Jean Bethke Elshtain

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Jean Bethke Elshtain (born 1941) is an American author, political philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago and Georgetown University.

Contents

Biography [edit]

Elshtain was born on January 6, 1941 in Windsor, Colorado and grew up in Timnath, Colorado.[1] She is from a Lutheran background.[2] She received an AB Colorado State University and masters degrees in history from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and the University of Colorado.[3] She received her Ph.D. from Brandeis University in Massachusetts in 1973, writing her dissertation on 'Women and Politics: A Theoretical Analysis'.

Elshtain taught from 1973 to 1988 at the University of Massachusetts and then from 1988 to 1995 she taught at Vanderbilt University as the first woman to hold an endowed professorship. Elshtain was selected as a Phi Beta Kappa scholar, a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton University, a Guggenheim Fellow and recipient of nine honorary degrees. In 1995 she became a professor at University of Chicago. She is the Laura Spelman Rockefeller Professor of Social and Political Ethics at the University of Chicago Divinity School, and is a contributing editor for The New Republic. She is also a Visiting Distinguished Professor of Religion and Politics at Baylor University.

She is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and she has served on the Boards of the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, and the National Humanities Center. She is the recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship and has received nine honorary degrees. In 2002, Elshtain received the Frank J. Goodnow award, the highest award for distinguished service to the profession given by the American Political Science Association.[4]

The focus of Elshtain's work is an exploration of the relationship between politics and ethics. Much of her work is concerned with the parallel development of male and female gender roles as they pertain to public and private social participation. Since the September 11, 2001 attacks she has been one of the more visible academic supporters of U.S. military intervention in Afghanistan and Iraq.

She has published over five hundred essays and authored and/or edited over twenty books, including Democracy on Trial, Just War Against Terror: The Burden of American Power in a Violent World, Jane Addams and the Dream of American Democracy, Augustine and the Limits of Politics, and " Sovereignty: God, State, Self.

In 2006, she was appointed by President George W. Bush to the Council of the National Endowment for the Humanities, and also delivered the prestigious Gifford Lectures at the University of Edinburgh, joining such previous Gifford Lecturers as William James, Hannah Arendt, Karl Barth, and Reinhold Niebuhr. In 2008, Elshtain received a second presidential appointment to the President's Council on Bioethics.

Over the course of the last thirty-five years, Elshtain has contributed to national debates on the family, the roles of men and women, the state of American Democracy, and International relations.

Analysis of major works [edit]

Elshtain’s importance to the United States stems both from her impact in political ethics, and also her position in society as a woman. Carlin Romano, author of America the Philosophical, explains in his work that Elshtain’s aim “was not so much to lobby for specific policies as to push for good civic-minded ‘individualism’ over’ the egoism of “bad individualism,”.[5]

One of her more popular titles, Women and War, Elshtain examines women’s roles in war as contrasted against masculine roles and why these concepts are important to society. The work finally draws conclusions by what Elshtain comments is the proper approach to any topic: remaining open during discussion and trying not to impose one’s own preconceived thoughts on the subject, allowing one to get the most truth out of it.[6] Beginning by examining America’s societal interpretations of gender roles during wartime (man as a brave fighter and woman as a pacifist), Elshtain argues that men may make poor civic soldiers due to the fact that they are predisposed to a dangerous kind of eager adolescence on the battlefield, while women may be enthusiastically patriotic and possess a kind of necessary maturity, which is vital to successful combat.[7]

One of Elshtain’s more famous works, Democracy on Trial, demonstrates her quality of objective relevance to society by reflecting on democracy in America. In this work, Elshtain discusses how socio-cultural insistencies on ‘difference’ or ‘separatism’ have evolved since the ratification of the Constitution, and how it may be detrimental to our own system.[8] Elshtain does not deny the importance of difference, especially within a civic body. Rather, she recognizes that Americans are no longer acting as representative bodies in our governments, which embrace separate interests and also work as a collective towards the betterment of the whole,[9] Elshtain, like James Madison, explains that American factional hostility is only a detriment to our society: “one makes war with enemies: one does politics – democratic politics – with opponents,”[10] Notice the distinction Elshtain makes by using the word ‘opponents,’ implying that human beings will always run into differences of opinion with each other, but that does not require that we put ourselves against each other for trivial matters.

Selected works [edit]

Books [edit]

  • Sovereignty: God, State, Self (2008)
  • Just War against Terror: The Burden of American Power in a Violent World (2003)
  • Jane Addams and the Dream of American Democracy (2002)
  • Who Are We? Critical Reflections and Hopeful Possibilities. Politics and Ethical Discourse (2000)
  • New Wine in Old Bottles: International Politics and Ethical Discourse (1998)
  • Real Politics: Political Theory and Everyday Life (1997)
  • Augustine and the Limits of Politics (1996)
  • Democracy on Trial (1993)
  • Just War Theory (1991)
  • Power Trips and Other Journeys (1990)
  • Women and War (1987)
  • Meditations on Modern Political Thought (1986)
  • Public Man, Private Woman: Women in Social and Political Thought (1981)

Articles [edit]

  • "The Self: Reborn, Undone, Transformed". TELOS 44 (Summer 1980). New York: Telos Press

References [edit]

  1. ^ Gifford Lectures http://www.giffordlectures.org/Author.asp?AuthorID=271 (accessed March 5, 2013)
  2. ^ ‘Arguing about War’ New York Review of Books, DECEMBER 16, 2004, Jean Bethke Elshtain, reply by Garry Wills http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2004/dec/16/arguing-about-war/?pagination=false
  3. ^ Gifford Lectures http://www.giffordlectures.org/Author.asp?AuthorID=271 (accessed March 5, 2013)
  4. ^ "New Members Join Humanities Endowment's National Council.". The America's Intelligence Wire. November 15, 2006. Retrieved 2009-10-22. 
  5. ^ Romano, Carlin. America the Philosophical. New York: Indiana University Press, 2012. 432. Print.
  6. ^ Elshtain, Jean Bethke. Women and War. University of Chicago Press 1995 Edition. New York: Basic Books, 1995. xi-xii. Print.
  7. ^ Elshtain, Jean Bethke. Women and War. University of Chicago Press 1995 Edition. New York: Basic Books, 1995. xi-xii. Print.
  8. ^ Romano, Carlin. America the Philosophical. New York: Indiana University Press, 2012. 431-433. Print.
  9. ^ Elshtain, Jean Bethke. Democracy on Trial. New York: Basic Books, 1995. 65-66. Print.
  10. ^ Elshtain, Jean Bethke. Democracy on Trial. New York: Basic Books, 1995. 68. Print.

External links [edit]

Authority control
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