Jesse M. Unruh

Jesse Marvin Unruh
54th Speaker of the California State Assembly
In office September 1961 – January, 1969
Preceded by	Ralph M. Brown
Succeeded by	Robert T. Monagan
26th California State Treasurer
In office 1975–1987
Governor	Jerry Brown George Deukmejian
Preceded by	Ivy Baker Priest
Succeeded by	Elizabeth Whitney
Personal details
Born	September 30, 1922 Newton, Kansas
Died	August 4, 1987(1987-08-04) (aged 64) Marina Del Rey, California
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	Virginia June Lemon

Jesse Marvin Unruh (September 30, 1922 – August 4, 1987), also known as Big Daddy Unruh, was a prominent U.S. Democratic politician and the California State Treasurer.

Early life

Born in Newton, Kansas, Unruh served in the U.S. Navy during World War II. After the war, he enrolled at the University of Southern California, receiving a B.A. in Political Science and Journalism in 1948.

Political career

Unruh's political career began as an unsuccessful candidate for the California State Assembly in 1950 and 1952. He was elected as a member of the Assembly on his third attempt in 1954. In 1956, he was an unsuccessful candidate for Presidential Elector on the Democratic ticket for California. During 1959, he authored California's Unruh Civil Rights Act, which outlawed discrimination by businesses that offer services to the public, and was a model for later reforms enacted nationally during the 1960s and 1970s. Unruh was Speaker of the California State Assembly from 1961 to 1969 and a delegate to Democratic National Convention from California in 1960 and 1968.

As a national figure in the Democratic Party, he often feuded with fellow Democrat Governor Pat Brown (1959–67) and was a case-study in the James Q. Wilson treatise on machine politics, The Amateur Democrat.

As an early supporter of the 1968 Presidential campaign of Robert F. Kennedy, Unruh emerged as a pivotal figure before the Democratic Convention. He helped Kennedy capture the California Primary in June, but an assassin's bullet that same night ended Kennedy's life. In the confusion that followed, Unruh helped keep suspect Sirhan Sirhan from the reach of angry Kennedy supporters. After an unsuccessful effort, led by Unruh and Mayor Richard J. Daley of Chicago, to draft Senator Edward M. Kennedy, he finally endorsed Eugene McCarthy at the 1968 Democratic Convention in Chicago.

Unruh left the legislature to run unsuccessfully for Governor against Ronald Reagan in 1970 and ran, again unsuccessfully, for Mayor of Los Angeles in 1973.

When he ran for State Treasurer in 1974, the post was considered a "political backwater." Unruh's radio advertisements assured voters, "Make no mistake about it, I really want this job." Once elected, Unruh transformed the office into a powerhouse of state and national politics. The Wall street Journal noted he became "the most politically powerful public finance officer outside the U.S. Treasury." California pension funds were a major source of revenue for Wall Street underwriting firms, and Unruh secured campaign contributions in exchange for steering business their way. The New York Times said he had taken over "an obscure post whose duties had long emphasized bookkeeping. In characteristic fashion, he soon transformed the job into a source of financial and political power that reached from California to Wall Street." Because as Treasurer he was ex-officio member of many California boards and commissions, Unruh oversaw "the raising and expenditure of virtually all the state's money and consolidated his influence over billions of dollars in public investments and pension funds."

He served as State Treasurer from 1975 until his death from prostate cancer on August 4, 1987.

The University of Southern California Department of Political Science includes the Jesse M. Unruh Institute of Politics.

Personal life

According to an apocryphal tale, Unruh was nicknamed "Big Daddy" by Raquel Welch, when the two were allegedly romantically involved. Welch denies the claim. It is more likely that the nickname comes from a character in the Tennessee Williams play, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof.

Unruh was a Protestant and belonged to the American Legion. He married twice, and had five children. He is buried in Santa Monica, California.

Quotes

On campaign contributions – "Money is the mother's milk of politics." 1966

On lobbyists – "If you can't eat their food, drink their booze, screw their women and then vote against them, you have no business being up here."

See also

• Glenn E. Coolidge

References

• Cannon, Lou. Ronnie and Jesse: A Political Odyssey (New York: Doubleday,1969) LCCN 78-87099
• Herzberg, Donald G., and Jess Unruh. Essays on the State Legislative Process (New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1970)
• Mills, James R. A Disorderly House, The Brown-Unruh Years in Sacramento (Berkeley: Heyday Books, 1987)
• Putnam, Jackson K (2005) Jess: The Political Career of Jesse Marvin Unruh. New York: University Press of America. ISBN 978-0-7618-3067-2.
• Boyarsky, Bill (2007) Big Daddy: Jesse Unruh and the Art of Power Politics. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-21967-0

External links

• The USC Jesse M. Unruh Institute of Politics biography on Jesse M. Unruh
• Jesse Unruh Political History
• The Jesse M. Unruh Assembly Fellows Program

Political offices
Preceded by Ralph M. Brown	Speaker of the California State Assembly September 1961 – January 1969	Succeeded by Bob Monagan
Preceded by Ivy Baker Priest	California State Treasurer 1975–1987	Succeeded by Elizabeth Whitney