Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh
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| Jaunpur | |
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| Coordinates | 25°44′N 82°41′E / 25.73°N 82.68°E |
| Country |  India |
| State | Uttar Pradesh |
| District(s) | Jaunpur |
| Population | 168,851 (2001[update]) |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| Area • Elevation |
• 82 m (269 ft) |
Jaunpur (Hindi: जौनपुर, Urdu: جون پور) is a city and a municipal board in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.
Jaunpur district is located to the northwest of the district of Varanasi in the eastern part of the North Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. According to the 2001 census, Jaunpur district had a population of 3,911,678, with the urban area having accounting for 168,851 people. Demographically, Jaunpur resembles the rest of the Purvanchal area in which it is located: a primarily rural agricultural population with high illiteracy and low human development index.
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[edit] Overview
Jaunpur's notable history dates from 1388, during which period the Sultan of Delhi Feroz Shah Tughlaq appointed Malik Sarwar, an eunuch, as the governor of the region. The Sultanate was weakened by the 1398 sacking of Delhi by the Mongols under Timur, and Malik Sarwar then declared independence. He and his adopted son founded what came to be known as the Sharqi dynasty. During the Sharqi period the Jaunpur Sultanate was a strong military power in Northern India, and on several occasions threatened the Delhi Sultanat
Jaunpur was then a major center of Urdu and Sufi knowledge and culture. The Sharqi dynasty was known for its excellent communal relations between Muslims and Hindus, perhaps stemming from the fact that the Sharqis themselves were originally indigenous converts to Islam, as opposed to descendants of Persians or Afghans. Jaunpur's independence came to an end in 1480, when the city was conquered by Sikander Lodhi, the Sultan of Delhi. The Sharqi kings attempted for several years to retake the city, but ultimately failed.
Although many of the Sharqi monuments were destroyed when the Lodhis took the city, several important mosques remain, most notably the Atala Masjid, Jama Masjid (now known as the Bari (big mosque) Masjid) and the Lal Darwaza Masjid. The Jaunpur mosques display a unique architectural style, combining traditional Hindu and Muslim motifs with purely original elements. The old bridge over the Gomti River in Jaunpur dates from 1564, the era of the Mughal emperor Akbar. The Jaunpur Quilla, a fortress from the Tughlaq era, also remains in ruined form.
Jaunpur district was annexed into British India based on the Permanent settlement of 1779, and thus was subject to the Zamindari system of land revenue collection. During the Revolt of 1857 the Sikh troops in Jaunpur joined the Indian rebels. The district was eventually reconquered for the British by Gurkha troops from Nepal. Jaunpur then became a district administrative center.
Modern Jaunpur district shares the underdevelopment of most of Eastern Uttar Pradesh. There are currently no major industries operating in the city, and traditional industries such as perfume making have become increasingly unviable. Under initiatives of UP government, an Industrial Area has been set up in Sathariya region of the district to promote industrial growth and expansion. Land is being allotted to budding industrialists and government has plans to help people of this region more and more industries. Although with past three years Jaunpur city have noticed a big co-operate presence in financial services as well as in the organized retail sector, and Big leap is accepted to be achieved within few years as the city will emerge as most booming city in this part of India.
Politically, Jaunpur is divided between the Samajwadi Party (SP) which tends to represent the interests of the Backward Castes and the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) which tends to represent the interests of the Scheduled Castes, though other political parties too have a significant presence. Jaunpur has a very high concentration of colleges as compared to the most other districts in U.P. It has more than 20 undergraduate colleges and 130 colleges up to high-school (twelfth grade - called "Intermediate" in the local system).
There are many major educational institutions in Jaunpur City which are famous through out the nation. there is also a Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya situated 21 km south from the district headquarter on Lumbini - Duddhi Road in Katghara Village near Mariahu Tehsil.
[edit] Tehsils of Jaunpur
There are six Tehsils in Jaunpur:
Jaunpur is the district headquarters.
There are five rivers Gomati, Sai, Varuna, Pili and Basuhi which make its land fertile. It is one of the most densely rural district in UP.
The district has 3 Lok Sabha and 10 Vidhan Sabha constituencies.
[edit] Villages
Samaspur Bhuwakla (Khaprhan) Ailiya, Amaw, Amhit, Amiliya, Amrauna, Amuwar, Anekpur, Aruan, Ashapur, Auka, Babhanipur, Badalpur, Bagthari, Bashirpur Baharpur Kalan, Bakatahi, Bandhwa Bajar, Bandipur, Baragoan, Barai Par, Barai, Barawan Sureri, Bardiha, Barigaon, Barji, Barrah, Basalatpur, Behara, belasin Bermao, Bhadeora, Bhadi, Bhadwar, Bhagipur, Bhannaur, Bharathipur, Bharthari, Bhatauli-Maharajgang, Bhatpura, Bhaura, Bhikhnapur, Bhoola, Bhouras, Bhulandeeh, Bibanmau, Bijhawat, Biloi, Biribari, Bishunpur, Bithuakala-Badlapur, Borsar kala, Borsar khurd, Channan, Chaumana, Chhapramau, Chhunchha, Chitauri, Chitko, Deduaana, Dharampur, Dhaurahara, Dinapur, Dobhi, Dulahepur, Dumdumma, Garaila, Gariaon, Ghanashayampur, Hansrauli, Hariharpur, Hilali post kandhi kalaw, Himmatpur, Hindi Baghaila, Hisampur, Ijari, Jaigehan, Jamuhar, Jamunipur Nigoh, Jarasi, Kachhawand, Kadipur, Kalyanpur, Karampur, Karaudi, Kardaha, Kashidaspur, Kasili, Kataka, Katauna, Katka, Katra, Kewatali Kala, Khanwai, Khetasarai, Khujhhi, Khujji, Khushalipatti, Khuthan, Kirtapur, Kodahu, Kodaila, Koilari, Koiridiha, Kothilapur, Kuddupur, Kumarpatti, Kusmhi, Kusrna, Leduka, Lewarua, Lohinda, Lohrakhor, Madhavpatti, Madhupur, Makhdumpur, Manhan, Marikpur, Mathurapur,Mai, Meerpur, Meethapur, Mishirpur, Murkha, Nabhipur, Narwari, Neebhapur, Nevada, Nonara, Pachokhar, Pandeypur(Basahara), Panihar, Parauwa, Pattinarendrapur, Pithapur, Pokhara, Pokhra, Raipur, Rajepur, Ramgadha, Rampur, Rampurhargir, Rayan, Rehati, Rooppur, Rudhuli, Sabeli(Sujan Ganj), Sabrahad, Sahadatpur, Sahpur, Sakara, Salakhapur, Salamatpur, Sarai Bika, Sarai Harkhu, Sarai Pandari, Saraiharkhu, Satalpur, Satmeshra, Sehmalpur, Semuhi, Senapur, Shadipur, Shahganj, Shambhoo Ganj, Sherwa, Shudanipur, Sikrara, Sirasi, Sirikana, Sirkoni, Sidhain, Sondhi, Sujan Ganj, Sultanpur Gaur (Gosaipur), Surakpur, Surhurpur, Surish, Takha Pashchim, Takha Purab, Taraon, Tarsara (Yadav Nagar), Taspur, TejiBazar, tekardiha Tighra, Tikari, Tilaura, Trishauli, Ukani, Umari, Unchgaon, Vishunpur, Zangipur(or Jangipur), Baghari Kalan, Baurai, Dhaneja, Haripur Bazar, Saray Gaura,
[edit] Transportation
[edit] Rail
Jaunpur is well-connected with all major cities of India thanks to Indian Railways, it has three major railway stations namely Jaunpur City Station (JOP) and Jaunpur Junction (JNU), Shahganj Junction (SHG). Mughalsarai, Varanasi and Allahabad railway stations are also easily reachable from here, Godaan express is a daily train to Mumbai (erstwhile Bombay) from JNU; Shramjeevi, Sadhbhawana and Farakka Express are daily trains to Delhi.
A passenger train "AJ" daily runs from Allahabad to Jaunpur and back.
[edit] Road
Jaunpur is well connected to Lucknow, Varanasi, Allahabad and other cities like Azamgarh, Mirzapur, Bhadohi, Sultanpur, Ghazipur etc. NH-56, SH-36 are the roadways connecting all major cities to Jaunpur.
[edit] Air
Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport or Varanasi Airport [(IATA: VNS)] is just 45-minute drive from Jaunpur city on NH-56 (National Highway - 56), numerous domestic and international flights are accessible.
[edit] Rulers
Sharqi Dynasty
- Malik Sarwar Khwaja-yi Jahan (1394-1399)
- Malik Qaranful Mubarrak Shah (1399-1401)
- Ibrahim Shams-ud-Din (1401-1440)
- Mahmud Shah (1440-1458)
- Mohammed Shah Bhikan Khan (1458)
- Husain Shah (1458-1483)
[edit] Educational institutes
List of notable institution of Jaunpur
[edit] University/Colleges
[edit] University
[edit] Colleges
Late Amar Nath Dwivedi Girls Inter Collage Travani Nager (Vijhwat) Jaunpur
- Byalasi Intermediate College
- Dr. R.U. Singh Intermediate College, Pokhara, Dobhi, Jaunpur
- Himtaj Degree College, Nevarhia
- Shree Ganesh Rai Post-Graduate College (Karra College)
- Tilak Dhari Post-Graduate College.(Bsc.ag),
[edit] Industries
[edit] SIDA (Satharia Industrial Development Authority)
Satharia Industrial Development Authority was established in November 1989 by the Govt. of Uttar Pradesh, under U.P. Industrial Area Development Act, 1976 to facilitate concentrated effort on Industrial development of eastern Uttar Pradesh.
In its first phase of activity, the authority has a fully developed growth center area on 508 acres (2.06 km2) of land, under growth center scheme of Govt. of India.
Virtually all kind of industrial, commercial and social infrastructural facilities, such as Medical, Educational, Residential, Roads, Transportation, drainage, Telecommunication, dedicated industrial power 33/11 kV supply, post office, bank water supply, community center, shopping centre, field hostel etc, have been fully established and are operative.
[edit] Landmarks
There are a huge number of tourist attractions in Jaunpur. Every year thousands of visitors come from every corner of the world to visit Jaunpur. The tourist attractions in Jaunpur include monuments, museums, holy places, etc.
Following are important landmarks of Janunpur :
[edit] Monuments
[edit] Museums
[edit] Holy places
- Atala Masjid
- Jami Masjid
- Lal Darwaza Masjid
- Kadam Rasool
- Sadar Imambara
- Shitla Choukiya Dham
- Temple of Maihar Devi
- Temple of Sheetla Devi
- Trilochan Mahadev Temple
[edit] Also famous for
- Imartee/Imirtee - a sweet like Jalebi made from Urad lentil,
- Jaunpuri Mooli/Radish - it can grow up to four feet long,
- Atom Bomb - a mouthwatering sweet from Sujanganj. It is made from dry fruits stuffed in Chhenna. It is big size (diameter ≈ 3 inches).
- Dohara - one of the famous Paan-masala like stuff which is made using Supari (Betel nut), Kattha and Opium water.
- Perfumes, or Itra ( in Urdu language).
- Dhanush Yagya - a folk fare and non-stage enactment of period between Lord Rama's marriage and his departure into exile for 14 years. This event is organized in Sabeli by local villages and other surrounding areas. It is celebrated every year and has glorious history of more than 100 years.
[edit] Famous personalities
- Lalji Singh: The director of the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, India. A prominent research scientist in the fields of molecular biology, DNA fingerprinting, silkworm genome analysis, human genome and ancient DNA studies.
[edit] Demographics
As of 2001 India census[1], Jaunpur had a population of 159,996. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Jaunpur has an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 71%, and female literacy is 58%. In Jaunpur, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.
[edit] References
- ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
