January 31

January 31 is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 334 days remaining until the end of the year (335 in leap years).

Events

• 314 – Silvester I begins his reign as Pope of the Catholic Church, succeeding Pope Miltiades.
• 1504 – France cedes Naples to Aragon.
• 1606 – Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes is executed for plotting against Parliament and King James.
• 1747 – The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital.
• 1801 – John Marshall is appointed the Chief Justice of the United States.
• 1814 – Gervasio Antonio de Posadas becomes Supreme Director of Argentina.
• 1846 – After the Milwaukee Bridge War, Juneautown and Kilbourntown unify as the City of Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
• 1848 – John C. Frémont is Court-martialed for mutiny and disobeying orders.
• 1849 – Corn Laws are abolished in the United Kingdom pursuant to legislation in 1846.
• 1862 – Alvan Graham Clark discovers the white dwarf star Sirius B, a companion of Sirius, through an 18.5-inch (47 cm) telescope now located at Northwestern University.
• 1865 – American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, abolishing slavery and submits it to the states for ratification.
• 1865 – American Civil War: Confederate General Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief.
• 1867 – Maronite nationalist leader Youssef Karam leaves Lebanon on board a French ship bound for Algeria.
• 1891 – History of Portugal: The first attempt at a Portuguese republican revolution breaks out in the northern city of Porto.
• 1900 – Datu Muhammad Salleh is assassinated in Kampung Teboh, Tambunan, ending the Mat Salleh Rebellion.
• 1915 – World War I: Germany is the first to make large-scale use of poison gas in warfare in the Battle of Bolimów against Russia.
• 1917 – World War I: Germany announces that its U-boats will resume unrestricted submarine warfare after a two-year hiatus.
• 1918 – A series of accidental collisions on a misty Scottish night leads to the loss of two Royal Navy submarines with over a hundred lives, and damage to another five British warships.
• 1919 – The Battle of George Square takes place in Glasgow, Scotland.
• 1929 – The Soviet Union exiles Leon Trotsky.
• 1930 – 3M begins marketing Scotch Tape.
• 1942 – World War II: Allied forces are defeated by the Japanese at the Battle of Malaya and retreat to the island of Singapore.
• 1943 – World War II: German Field Marshal Friedrich Paulus surrenders to the Soviets at Stalingrad, followed 2 days later by the remainder of his Sixth Army, ending one of the war's fiercest battles.
• 1944 – World War II: American forces land on Kwajalein Atoll and other islands in the Japanese-held Marshall Islands.
• 1944 – World War II: During the Anzio campaign the 1st Ranger Battalion (Darby's Rangers) is destroyed behind enemy lines in a heavily outnumbered encounter at Battle of Cisterna, Italy.
• 1945 – US Army private Eddie Slovik is executed for desertion, the first such execution of an American soldier since the Civil War.
• 1945 – World War II: About 3,000 inmates from the Stutthof concentration camp are forcibly marched into the Baltic Sea at Palmnicken (now Yantarny, Russia) and executed.
• 1945 – World War II: the end of fighting in the Battle of Hill 170 during the Burma Campaign, in which the British 3 Commando Brigade repulsed a Japanese counterattack on their positions and precipitated a general retirement from the Arakan Peninsula.
• 1946 – Yugoslavia's new constitution, modeling that of the Soviet Union, establishes six constituent republics (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia).
• 1949 – These Are My Children, the first television daytime soap opera is broadcast by the NBC station in Chicago.
• 1950 – President Harry S. Truman announces a program to develop the hydrogen bomb.
• 1953 – A North Sea flood causes over 1,800 deaths in the Netherlands and over 300 in the United Kingdom
• 1957 – Eight people on the ground in Pacoima, California are killed following the mid-air collision between a Douglas DC-7 airliner and a Northrop F-89 Scorpion fighter jet.
• 1958 – Explorer program: Explorer 1 – The first successful launch of an American satellite into orbit.
• 1958 – James Van Allen discovers the Van Allen radiation belt.
• 1961 – Project Mercury: Mercury-Redstone 2 – Ham the Chimp travels into outer space.
• 1966 – The Soviet Union launches the unmanned Luna 9 spacecraft as part of the Luna program.
• 1968 – Viet Cong attack the United States embassy in Saigon, and other attacks, in the early morning hours, later grouped together as the Tet Offensive.
• 1968 – Nauru gains independence from Australia.
• 1971 – Apollo program: Apollo 14 – Astronauts Alan Shepard, Stuart Roosa, and Edgar Mitchell, aboard a Saturn V, lift off for a mission to the Fra Mauro Highlands on the Moon.
• 1971 – The Winter Soldier Investigation, organized by the Vietnam Veterans Against the War to publicize war crimes and atrocities by Americans and allies in Vietnam, begins in Detroit, Michigan.
• 1990 – The first McDonald's in the Soviet Union opens in Moscow.
• 1995 – President Bill Clinton authorizes a $20 billion loan to Mexico to stabilize its economy.
• 1996 – An explosives-filled truck rams into the gates of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka in Colombo, Sri Lanka killing at least 86 and injuring 1,400.
• 1996 – Comet Hyakutake is discovered by Japanese amateur astronomer Yuji Hyakutake.
• 2000 – Alaska Airlines Flight 261 crash: An MD-83, experiencing horizontal stabilizer problems, crashes in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Point Mugu, California, killing all 88 aboard.
• 2001 – In the Netherlands, a Scottish court convicts Libyan Abdelbaset al-Megrahi and acquits another Libyan citizen for their part in the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland in 1988.
• 2003 – The Waterfall rail accident occurs near Waterfall, New South Wales, Australia.
• 2007 – Suspects are arrested in Birmingham in the UK, accused of plotting the kidnap, holding and eventual beheading of a serving Muslim British soldier in Iraq.
• 2009 – In Kenya, at least 113 people are killed and over 200 injured following an oil spillage ignition in Molo, days after a massive fire at a Nakumatt supermarket in Nairobi killed at least 25 people.
• 2010 – Avatar becomes the first film to gross over $2 billion worldwide.
• 2011 – A winter storm hits North America for the second time in the same month, causing $1.8 billion in damage across the United States and Canada and killing 24 people.
• 2013 – An explosion at the Pemex Executive Tower in Mexico City kills at least 33 people and injures more than 100.

Births

• 36BC – Antonia Minor, Greek daughter of Mark Antony (d. 38 AD)
• 877 – Taejo of Goryeo (d. 943)
• 1512 – Henry, King of Portugal (d. 1580)
• 1543 – Tokugawa Ieyasu, Japanese shogun (d. 1616)
• 1550 – Henry I, Duke of Guise (d. 1588)
• 1597 – John Francis Regis, French priest and saint (d. 1640)
• 1624 – Arnold Geulincx, Flemish philosopher (d. 1669)
• 1673 – Louis de Montfort, French priest and saint (d. 1716)
• 1686 – Hans Egede, Norwegian missionary (d. 1758)
• 1752 – Gouverneur Morris, American politician (d. 1816)
• 1759 – François Devienne, French flute player and composer (d. 1803)
• 1797 – Franz Schubert, Austrian composer (d. 1828)
• 1820 – William B. Washburn, American politician, 28th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1887)
• 1825 – Miska Magyarics, Hungarian-Slovenian poet (d. 1883)
• 1835 – Lunalilo of Hawaii (d. 1874)
• 1854 – David Emmanuel, Romanian mathematician (d. 1941)
• 1857 – George Jackson Churchward, English engineer (d. 1933)
• 1865 – Henri Desgrange, French cyclist and journalist (d. 1940)
• 1865 – Shastriji Maharaj, Indian spiritual leader, founded BAPS (d. 1951)
• 1868 – Theodore William Richards, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1928)
• 1872 – Zane Grey, American author (d. 1939)
• 1881 – Irving Langmuir, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1957)
• 1884 – Theodor Heuss, German politician, 1st President of the Federal Republic of Germany (d. 1963)
• 1884 – Nathaniel Moore, American golfer (d. 1910)
• 1889 – Frank Foster, English cricketer (d. 1958)
• 1892 – Eddie Cantor, American singer-songwriter, actor, and dancer (d. 1964)
• 1894 – Isham Jones, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (d. 1956)
• 1896 – Sofya Yanovskaya, Russian mathematician and historian (d. 1966)
• 1902 – Nat Bailey, Canadian businessman, founded White Spot (d. 1978)
• 1902 – Tallulah Bankhead, American actress (d. 1968)
• 1902 – Alva Myrdal, Swedish sociologist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
• 1905 – Diana Napier, English actress (d. 1982)
• 1905 – John O'Hara, American author (d. 1970)
• 1909 – Miron Grindea, Romanian journalist (d. 1995)
• 1911 – Eddie Byrne, Irish actor (d. 1981)
• 1913 – Don Hutson, American football player (d. 1997)
• 1914 – Carey Loftin, American actor and stuntman (d. 1997)
• 1914 – Daya Mata, American spiritual leader (d. 2010)
• 1914 – Jersey Joe Walcott, American boxer (d. 1994)
• 1915 – Alan Lomax, American historian, author, and scholar (d. 2002)
• 1915 – Thomas Merton, American monk and author (d. 1968)
• 1915 – Garry Moore, American comedian and game show host (d. 1993)
• 1917 – Fred Bassetti, American architect, founded Bassetti Architects (d. 2013)
• 1919 – Jackie Robinson, American baseball player (d. 1972)
• 1920 – Stewart Udall, American politician, 37th United States Secretary of the Interior (d. 2010)
• 1920 – Bert Williams, English footballer (d. 2014)
• 1921 – John Agar, American actor (d. 2002)
• 1921 – Carol Channing, American actress and singer
• 1921 – E. Fay Jones, American architect, designed the Thorncrown Chapel (d. 2004)
• 1921 – Mario Lanza, American tenor and actor (d. 1959)
• 1922 – Joanne Dru, American actress (d. 1996)
• 1923 – Norman Mailer, American journalist and author (d. 2007)
• 1925 – August Englas, Estonian wrestler
• 1925 – Benjamin Hooks, American minister, lawyer, and activist (d. 2010)
• 1926 – Tom Alston, American baseball player (d. 1993)
• 1927 – Norm Prescott, American animator, producer, and composer, co-founded Filmation Studios (d. 2005)
• 1928 – Eric Ash, German-English engineer and academic
• 1928 – Chuck Willis, American singer-songwriter (d. 1958)
• 1929 – Rudolf Mössbauer, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)
• 1929 – Jean Simmons, English-American actress (d. 2010)
• 1930 – Joakim Bonnier, Swedish race car driver (d. 1972)
• 1930 – Lynn Carlin, American actress
• 1931 – Ernie Banks, American baseball player and coach
• 1931 – Christopher Chataway, English runner, journalist, and politician (d. 2014)
• 1932 – Miron Babiak, Polish captain (d. 2013)
• 1933 – Camille Henry, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1997)
• 1933 – Bernardo Provenzano, Italian gangster
• 1934 – Ernesto Brambilla, Italian motorcycle racer and race car driver
• 1934 – James Franciscus, American actor (d. 1991)
• 1934 – Bob Turner, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2005)
• 1935 – Kenzaburō Ōe, Japanese author, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1937 – Regimantas Adomaitis, Lithuanian actor
• 1937 – Andrée Boucher, Canadian politician, 39th Mayor of Quebec City (d. 2007)
• 1937 – Philip Glass, American composer
• 1937 – Suzanne Pleshette, American actress (d. 2008)
• 1938 – Beatrix of the Netherlands
• 1938 – James G. Watt, American politician, 43rd United States Secretary of the Interior
• 1939 – Claude Gauthier, Canadian singer-songwriter and actor
• 1940 – Kitch Christie, South African rugby player and coach (d. 1998)
• 1941 – Dick Gephardt, American politician
• 1941 – Gerald McDermott, American author and illustrator (d. 2012)
• 1941 – Jessica Walter, American actress
• 1942 – Daniela Bianchi, Italian actress
• 1942 – Derek Jarman, English director, stage designer, and author (d. 1994)
• 1944 – Connie Booth, American-English actress and psychotherapist
• 1944 – Charlie Musselwhite, American singer-songwriter and harmonica player
• 1945 – Brenda Hale, Baroness Hale of Richmond, lawyer, judge, and academic
• 1945 – Rynn Berry, American book author and historian of vegetarianism (d. 2014)
• 1945 – Joseph Kosuth, American photographer and illustrator
• 1946 – Terry Kath, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Chicago) (d. 1978)
• 1946 – Glynn Turman, American actor, director, and producer
• 1947 – Jonathan Banks, American actor
• 1947 – Nolan Ryan, American baseball player
• 1948 – Volkmar Groß, German footballer
• 1948 – Muneo Suzuki, Japanese politician
• 1949 – Johan Derksen, Dutch footballer and journalist
• 1949 – Norris Church Mailer, American model (d. 2010)
• 1949 – Ken Wilber, American author
• 1950 – Denise Fleming, American author and illustrator
• 1950 – Alexander Korzhakov, Russian general and bodyguard
• 1951 – Dave Benton, Aruban-Estonian singer
• 1951 – Harry Wayne Casey, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (KC and the Sunshine Band)
• 1951 – Phil Manzanera, English guitarist, songwriter, and producer (Roxy Music, Quiet Sun, and 801)
• 1951 – Won Sei-hoon, South Korean intelligence officer
• 1952 – Nadya Rusheva, Russian painter (d. 1969)
• 1953 – Ovidiu Lipan, Romanian drummer (Transsylvania Phoenix)
• 1954 – Mark Slavin, Israeli wrestler (d. 1972)
• 1954 – Adrian Vandenberg, Dutch guitarist (Whitesnake, Vandenberg, and Manic Eden)
• 1955 – Virginia Ruzici, Romanian tennis player
• 1956 – John Lydon, English singer-songwriter (Sex Pistols and Public Image Ltd)
• 1957 – Shirley Babashoff, American swimmer
• 1958 – Armin Reichel, German footballer
• 1959 – Anthony LaPaglia, Australian actor
• 1959 – Kelly Lynch, American actress
• 1959 – Kelly Moore, American race car driver
• 1959 – Mickey Simmonds, English keyboard player and songwriter (Renaissance and Camel)
• 1960 – Akbar Ganji, Iranian journalist
• 1960 – Grant Morrison, Scottish author and screenwriter
• 1960 – Željko Šturanović, Montenegrian politician, 31st Prime Minister of Montenegro (d. 2014)
• 1961 – Elizabeth Barker, Baroness Barker, English politician
• 1961 – Lloyd Cole, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Lloyd Cole and the Commotions)
• 1961 – Fatou Bensouda, Gambian lawyer and judge
• 1962 – Sophie Muller, English director
• 1963 – Madis Eek, Estonian architect
• 1964 – Sylvie Bernier, Canadian diver
• 1964 – Jeff Hanneman, American guitarist and songwriter (Slayer) (d. 2013)
• 1964 – Martha MacCallum, American journalist
• 1964 – Dawn Prince-Hughes, American anthropologist, primatologist, and ethologist
• 1964 – Billey Shamrock, Swedish singer-songwriter and actor
• 1965 – Giorgos Gasparis, Greek basketball player and coach
• 1966 – Umar Alisha, Indian journalist and philanthropist
• 1966 – Dexter Fletcher, English actor
• 1966 – Jorge González, Argentinian basketball player and wrestler (d. 2010)
• 1966 – JJ Lehto, Finnish race car driver
• 1967 – Chad Channing, American singer and drummer (Nirvana and Child's Play)
• 1967 – Jason Cooper, English drummer (The Cure)
• 1967 – Fat Mike, American singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer (NOFX, Me First and the Gimme Gimmes, and False Alarm)
• 1967 – Irene Wan, Hong Kong actress
• 1967 – Michelle Ruff, American voice actress
• 1967 – Joey Wong, Taiwanese-Hong Kong actress
• 1968 – Matt King, English comedian and actor
• 1968 – Ulrica Messing, Swedish politician
• 1968 – Patrick Stevens, Belgian sprinter
• 1970 – Minnie Driver, English singer-songwriter and actress
• 1970 – Danny Michel, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer
• 1971 – Patrick Kielty, Irish comedian and television host
• 1971 – Dimitris Markos, Greek footballer
• 1971 – Patricia Velásquez, Venezuelan actress and model
• 1971 – Lee Young-ae, South Korean actress
• 1973 – Portia de Rossi, Australian-American actress
• 1974 – Wil Anderson, Australian comedian and radio host
• 1974 – Othella Harrington, American basketball player
• 1974 – Ariel Pestano, Cuban baseball player
• 1975 – Fred Coleman, American football player
• 1975 – Jackie O, Australian radio and television host
• 1975 – Preity Zinta, Indian actress
• 1976 – Traianos Dellas, Greek footballer
• 1976 – Buddy Rice, American race car driver
• 1976 – Paul Scheer, American comedian and actor
• 1977 – Mark Dutiaume, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1977 – Shingo Katori, Japanese singer and actor (SMAP)
• 1977 – Jim Kleinsasser, American football player
• 1977 – Bobby Moynihan, American actor
• 1977 – Sergei Pareiko, Estonian footballer
• 1977 – Anthony Rosano, American porn actor
• 1977 – Katherine Shindle, American actress, singer, and dancer
• 1977 – Kerry Washington, American actress
• 1978 – Fabián Caballero, Argentinian footballer
• 1978 – Brad Rutter, American game show contestant on Jeopardy!
• 1978 – Arthur Wellesley, Earl of Mornington
• 1979 – Daniel Tammet, English author and educator
• 1979 – Emmett J. Scanlan, Irish actor
• 1980 – James Adomian, American comedian and actor
• 1980 – Tiffany Limos, American actress
• 1981 – Julio Arca, Argentinian footballer
• 1981 – Amrita Arora, Indian actress
• 1981 – Justin Timberlake, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actor ('N Sync)
• 1982 – Maret Ani, Estonian tennis player
• 1982 – Yuniesky Betancourt, Cuban baseball player
• 1982 – Andreas Görlitz, German footballer
• 1982 – Salvatore Masiello, Italian footballer
• 1982 – Allan McGregor, Scottish footballer
• 1982 – Bruno Nogueira, Portuguese comedian and actor
• 1982 – Elena Paparizou, Greek-Swedish singer-songwriter (Antique)
• 1982 – Jānis Sprukts, Latvian ice hockey player
• 1982 – Brad Thompson, American baseball player
• 1983 – James Sutton, English actor
• 1983 – Fabio Quagliarella, Italian footballer
• 1983 – Tom Vangeneugden, Belgian swimmer
• 1984 – Vernon Davis, American football player
• 1984 – Josh Johnson, American baseball player
• 1984 – Jeremy Wariner, American runner
• 1984 – Alessandro Zanni, Italian rugby player
• 1985 – Kalomira, American-Greek singer
• 1985 – Adam Federici, Australian footballer
• 1985 – Mario Williams, American football player
• 1986 – Megan Ellison, American film producer, founded Annapurna Pictures
• 1986 – George Elokobi, Cameroonian footballer
• 1986 – Yves Ma-Kalambay, Belgian footballer
• 1986 – Pauline Parmentier, French tennis player
• 1987 – Sargon Duran, Austrian footballer
• 1987 – Kenny McKinley, American football player (d. 2010)
• 1987 – Marcus Mumford, American-English singer-songwriter (Mumford & Sons)
• 1987 – Raúl Richter, German actor
• 1988 – Justine Ozga, German tennis player
• 1988 – Taijo Teniste, Estonian footballer
• 1990 – Nicolò De Cesare, Italian footballer
• 1990 – Jacopo Fortunato, Italian footballer
• 1990 – Kati Ojaloo, Estonian hammer thrower
• 1990 – Kota Yabu, Japanese singer and actor (Hey! Say! JUMP)
• 1992 – Tyler Seguin, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1994 – Kenneth Zohore, Danish footballer
• 1995 – Sten Olmre, Estonian basketball player
• 1996 – Joel Courtney, American actor

Deaths

• 632 – Máedóc, Irish bishop (b. 550)
• 1216 – Patriarch Theodore II of Constantinople
• 1398 – Emperor Sukō of Japan (b. 1334)
• 1418 – Mircea I of Wallachia (b. 1355)
• 1435 – Xuande Emperor of China (b. 1398)
• 1561 – Bairam Khan, Mughalan general (b. 1501)
• 1561 – Menno Simons, Dutch minister and theologian (b. 1496)
• 1580 – Henry, King of Portugal (b. 1512)
• 1606 – Guy Fawkes, English conspirator, leader of the Gunpowder Plot (b. 1570)
• 1606 – Ambrose Rookwood, English conspirator (b. 1578)
• 1606 – Thomas Wintour, English conspirator (b. 1571)
• 1615 – Claudio Acquaviva, Italian priest, 5th Superior General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1543)
• 1632 – Jost Bürgi, Swiss clockmaker and mathematician (b. 1552)
• 1665 – Johannes Clauberg, German philosopher and theologian (b. 1622)
• 1686 – Jean Mairet, French playwright (b. 1604)
• 1720 – Thomas Grey, 2nd Earl of Stamford, English politician (b. 1654)
• 1729 – Jacob Roggeveen, Dutch explorer (b. 1659)
• 1736 – Filippo Juvarra, Italian architect, designed the Basilica of Superga (b. 1678)
• 1788 – Charles Edward Stuart, Italian husband of Princess Louise of Stolberg-Gedern (b. 1720)
• 1790 – Thomas Lewis, Irish-American lawyer and surveyor (b. 1718)
• 1794 – Mariot Arbuthnot, English admiral (b. 1711)
• 1811 – Manuel Alberti, Argentinian priest and journalist (b. 1763)
• 1815 – José Félix Ribas, Venezuelan soldier (b. 1775)
• 1828 – Alexander Ypsilantis, Greek general (b. 1792)
• 1836 – John Cheyne, English physician and author (b. 1777)
• 1844 – Henri Gatien Bertrand, French general (b. 1773)
• 1856 – 11th Dalai Lama (b. 1838)
• 1870 – Cilibi Moise, Moldavian-Romanian journalist (b. 1812)
• 1888 – John Bosco, Italian priest and educator, founded the Salesian Society (b. 1815)
• 1892 – Charles Spurgeon, English pastor and author (b. 1834)
• 1907 – Timothy Eaton, Canadian businessman, founded Eaton's (b. 1834)
• 1923 – Eligiusz Niewiadomski, Polish painter and critic (b. 1869)
• 1933 – John Galsworthy, English author and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1867)
• 1942 – Henry Larkin, American baseball player (b. 1860)
• 1942 – Rolf Wenkhaus, German actor (b. 1917)
• 1944 – Jean Giraudoux, French author and playwright (b. 1882)
• 1945 – Eddie Slovik, American soldier (b. 1920)
• 1954 – Edwin Howard Armstrong, American engineer, invented FM radio (b. 1890)
• 1954 – Vivian Woodward, English footballer (b. 1879)
• 1955 – John Mott, American YMCA leader, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)
• 1956 – A. A. Milne, English author (b. 1882)
• 1958 – Karl Selter, Estonian politician (b. 1898)
• 1961 – Krishna Sinha, Indian politician, 1st Chief Minister of Bihar (b. 1887)
• 1966 – Arthur Percival, English general (b. 1887)
• 1967 – Eddie Tolan, American sprinter (b. 1908)
• 1969 – Meher Baba, Indian guru and mystic (b. 1894)
• 1970 – Slim Harpo, American singer and harmonica player (b. 1924)
• 1971 – Viktor Zhirmunsky, Russian historian and linguist (b. 1891)
• 1973 – Ragnar Frisch, Norwegian economist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1895)
• 1974 – Samuel Goldwyn, Polish-American film producer, co-founded Goldwyn Pictures (b. 1882)
• 1974 – Glenn Morris, American decathlete and actor (b. 1912)
• 1974 – Emil Väre, Finnish wrestler (b. 1885)
• 1976 – Ernesto Miranda, American criminal, inspired the Miranda rights (b. 1941)
• 1976 – Evert Taube, Swedish author and composer (b. 1890)
• 1987 – Yves Allégret, French director and screenwriter (b. 1907)
• 1989 – William Stephenson, Canadian captain and spy (b. 1896)
• 1990 – Rashad Khalifa, Egyptian-American chemist (b. 1935)
• 1991 – Kostas Mountakis, Greek singer-songwriter (b. 1926)
• 1995 – George Abbott, American director and producer (b. 1887)
• 1997 – John Joseph Scanlan, Irish-American bishop (b. 1930)
• 1998 – Leho Laurine, Estonian chess player (b. 1904)
• 1999 – Shohei Baba, Japanese wrestler, co-founded All Japan Pro Wrestling (b. 1938)
• 1999 – Barış Manço, Turkish singer-songwriter (Moğollar and Kurtalan Ekspres) (b. 1943)
• 1999 – Norm Zauchin, American baseball player (b. 1929)
• 2000 – Gil Kane, Latvian-American author and illustrator (b. 1926)
• 2001 – Gordon R. Dickson, Canadian-American author (b. 1923)
• 2002 – Gabby Gabreski, American colonel and pilot (b. 1919)
• 2004 – Eleanor Holm, American swimmer (b. 1913)
• 2006 – Moira Shearer, Scottish actress and ballerina (b. 1926)
• 2007 – Kirka, Finnish singer (b. 1950)
• 2007 – Lee Bergere, American actor (b. 1924)
• 2007 – Molly Ivins, American journalist and author (b. 1944)
• 2007 – Mohammed Jamal Khalifa, Saudi Arabian businessman (b. 1957)
• 2007 – Olevi Kull, Estonian ecologist and academic (b. 1955)
• 2007 – Adelaide Tambo, South African activist (b. 1929)
• 2008 – Zeltim Odie Peterson, American dog (b. 1997)
• 2009 – Nagesh, Indian comedian and actor (b. 1933)
• 2011 – Bartolomeu Anania, Romanian bishop and poet (b. 1921)
• 2011 – Mark Ryan, English guitarist (Adam and the Ants) (b. 1959)
• 2012 – Everardus Antonius M. Baaij, Dutch-South African bishop (b. 1921)
• 2012 – Mani Ram Bagri, Indian politician (b. 1920)
• 2012 – Anthony Bevilacqua, American cardinal (b. 1923)
• 2012 – Leslie Carter, American singer-songwriter (b. 1986)
• 2012 – Tristram Potter Coffin, American author, scholar, and academic (b. 1922)
• 2012 – Ayelet Galena, American child born with Dyskeratosis congenita (b. 2009)
• 2012 – Siddika Kabir, Bangladeshi nutritionist, academic, and author (b. 1931)
• 2012 – Sid Ottewell, English footballer and manager (b. 1919)
• 2012 – Antonio Segura, Spanish author (b. 1947)
• 2012 – King Stitt, Jamaican DJ and producer (b. 1940)
• 2012 – Dorothea Tanning, American painter and sculptor (b. 1910)
• 2013 – Rubén Bonifaz Nuño, Mexican poet and scholar (b. 1923)
• 2013 – Amina Cachalia, South African activist and politician (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Joseph Cassidy, Irish archbishop (b. 1933)
• 2013 – Nolan Frizzelle, American politician (b. 1921)
• 2013 – Hassan Habibi, Iranian lawyer and politician, 1st Vice President of Iran (b. 1937)
• 2013 – Ron Hadfield, English police officer (b. 1939)
• 2013 – Caleb Moore, American snowmobile racer (b. 1987)
• 2013 – Tony Pierce, American baseball player (b. 1946)
• 2013 – Timir Pinegin, Russian sailor (b. 1927)
• 2013 – Fred Whitfield, American baseball player (b. 1938)
• 2013 – Diane Wolkstein, American author (b. 1942)
• 2014 – Nina Andrycz, Belarusian-Polish actress (b. 1912)
• 2014 – Sebastian Barker, English poet (b. 1945)
• 2014 – Gundi Busch, German figure skater and coach (b. 1935)
• 2014 – Francis M. Fesmire, American cardiologist and physician (b. 1959)
• 2014 – Anna Gordy Gaye, American songwriter and producer, co-founded Anna Records (b. 1922)
• 2014 – Abdirizak Haji Hussein, Somalian politician, 4th Prime Minister of Somalia (b. 1924)
• 2014 – Alexander Ivashkin, Russian-English cellist and conductor (b. 1948)
• 2014 – Miklós Jancsó, Hungarian director and screenwriter (b. 1921)
• 2014 – Joseph Willcox Jenkins, American composer, conductor, and educator (b. 1928)
• 2014 – Christopher Jones, American actor (b. 1941)
• 2014 – Giorgio Stracquadanio, Italian journalist and politician (b. 1959)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Blessed Ludovica
  • Geminianus
  • John Bosco
  • Marcella
  • Samuel Shoemaker (Episcopal Church (USA))
  • January 31 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Nauru from Australia in 1968.

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On this day in Canada