary General of the Communist Party of Albania, declares the People's Republic of Albania with himself as head of state.
• 1949 – The first "networked" television broadcasts take place as KDKA-TV in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania goes on the air connecting the east coast and mid-west programming.
• 1949 – A record-setting snowstorm hits Los Angeles, California.
• 1957 – The African Convention is founded in Dakar, Senegal.
• 1960 – Henry Lee Lucas, once listed as America's most prolific serial killer, commits his first known murder.
• 1962 – Cold War: While tied to its pier in Polyarny, the Soviet submarine B-37 is destroyed when fire breaks out in its torpedo compartment.
• 1962 – An avalanche on Huascarán in Peru causes 4,000 deaths.
• 1964 – Surgeon General of the United States Dr. Luther Terry, M.D., publishes the landmark report Smoking and Health: Report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General of the United States saying that smoking may be hazardous to health, sparking national and worldwide anti-smoking efforts.
• 1972 – East Pakistan renames itself Bangladesh.
• 1973 – Major League Baseball owners vote in approval of the American League adopting the designated hitter position.
• 1986 – The Gateway Bridge, Brisbane in Queensland, Australia is officially opened.
• 1994 – The Irish Government announces the end of a 15-year broadcasting ban on the IRA and its political arm Sinn Féin.
• 1996 – Space Shuttle program: STS-72 launches from the Kennedy Space Center marking the start of the 74th Space Shuttle mission and the 10th flight of Endeavour.
• 1998 – Over 100 people are killed in the Sidi-Hamed massacre in Algeria.
• 2003 – Illinois Governor George Ryan commutes the death sentences of 167 prisoners on Illinois' death row based on the Jon Burge scandal.
• 2013 – One French soldier and 17 militants are killed in a failed attempt to free a French hostage in Bulo Marer, Somalia.

Births

• 347 – Theodosius I, Roman emperor (d. 395)
• 889 – Abd-ar-Rahman III, Spanish Emir of Córdoba (d. 961)
• 1322 – Emperor Kōmyō of Japan (d. 1380)
• 1359 – Emperor Go-En'yū of Japan (d. 1393)
• 1395 – Michelle of Valois (d. 1422)
• 1503 – Parmigianino, Italian painter (d. 1540)
• 1591 – Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, English general and politician (d. 1646)
• 1630 – John Rogers, English-American academic (d. 1684)
• 1638 – Nicolas Steno, Danish bishop and anatomist (d. 1686)
• 1642 – Johann Friedrich Alberti, German organist and composer (d. 1710)
• 1671 – François-Marie, 1st duc de Broglie, French general and diplomat (d. 1745)
• 1755 – Alexander Hamilton, Nevisian-American economist and politician, 1st United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1804)
• 1757 – Samuel Bentham, English engineer (d. 1831)
• 1786 – Joseph Jackson Lister, English opticist and physicist (d. 1869)
• 1788 – William Thomas Brande, English chemist (d. 1866)
• 1800 – Ányos Jedlik, Hungarian physicist (d. 1895)
• 1807 – Ezra Cornell, American businessman and philanthropist, founded Western Union and Cornell University (d. 1874)
• 1814 – James Paget, English surgeon and pathologist (d. 1899)
• 1815 – John A. Macdonald, Canadian politician, 1st Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1891)
• 1825 – Bayard Taylor, American poet (d. 1878)
• 1839 – Eugenio María de Hostos, Puerto Rican lawyer, philosopher, and sociologist (d. 1903)
• 1842 – William James, American psychologist and philosopher (d. 1910)
• 1843 – C. Y. O'Connor, Irish-Australian engineer (d. 1902)
• 1845 – Albert Victor Bäcklund, Swedish physicist (d. 1912)
• 1850 – Joseph Charles Arthur, American botanist (d. 1942)
• 1852 – Constantin Fehrenbach, German politician, 4th Chancellor of Weimar Germany (d. 1926)
• 1853 – Georgios Jakobides, Greek painter (d. 1926)
• 1856 – Christian Sinding, Norwegian composer (d. 1932)
• 1857 – Fred Archer, English jockey (d. 1886)
• 1858 – Harry Gordon Selfridge, American-English businessman, founded Selfridges (d. 1947)
• 1859 – George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, English politician, 35th Governor-General of India (d. 1925)
• 1864 – Thomas Dixon, Jr., American minister, lawyer, and politician (d. 1946)
• 1867 – Edward B. Titchener, English psychologist (d. 1927)
• 1868 – Cai Yuanpei, Chinese educator (d. 1940)
• 1870 – Alexander Stirling Calder, American sculptor (d. 1945)
• 1872 – G. W. Pierce, American physicist (d. 1956)
• 1873 – John Callan O'Laughlin, American soldier and journalist (d. 1949)
• 1875 – Reinhold Glière, Russian composer (d. 1956)
• 1875 – Fritz Manteuffel, German gymnast (d. 1941)
• 1876 – Elmer Flick, American baseball player (d. 1971)
• 1878 – Theodoros Pangalos, Greek general (d. 1952)
• 1879 – John Symes, English cricketer (d. 1942)
• 1885 – Jack Hoxie, American actor and rodeo performer (d. 1965)
• 1885 – Alice Paul, American activist (d. 1977)
• 1886 – Chester Conklin, American comedian and actor (d. 1971)
• 1887 – Aldo Leopold, American ecologist and author (d. 1948)
• 1888 – Joseph B. Keenan, American politician (d. 1954)
• 1889 – Calvin Bridges, American geneticist (d. 1938)
• 1890 – Harold Bride, English wireless officer on the RMS Titanic (d. 1956)
• 1890 – Max Carey, American baseball player (d. 1976)
• 1890 – Oswald de Andrade, Brazilian poet (d. 1954)
• 1893 – Anthony M. Rud, American writer (d. 1942)
• 1895 – Laurens Hammond, American engineer and businessman, founded the Hammond Clock Company (d. 1973)
• 1897 – Bernard DeVoto, American historian and author (d. 1955)
• 1897 – August Heissmeyer, German SS officer (d. 1979)
• 1899 – Eva Le Gallienne, English-American actress (d. 1991)
• 1901 – Kwon Ki-ok, North Korean pilot (d. 1988)
• 1902 – Maurice Duruflé, French organist and composer (d. 1986)
• 1903 – Alan Paton, South African author and activist (d. 1988)
• 1905 – Clyde Kluckhohn, American anthropologist (d. 1960)
• 1905 – Manfred Bennington Lee, American author, co-creator of Ellery Queen (d. 1971)
• 1906 – Albert Hofmann, Swiss chemist, discoverer of LSD (d. 2008)
• 1907 – Pierre Mendès France, French politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1982)
• 1907 – Abraham Joshua Heschel, Polish-American rabbi, theologian, and philosopher (d. 1972)
• 1908 – Lionel Stander, American actor (d. 1994)
• 1910 – Nikos Kavvadias, Greek poet and author (d. 1975)
• 1910 – Shane Paltridge, Australian soldier and politician (d. 1966)
• 1910 – Izler Solomon, American conductor (d. 1987)
• 1911 – Nora Heysen, Australian painter (d. 2003)
• 1911 – Zenkō Suzuki, Japanese politician, 70th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2004)
• 1912 – Don "Red" Barry, American actor (d. 1980)
• 1913 – Karl Stegger, Danish actor (d. 1980)
• 1915 – Paddy Mayne, Irish soldier (d. 1955)
• 1916 – Bernard Blier, French actor (d. 1989)
• 1917 – John Robarts, Canadian lawyer and politician, 17th Premier of Ontario (d. 1982)
• 1918 – Robert C. O'Brien, American author and journalist (d. 1973)
• 1920 – Mick McManus, English wrestler (d. 2013)
• 1921 – Gory Guerrero, American wrestler (d. 1990)
• 1921 – Juanita M. Kreps, American economist, educator, and politician, 24th United States Secretary of Commerce (d. 2010)
• 1921 – Benedict Zilliacus, Finnish journalist, author, and screenwriter (d. 2013)
• 1922 – Ernle Bradford, English historian and author (d. 1986)
• 1923 – Jerome Bixby, American author and scriptwriter (d. 1998)
• 1923 – Ernst Nolte, German historian and philosopher
• 1923 – Carroll Shelby, American race car driver, designer, and businessman, founded Carroll Shelby International (d. 2012)
• 1924 – Don Cherry, American singer and golfer
• 1924 – Roger Guillemin, French neuroendocrinologist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1924 – Sam B. Hall, American politician and judge (d. 1994)
• 1924 – Slim Harpo, American singer and harmonica player (d. 1970)
• 1925 – Grant Tinker, American television producer, co-founded MTM Enterprises
• 1926 – Lev Dyomin, Russian colonel, pilot, and cosmonaut (d. 1998)
• 1928 – Alan Bowness, English historian and curator
• 1928 – Mitchell Ryan, American actor
• 1928 – David L. Wolper, American director and producer (d. 2010)
• 1929 – Dmitri Bruns, Estonian architect and theorist
• 1930 – Ron Mulock, Australian lawyer and politician, 10th Deputy Premier of New South Wales (d. 2014)
• 1930 – Seamus O'Connell, English footballer (d. 2013)
• 1930 – Rod Taylor, Australian-American actor
• 1931 – Betty Churcher, Australian painter
• 1931 – Mary Rodgers, American composer and author (d. 2014)
• 1932 – Alfonso Aráu, Mexican actor and director
• 1934 – Jean Chrétien, Canadian politician, 20th Prime Minister of Canada
• 1934 – Tony Hoare, Sri Lankan-English computer scientist
• 1935 – Melvyn Hayes, English actor
• 1935 – Ghita Nørby, Danish actress
• 1936 – Jody Payne, American singer and guitarist (Family) (d. 2013)
• 1937 – Felix Silla, Italian-American actor and stuntman
• 1938 – Fischer Black, American economist (d. 1995)
• 1938 – Fred Jones, Welsh footballer (d. 2013)
• 1938 – Vladimir Krpan, Croatian pianist
• 1938 – Gavin Millar, Scottish director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1938 – Alastair Morton, English businessman (d. 2004)
• 1938 – Arthur Scargill, English politician
• 1938 – John August Swanson, American painter
• 1939 – Anne Heggtveit, Canadian skier
• 1940 – Andres Tarand, Estonian geographer and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Estonia
• 1941 – Abdullah the Butcher, Canadian wrestler
• 1941 – Gérson, Brazilian footballer
• 1942 – Bud Acton, American basketball player
• 1942 – Clarence Clemons, American saxophonist and actor (E Street Band) (d. 2011)
• 1942 – Leo Cullum, American cartoonist (d. 2010)
• 1942 – George Mira, American football player
• 1943 – Henry Cecil, Scottish-English horse trainer (d. 2013)
• 1943 – Jill Churchill, American author
• 1943 – Jim Hightower, American journalist and politician
• 1944 – Mohammed Abed Elhai, Sudanese poet and academic (d. 1989)
• 1944 – Shibu Soren, Indian politician, 3rd Chief Minister of Jharkhand
• 1945 – Christine Kaufmann, German-Austrian actress
• 1946 – Naomi Judd, American singer-songwriter (The Judds)
• 1946 – Tony Kaye, English keyboard player (Yes, Badger, Detective, Badfinger, Circa, and Yoso)
• 1946 – John Piper, American theologian and author
• 1947 – Anna Calder-Marshall, English actress
• 1948 – Fritz Bohla, German footballer and manager
• 1948 – Brian Cantor, English academic
• 1948 – Joe Harper, Scottish footballer
• 1948 – Wajima Hiroshi, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 54th Yokozuna
• 1948 – Terry Williams, Welsh drummer (Love Sculpture, Man, Rockpile, and Dire Straits)
• 1949 – Daryl Braithwaite, Australian singer-songwriter (Sherbet)
• 1949 – Chris Ford, American basketball player and coach
• 1949 – Mohammad Reza Rahimi, Iranian lawyer and politician, 2nd Vice President of Iran
• 1951 – Willie Maddren, English footballer (d. 2000)
• 1951 – Philip Tartaglia, Scottish archbishop
• 1952 – Bille Brown, Australian actor and playwright (d. 2013)
• 1952 – Ben Crenshaw, American golfer
• 1952 – Michael Forshaw, Australian politician
• 1952 – Diana Gabaldon, American author
• 1952 – Lee Ritenour, American guitarist, composer, and producer
• 1953 – Graham Allen, English politician
• 1953 – John Sessions, Scottish actor
• 1953 – Kostas Skandalidis, Greek politician
• 1954 – Jaak Aaviksoo, Estonian physicist and politician, 26th Estonian Minister of Defence
• 1954 – Kailash Satyarthi, Indian engineer, academic, and activist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1956 – Big Bank Hank, American rapper (The Sugarhill Gang) (d. 2014)
• 1956 – Robert Earl Keen, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1956 – Kuniaki Kobayashi, Japanese wrestler
• 1956 – Phyllis Logan, Scottish actress
• 1956 – Paul McKeever, German-English police officer (d. 2013)
• 1957 – Darryl Dawkins, American basketball player
• 1957 – Peter Moore, Australian footballer
• 1957 – Bryan Robson, English footballer and manager
• 1958 – Diego León Montoya Sánchez, Colombian crime boss
• 1958 – Vicki Peterson, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (The Bangles and Continental Drifters)
• 1959 – Rob Ramage, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1961 – Jasper Fforde, English author
• 1961 – Karl von Habsburg, German-Austrian son of Princess Regina of Saxe-Meiningen
• 1961 – Eva O, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Christian Death, Shadow Project and Super Heroines)
• 1961 – Lars-Erik Torph, Swedish race car driver (d. 1989)
• 1962 – Chris Bryant, Welsh politician, Minister of State for Europe
• 1962 – Kim Coles, American actress
• 1962 – Susan Lindauer, American journalist and activist
• 1963 – Tracy Caulkins, American swimmer
• 1963 – Jason Connery, English actor
• 1963 – Dean Reynolds, English snooker player
• 1964 – Ralph Recto, Filipino politician
• 1965 – Mascarita Sagrada, Mexican wrestler
• 1965 – Roland Scholten, Dutch darts Player
• 1965 – Aleksey Zhukov, Russian footballer and coach
• 1966 – Marc Acito, American author
• 1966 – Kelley Law, Canadian curler
• 1966 – Tao Wei, Chinese footballer and sportscaster (d. 2012)
• 1967 – Derek Riddell, Scottish actor
• 1968 – Anders Borg, Swedish economist and politician
• 1968 – Saša Ćirić, Macedonian footballer
• 1968 – Tom Dumont, American guitarist and producer (No Doubt and Invincible Overlord)
• 1969 – Manny Acta, Dominican baseball player
• 1969 – James Merendino, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1969 – Kyle Richards, American actress
• 1970 – Manfredi Beninati, Italian painter and sculptor
• 1970 – Chris Jent, American basketball player and coach
• 1970 – Malcolm D. Lee, American actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1970 – Joy Nilo, Filipino composer
• 1971 – Mary J. Blige, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
• 1971 – Tom Ward, Welsh actor
• 1971 – Chris Willsher, English singer-songwriter, drummer, and actor (Bus Station Loonies, Oi Polloi, and Disorder)
• 1972 – Marc Blucas, American actor
• 1972 – Christian Jacobs, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (The Aquabats)
• 1972 – Amanda Peet, American actress
• 1973 – Joanna Brodzik, Polish actress
• 1973 – Rahul Dravid, Indian cricketer
• 1973 – Rockmond Dunbar, American actor
• 1974 – Roman Görtz, German footballer
• 1974 – Cody McKay, Canadian baseball player
• 1974 – Jens Nowotny, German footballer
• 1975 – Rory Fitzpatrick, American ice hockey player
• 1975 – Kevin Koe, Canadian curler
• 1975 – Dan Luger, English rugby player
• 1976 – Efthimios Rentzias, Greek basketball player
• 1976 – Kaire Vilgats, Estonian singer
• 1977 – Shamari Buchanan, American football player
• 1977 – Anni Friesinger-Postma, German speed skater
• 1977 – Devin Ratray, American actor and singer
• 1977 – Nadia Turner, American singer-songwriter and actress
• 1978 – Vallo Allingu, Estonian basketball player
• 1978 – Holly Brisley, Australian actress
• 1978 – Michael Duff, Irish footballer
• 1978 – Emile Heskey, English footballer
• 1978 – Stijn Schaars, Dutch footballer
• 1979 – Darren Lynn Bousman, American director and screenwriter
• 1979 – Joana Cortez, Brazilian tennis player
• 1979 – Michael Lorenz, German footballer
• 1979 – Siti Nurhaliza, Malaysian singer-songwriter and producer
• 1979 – Henry Shefflin, Irish hurler
• 1980 – Lovieanne Jung, American softball player
• 1980 – Mike Williams, American football player
• 1980 – Deanna Wright, American actress and model
• 1981 – Bafo Biyela, South African footballer
• 1981 – Jamelia, English singer-songwriter and actress
• 1981 – Tom Meighan, English singer-songwriter (Kasabian)
• 1981 – Jaime Valdés, Chilean footballer
• 1981 – Ali Zitouni, Tunisian footballer
• 1982 – Tony Allen, American basketball player
• 1982 – Ashley Taylor Dawson, English actor and singer (allSTARS*)
• 1982 – Son Ye-jin, South Korean actress
• 1983 – Turner Battle, American basketball player
• 1983 – Matthew Palleschi, Canadian soccer player
• 1983 – Ted Richards, Australian footballer
• 1983 – Adrian Sutil, German race car driver
• 1984 – Kevin Boss, American football player
• 1984 – Dario Krešić, Croatian footballer
• 1984 – Matt Mullenweg, American web developer and businessman, co-created WordPress
• 1985 – Newton Faulkner, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1985 – Rie fu, Japanese singer-songwriter
• 1985 – Aja Naomi King, American actress
• 1985 – Lucy Knisley, American illustrator
• 1985 – Kazuki Nakajima, Japanese race car driver
• 1985 – Aaron Porter, English union leader
• 1986 – Rachel Riley, English television host
• 1987 – Scotty Cranmer, American motocross racer
• 1987 – Daniel Semenzato, Italian footballer
• 1988 – Daniel Dzufer, Australian footballer
• 1988 – Rodrigo José Pereira, Brazilian footballer
• 1988 – Epiphanny Prince, American-Russian basketball player
• 1989 – Darko Bodul, Croatian footballer
• 1989 – Sammy Carlson, American skier
• 1990 – Ryan Griffin, American football player
• 1991 – Hyolyn, South Korean singer and actress (Sistar)
• 1992 – Dani Carvajal, Spanish footballer
• 1992 – Lee Seung-hoon, South Korean rapper, choreographer and lyricist (Winner)
• 1993 – Flora Cross, French-American actress
• 1993 – Michael Keane, English footballer
• 1993 – Will Keane, English footballer
• 1994 – Mathieu Marquet, Mauritian swimmer
• 1997 – Cody Simpson, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist

Deaths

• 705 – Pope John VI (b. 655)
• 782 – Kōnin, emperor of Japan (b. 709)
• 802 – Paulinus II of Aquileia, Italian priest, theologian, and saint (b. 726)
• 812 – Staurakios, Byzantine emperor
• 844 – Michael I Rangabe, Byzantine emperor (b. 770)
• 1055 – Constantine IX Monomachos, Byzantine emperor (b. 1000)
• 1083 – Otto of Nordheim (b. 1020)
• 1494 – Domenico Ghirlandaio, Italian painter (b. 1449)
• 1495 – Pedro González de Mendoza, Spanish cardinal (b. 1428)
• 1547 – Pietro Bembo, Italian poet, scholar, and theorist (b. 1470)
• 1641 – Juan Martínez de Jáuregui y Aguilar, Spanish poet and painter (b. 1583)
• 1696 – Charles Albanel, French priest, missionary, and explorer (b. 1616)
• 1703 – Johann Georg Graevius, German scholar and critic (b. 1632)
• 1713 – Pierre Jurieu, French priest (b. 1637)
• 1735 – Metropolitan Danilo I Petrović-Njegoš, Serbian metropolitan (b. 1670)
• 1753 – Hans Sloane, Irish physician (b. 1660)
• 1762 – Louis-François Roubiliac, French-English sculptor (b. 1695)
• 1763 – Caspar Abel, German poet, historian, and theologian (b. 1676)
• 1771 – Jean-Baptiste de Boyer, Marquis d'Argens, French philosopher (b. 1704)
• 1788 – François Joseph Paul de Grasse, French admiral (b. 1722)
• 1791 – William Williams Pantycelyn, Welsh composer (b. 1717)
• 1798 – Erekle II of Kartli (b. 1720)
• 1801 – Domenico Cimarosa, Italian composer (b. 1749)
• 1836 – John Molson, Canadian businessman, founded the Molson Brewing Company (b. 1763)
• 1843 – Francis Scott Key, American lawyer, author, and songwriter (b. 1779)
• 1867 – Stuart Donaldson, English-Australian politician, 1st Premier of New South Wales (b. 1812)
• 1882 – Theodor Schwann, German physiologist (b. 1810)
• 1891 – Georges-Eugène Haussmann, French civic planner (b. 1809)
• 1901 – Vasily Kalinnikov, Russian composer (b. 1866)
• 1902 – Johnny Briggs, English cricketer (b. 1862)
• 1904 – William Sawyer, Canadian merchant and politician (b. 1815)
• 1905 – Yehudah Aryeh Leib Alter, Polish rabbi (b. 1847)
• 1914 – Carl Jacobsen, Danish brewer and philanthropist (b. 1842)
• 1920 – Steinar Schjøtt, Norwegian philologist and lexicographer (b. 1844)
• 1923 – Constantine I of Greece (b. 1868)
• 1928 – Thomas Hardy, English author and poet (b. 1840)
• 1931 – James Milton Carroll, American pastor, historian, and author (b. 1852)
• 1938 – Johan Salonen, Finnish wrestler (b. 1884)
• 1941 – Emanuel Lasker, German chess player (b. 1868)
• 1944 – Galeazzo Ciano, Italian politician, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1903)
• 1947 – Eva Tanguay, Canadian-American singer (b. 1879)
• 1952 – Jean de Lattre de Tassigny, French general (b. 1889)
• 1952 – Aureliano Pertile, Italian tenor (b. 1885)
• 1953 – Noe Zhordania, Georgian journalist and politician, Prime Minister of Georgia (b. 1868)
• 1954 – Oscar Straus, Austrian composer (b. 1870)
• 1957 – Robert Garran, Australian lawyer (b. 1867)
• 1957 – Rose Sutro, American pianist (b. 1870)
• 1958 – Alec Rowley, English composer (b. 1892)
• 1958 – Edna Purviance, American actress (b. 1895)
• 1961 – Elena Gerhardt, German soprano (b. 1883)
• 1965 – Wally Pipp, American baseball player (b. 1893)
• 1966 – Alberto Giacometti, Swiss sculptor (b. 1901)
• 1966 – Hannes Kolehmainen, Finnish runner (b. 1889)
• 1966 – Lal Bahadur Shastri, Indian politician, 2nd Prime Minister of India (b. 1904)
• 1968 – Moshe Zvi Segal, Israeli linguist and scholar (b. 1876)
• 1969 – Richmal Crompton, English author (b. 1890)
• 1972 – Padraic Colum, Irish poet, author, and playwright (b. 1881)
• 1975 – Max Lorenz, German tenor (b. 1901)
• 1978 – Ibn-e-Insha, Pakistani poet (b. 1927)
• 1979 – Jack Soo, American actor (b. 1917)
• 1980 – Barbara Pym, English author (b. 1913)
• 1981 – Beulah Bondi, American actress (b. 1888)
• 1985 – William McKell, Australian politician, 12th Governor-General of Australia (b. 1891)
• 1986 – Sid Chaplin, English author and screenwriter (b. 1916)
• 1986 – Andrzej Czok, Polish mountaineer (b. 1948)
• 1987 – Albert Ferber, Swiss-English pianist (b. 1911)
• 1988 – Pappy Boyington, American pilot, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1912)
• 1988 – Isidor Isaac Rabi, Polish- American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1898)
• 1989 – August Koern, Estonian diplomat and politician (b. 1900)
• 1989 – Ray Moore, English radio host (b. 1942)
• 1990 – Carolyn Haywood, American author (b. 1898)
• 1991 – Carl David Anderson, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)
• 1994 – Helmut Poppendick, German physician (b. 1902)
• 1995 – Josef Gingold, Russian-American violinist (b. 1909)
• 1995 – Lewis Nixon, American captain (b. 1918)
• 1995 – Theodor Wisch, German general (b. 1907)
• 1996 – Roger Crozier, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach, and manager (b. 1942)
• 1998 – Klaus Tennstedt, German conductor (b. 1926)
• 1999 – Fabrizio De André, Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1940)
• 1999 – Naomi Mitchison, Scottish author and poet (b. 1897)
• 1999 – Brian Moore, Irish-American author and screenwriter (b. 1921)
• 2000 – Betty Archdale, English-Australian cricketer (b. 1907)
• 2000 – Ivan Combe, American inventor and businessman, invented Clearasil (b. 1911)
• 2000 – Bob Lemon, American baseball player (b. 1920)
• 2001 – Louis Krages, German race car driver (b. 1949)
• 2001 – Denys Lasdun, English architect, co-designed the Royal National Theatre (b. 1914)
• 2001 – Michael Williams, English actor (b. 1935)
• 2002 – Struan Sutherland, Australian medical researcher (b. 1936)
• 2002 – Henri Verneuil, Turkish-French director and playwright (b. 1920)
• 2003 – Mickey Finn, English drummer (T. Rex and Mickey Finn's T-Rex) (b. 1947)
• 2003 – Maurice Pialat, French actor and director (b. 1925)
• 2003 – Richard Simmons, American actor (b. 1913)
• 2005 – Spencer Dryden, American drummer (Jefferson Airplane, The Peanut Butter Conspiracy, New Riders of the Purple Sage, and The Dinosaurs) (b. 1938)
• 2005 – Jimmy Griffin, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Bread and The Remingtons) (b. 1943)
• 2005 – Miriam Hyde, Australian pianist and composer (b. 1913)
• 2005 – Fabrizio Meoni, Italian motorcycle racer (b. 1957)
• 2006 – Nixzmary Brown, American child abuse victim (b. 1998)
• 2006 – Markus Löffel, German DJ and producer (b. 1966)
• 2007 – Puchi Balseiro, Puerto Rican singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1926)
• 2007 – Solveig Dommartin, French-German actress (b. 1961)
• 2007 – Robert Anton Wilson, American author (b. 1932)
• 2008 – Edmund Hillary, New Zealand mountaineer and explorer (b. 1919)
• 2008 – Carl Karcher, American businessman, co-founded Carl's Jr. (b. 1917)
• 2009 – David Vine, English sportscaster (b. 1935)
• 2010 – Miep Gies, Austrian-Dutch humanitarian, helped hide Anne Frank and her family (b. 1909)
• 2010 – Mick Green, English guitarist (Johnny Kidd & The Pirates) (b. 1944)
• 2010 – Harry Männil, Estonian-Costa Rican art collector and businessman (b. 1920)
• 2010 – Joe Rollino, American strongman and weightlifter (b. 1905)
• 2012 – Mostafa Ahmadi-Roshan, Iranian physicist and academic (b. 1980)
• 2012 – Gilles Jacquier, French journalist and photographer (b. 1968)
• 2012 – Edgar Kaiser, Jr, American-Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1942)
• 2012 – Chuck Metcalf, American bassist (b. 1931)
• 2012 – Wally Osterkorn, American basketball player (b. 1928)
• 2012 – Steven Rawlings, English astrophysicist, astronomer, and academic (b. 1961)
• 2012 – David Whitaker, English composer and conductor (b. 1931)
• 2013 – Thomas Bourgin, French motorcycle racer (b. 1987)
• 2013 – Gordon Chavunduka, Zimbabwean sociologist (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Guido Forti, Italian racing manager, founded the Forti Racing Team (b. 1940)
• 2013 – Robert Kee, Indian-Irish journalist and author (b. 1919)
• 2013 – Nguyễn Khánh, Vietnamese general and politician, 3rd President of South Vietnam (b. 1927)
• 2013 – Mariangela Melato, Italian actress and singer (b. 1941)
• 2013 – Jimmy O'Neill, American radio and television host (b. 1940)
• 2013 – Tom Parry Jones, Welsh scientist, invented the breathalyzer (b. 1935)
• 2013 – Alemayehu Shumye, Ethiopian runner (b. 1988)
• 2013 – W. Reece Smith, Jr., American lawyer and academic (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Aaron Swartz, American computer programmer and activist (b. 1986)
• 2013 – Billy Varga, American wrestler and actor (b. 1919)
• 2013 – Lars Werner, Swedish politician (b. 1935)
• 2014 – Keiko Awaji, Japanese actress (b. 1933)
• 2014 – Jophery Brown, American baseball player, actor, and stuntman (b. 1945)
• 2014 – Arnoldo Foà, Italian actor and director (b. 1916)
• 2014 – Vugar Gashimov, Azerbaijani chess player (b. 1986)
• 2014 – Muhammad Habibur Rahman, Indian-Bangladeshi jurist and politician, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (b. 1928)
• 2014 – Chai Trong-rong, Taiwanese educator and politician (b. 1935)
• 2014 – Ariel Sharon, Israeli general and politician, 11th Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1928)
• 2014 – Jerome Willis, English actor (b. 1928)

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Leucius of Brindisi (Roman Catholic)
  • Vitalis of Gaza (Roman Catholic)
  • Paulinus II of Aquileia
  • Theodosius the Cenobiarch
  • Mary Slessor (Church of England)
  • January 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Earliest day on which Triodion can fall, while February 14 is the latest; celebrated 70 days before Easter. (Eastern Orthodox)
• Eugenio María de Hostos Day (Puerto Rico)
• First day of Carmentalia, in honor of Carmenta. (Roman Empire)
• Independence Resistance Day (Morocco)
• Kagami Biraki (Japan)
• Republic Day (Albania)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada