Jewish Federation
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It has been suggested that Jewish Federation of Greater Kansas City and Jewish Federation of Greater Indianapolis be merged into this article or section. (Discuss) Proposed since January 2012. |
A Jewish Federation is a confederation of various Jewish social agencies, volunteer programs, educational bodies, and related organizations, found within most cities in North America that host a viable Jewish community. Their broad purpose is to provide "human services", generally, but not exclusively, to the local Jewish community.[1].
[edit] History
The first Jewish federation was founded in Boston in 1895.[1] Federations were soon formed in Cincinnati, then in many other cities.[1][2]
[edit] Structure
Each federation is autonomous from federations of other cities and they tend to focus on local concerns.[1] The federations typically have elected boards or trustees that are accountable to the community, paid staff, and volunteer leadership.[1]
[edit] Fundraising and spending
Federations raise money for central "community chests" that support the organizations of the entire local Jewish community.[1] Between 30 and 50 percent of Jewish households in the United States typically contribute to their local federation.[1]
They engage in centralized planning for the needs of the local community, and may provide centralized administrative services for their constituent agencies.[1] Federation spending and efforts have adapted as the need for particular social services has changed—for example, from Jewish orphanage work in the early 1900s to retirement homes in the late 1900s.[1]
More than half of all funds raised by federations are earmarked for various local Jewish social service agencies, with the largest single allocation to Jewish education, typically constituting 25 percent.[1] After education, Jewish community centers, family and child services, homes for the aged, and campus Hillels are the next largest drawers of financial support.[1]
[edit] Role in community
Jewish federations can wield a sizable degree of influence in the Jewish communities in which they are located.[3] Many of the local federations hold annual fundraising drives that are expected to raise most of the next year's budgeting for many community programs.[3] In return, in many communities the agencies which receive funding from the federation agree not to engage in major fundraising for themselves for a number of months often called the "primacy period" when the local federation's fundraising has primacy. Decisions made by the local federations can have a great impact on the community,[1] including the opening or closing of programs, staff hirings and firings, and land purchases and sales.
A significant feature of the annual federation campaign is "Super Sunday", a day designated for community-wide phone banking, seeking contributions from members of the community.[4]
[edit] National umbrella organization
The original umbrella organization for the federations was the National Council of Jewish Federations and Welfare Funds.[5][4] "National" was dropped from the name in 1935 and "Welfare Funds" was removed in 1979.[5]
In 1999, the CJF merged with the United Jewish Appeal to become the United Jewish Communities.[5] In October 2009, the UJC was renamed the Jewish Federations of North America.[6]
After the 2009 launch of the new logo for The Jewish Federations of North America, increasing numbers of local Federations are switching to some variant of that logo. An example is the Jewish Federation of Greater Washington.[7]
Four hundred smaller Jewish communities in North America are members of the Network of Independent Communities[8], which are administered via the JFNA.
[edit] List of federations in the United States[9]
[edit] Alabama
The Birmingham Jewish Federation
[edit] Arizona
Jewish Federation of Greater Phoenix
Jewish Federation of Southern Arizona
[edit] Arkansas
Jewish Federation of Arkansas
[edit] California
Jewish Community Federation of the Greater East Bay
Jewish Federation of Greater Long Beach & West Orange County
Jewish Federation of Greater Los Angeles
Jewish Federation of Orange County
Jewish Federation of Palm Springs and Desert Area
Jewish Federation of the Greater Sacramento Region
Jewish Federation of San Diego
Jewish Community Federation of San Francisco, Peninsula, Marin & Sonoma Counties
Jewish Federation of Silicon Valley
Jewish Federation of Greater Santa Barbara
Jewish Federation of Ventura County
[edit] Colorado
Allied Jewish Federation of Colorado
[edit] Connecticut
The Jewish Federation Inc. (Danbury)
Jewish Federation of Eastern Connecticut, Inc.
UJA/Federation of Eastern Fairfield County
UJA/Federation of Greenwich
Jewish Federation of Greater Hartford
Jewish Federation of Greater New Haven
United Jewish Federation of Greater Stamford, New Canaan and Darien
The Federation & Foundation Jewish Communities of Western Connecticut, Inc.
UJA/Federation of Westport-Weston-Wilton-Norwalk
[edit] Delaware
Jewish Federation of Delaware
[edit] District of Columbia
Jewish Federation of Greater Washington
[edit] Florida
Jewish Federation of Brevard
United Jewish Community of Broward County
Jewish Federation of Collier County
Jacksonville Jewish Federation
Jewish Federation of Lee & Charlotte Counties
Greater Miami Jewish Federation
Jewish Federation of Greater Orlando
Jewish Federation of Palm Beach County
Jewish Federation of Pinellas & Pasco Counties
Jewish Federation of Sarasota-Manatee
Jewish Federation of South Palm Beach County
Tampa Jewish Community Center & Federation, Inc.
Jewish Federation of Volusia & Flagler Counties
[edit] Georgia
Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta
Augusta Jewish Federation
Savannah Jewish Federation
[edit] Illinois
Champaign-Urbana Jewish Federation
Jewish United Fund/ Jewish Federation of Metropolitan Chicago
Jewish Federation of Peoria
Jewish Federation of the Quad Cities
Jewish Federation of Greater Rockford
Jewish Federation of Southern Illinois, Southeastern Missouri and Western Kentucky
Springfield Jewish Federation
[edit] Indiana
Fort Wayne Jewish Federation
Jewish Federation of Greater Indianapolis
Jewish Federation of Northwest Indiana
Jewish Federation of St Joseph Valley
[edit] Iowa
Jewish Federation of Des Moines
Jewish Federation of Sioux City
[edit] Kansas
Jewish Federation of Greater Kansas City
Mid-Kansas Jewish Federation
[edit] Kentucky
Jewish Federation of the Bluegrass, Inc.
Jewish Community Federation of Louisville
[edit] Louisiana
Jewish Federation of Greater Baton Rouge
Jewish Federation of Greater New Orleans
North Louisiana Jewish Federation
[edit] Maine
Jewish Community Alliance of Southern Maine
[edit] Maryland
THE ASSOCIATED: Jewish Community Federation of Baltimore
Jewish Federation of Howard County
[edit] Massachusetts
Jewish Federation of the Berkshires
Combined Jewish Philanthropies of Greater Boston
Jewish Federation of Central Massachusetts
Fall River UJA, Inc.
Merrimack Valley Jewish Federation
Jewish Federation of Greater New Bedford
Jewish Federation of the North Shore
The Jewish Federation of Western Massachusetts
[edit] Michigan
Jewish Federation of Greater Ann Arbor
Jewish Federation of Metropolitan Detroit
Flint Jewish Federation
Jewish Federation of Grand Rapids
[edit] Minnesota
Minneapolis Jewish Federation
United Jewish Fund and Council (St Paul)
[edit] Missouri
Jewish Federation of St Louis
Jewish Federation of Greater Kansas City
[edit] Nebraska
Jewish Federation of Omaha
[edit] Nevada
Jewish Federation of Las Vegas
[edit] New Hampshire
Jewish Federation of New Hampshire
[edit] New Jersey
Jewish Federation of Atlantic and Cape May Counties
Jewish Federation of Central New Jersey
Jewish Federation of Greater Clifton-Passaic
Jewish Federation of Cumberland, Gloucester & Salem Counties
The United Jewish Communities of MetroWest New Jersey
Jewish Federation of Greater Middlesex County
Jewish Federation of Greater Monmouth County
Jewish Federation of Northern New Jersey
Jewish Federation of Ocean County
United Jewish Federation of Princeton Mercer-Bucks
Jewish Federation of Somerset, Hunterdon & Warren Counties
Jewish Federation of Southern New Jersey
[edit] New Mexico
Jewish Federation of New Mexico
[edit] New York
Jewish Federation of Greater Buffalo
Jewish Federation of Dutchess County
Jewish Community Federation of the Mohawk Valley & Jewish Community of Utica NY
UJA-Federation of New York
Jewish Federation of Northeastern New York
Jewish Federation of Greater Orange County New York
Jewish Community Federation of Greater Rochester
Jewish Federation of Rockland County
Syracuse Jewish Federation
[edit] North Carolina
Jewish Federation of Greater Charlotte
Durham-Chapel Hill Jewish Federation
Greensboro Jewish Federation
Raleigh-Cary Jewish Federation
[edit] Ohio
Jewish Community Board of Akron
Jewish Community Federation of Canton
Jewish Federation of Cincinnati
Jewish Community Federation of Cleveland
Columbus Jewish Federation
Jewish Federation of Greater Dayton
Jewish Federation of Greater Toledo
Youngstown Area Jewish Federation
[edit] Oklahoma
Jewish Federation of Greater Oklahoma City
Jewish Federation of Tulsa
[edit] Oregon
Jewish Federation of Greater Portland
[edit] Pennsylvania
United Jewish Community of Greater Harrisburg
Jewish Federation of the Lehigh Valley
Jewish Federation of Greater Philadelphia
United Jewish Federation of Pittsburgh
Jewish Federation of Reading PA Inc.
The Jewish Federation of Northeastern Pennsylvania
Jewish Federation of Greater Wilkes-Barre
[edit] Rhode Island
Jewish Federation of Rhode Island
[edit] South Carolina
Charleston Jewish Federation
The Jewish Federation of Columbia
[edit] Tennessee
Jewish Community Federation of Greater Chattanooga
Knoxville Jewish Alliance
Memphis Jewish Federation
Jewish Federation of Nashville and Middle Tennessee
[edit] Texas
Jewish Community Association of Austin
Jewish Federation of Greater Dallas
Jewish Federation of El Paso, Inc
Jewish Federation of Fort Worth & Tarrant County
Jewish Federation of Greater Houston
Jewish Federation of San Antonio
[edit] Utah
United Jewish Federation of Utah
[edit] Virginia
Jewish Community Federation of Richmond
United Jewish Federation of Tidewater
United Jewish Community of the Virginia Peninsula
[edit] Washington
Jewish Federation of Greater Seattle
[edit] Wisconsin
Jewish Federation of Madison
Milwaukee Jewish Federation
[edit] Federations in Canada
Jewish Federations of Canada - UIA (Formerly UIA Federations Canada) Jewish Federations of Canada - UIA operates in Canada and Israel to strengthen the connection and commitment of Canadian Jews to one another and to Israel. Programs and services focus on social services, strengthening Jewish community, building Jewish identity in the next generation and advocating for Israel and world Jewry. It provides direct programs and services to ten Canadian Jewish federations, four regional councils and to over 40 independent regional Jewish. communities. Visit www.jewishcanada.org to learn more.
The 10 Federated Jewish communities in Canada are:
Jewish Federation of Calgary
Jewish Federation of Edmonton
Jewish Federation of Greater Vancouver
Jewish Federation of Winnipeg
UJA Jewish Federation Hamilton Ontario
London (Canada) Jewish Federation
Jewish Federation of Ottawa
UJA Federation of Greater Toronto
Windsor Jewish Federation
Federation CJA Montreal
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Feldstein, Donald (1998). "The Jewish Federation: The First Hundred Years". In Linzer, Norman. A portrait of the American Jewish community. David J. Schnall & Jerome A. Chanes. Praeger Publishers. ISBN 9780275960223. http://books.google.com/books?id=MbzhBjw3t5QC&pg=PA61&dq=%22the+first+jewish+federation%22&hl=en&ei=Y_72TdjPE4uu0AGByuClCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22the%20first%20jewish%20federation%22&f=false. Retrieved June 13, 2011.
- ^ Memories of the Jewish Midwest. Nebraska Jewish Historical Society. 1985. p. 1. http://books.google.com/books?id=lcMRAQAAIAAJ&dq=%22the%20first%20jewish%20federation%22&source=gbs_book_other_versions. Retrieved June 13, 2011.
- ^ a b Marcus, Jacob Rader (1993). United States Jewry, 1776-1985. 1. Wayne Station University Press. p. 797. ISBN 9780814321867. http://books.google.com/books?id=HHNrnexojzYC&pg=PA797&dq=jewish+federations+influential+local+communities&hl=en&ei=cQX3TfDAJs2q0AH8h8mbCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=jewish%20federations%20influential%20local%20communities&f=false. Retrieved June 13, 2011. "The Jewish Community Center receives a very substantial part of its funding from the local Jewish social-welfar foundation, which controls practically all relief and welfare agencies in every Jewish community. All told, there are about 200 such federations[...]. Because of its financial support for many of the community's basic services and institutions, the federation was very influential everywhere."
- ^ a b Elazar, Daniel Judah (1995) [1976]. Community and polity:the organizational dynamics of American Jewry. Jewish Publication Society. p. 413. ISBN 9780827605657. http://books.google.com/books?id=TU5lnnjxN6wC&pg=PA413&dq=%22super+sunday%22+jewish+federation&hl=en&ei=OQj3TbLxBcfDgQegpY3-Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDAQ6AEwATgU#v=onepage&q=%22super%20sunday%22%20jewish%20federation&f=false. Retrieved June 14, 2011. "This new phenomenon was incorporated into campaign strategy, particularly through "Super Sunday," a day-long happening featuring marches on behalf of some special financial need and massive telephoning of potential donors in a more exciting carnival-like atmosphere."
- ^ a b c Karesh, Sara E.; Hurvitz, Mitchell M. (2006). "United Jewish Communities". In Melton, J. Gordon. Encyclopedia of Judaism. Infobase Publishing. pp. 534–535. ISBN 9780816054572. http://books.google.com/books?id=Z2cCZBDm8F8C&pg=PA535&dq=%22council+of+jewish+federations%22+%22united+jewish+communities%22&hl=en&ei=pg73Taf3M4LogQeLwtz7Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22council%20of%20jewish%20federations%22%20%22united%20jewish%20communities%22&f=false. Retrieved 2011-06-14. "In 1932 the National Council of Jewish Federations and Welfare Funds (NCJFWF) united the Jewish federations across the country. In 1935 the organization changed its name to the Council of Jewish Federations and Welfare Funds (CJFWF), and in 1979 the name became the Council of Jewish Federations (CJF). [...] In 1999, the United Jewish Appeal and the Council of Jewish Federations merged to become the United Jewish Communities."
- ^ Elliott, Stuart (May 17, 2010). "You Don’t Have to Be Jewish to Love This Campaign". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/17/business/media/17adnewsletter1.html. Retrieved June 14, 2011. "...the Jewish Federations, which changed its name in October from the United Jewish Communities."
- ^ "Jewish Federation of Greater Washington adaptation of JFNA logo". The Jewish Federations of North America. http://www.shalomdc.org/index.aspx?page=1. Retrieved January 5, 2010.
- ^ "Network of Independent Communities". The Jewish Federations of North America. January 5, 2010. http://www.jewishfederations.org/page.aspx?ID=157084. Retrieved January 5, 2010.
- ^ "United States Jewish Federations (alphabetical by state)" (PDF). The Jewish Federations of North America. April 27, 2011. Archived from the original on June 14, 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5zQhzmudD. Retrieved June 14, 2011.
