Japanese Bamboo English

Japanese Bamboo English
Spoken in	Japan
Native speakers	—  (date missing)
Language family	English-based pidgin
Language codes
ISO 639-2	cpe
ISO 639-3	–

Japanese Bamboo English was a Japanese Pidgin English developed after the Second World War, that was spoken between American military personnel and the Japanese in occupied Japan. Recently it has been most widely used in Okinawa, where there is a significant U.S. military presence.

References

• Smith, Norval (1994). "An annotated list of creoles, pidgins, and mixed languages". In Jacques Arends, Pieter Muysken, Norval Smith (eds.). Pidgins and Creoles: An Introduction. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins. pp. 331–374. 
• Norman, Arthur M. Z. (1955). "Bamboo English: The Japanese Influence Upon American Speech". American Speech 30 (1): pp. 44–48. doi:10.2307/454192. JSTOR 454192.