John Foster, 1st Baron Oriel

For other people named John Foster, see John Foster (disambiguation).

Lord Oriel.

John Foster, 1st Baron Oriel (1740 – 23 August 1828) was an Irish peer and politician.

He was the son of Anthony Foster of Louth, an Irish judge (son of John Foster of Dunleer, MP for Dunleer). He was elected Member of Parliament (MP) to the Irish House of Commons for Dunleer in 1761, a seat he held until 1769. He made his mark in financial and commercial questions, being appointed Irish Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1784. His law giving bounties on the exportation of corn and imposing heavy taxes on its importation is noted by William Lecky as responsible for making Ireland an arable instead of a pasture country. In 1785 he became Speaker of the Irish House of Commons.

Foster lived in Merville, now part of the University College Dublin Campus in Clonskeagh, which came into his ownership in 1778.

The Foster homestead at Collon, co. Louth

In 1768, Foster was elected for Navan and in 1783 for Sligo Borough. Both times he had also stood for Louth, which constituency he then chose to represent. He held this seat until the Act of Union in 1801, which he opposed. He ultimately refused to surrender the Speaker's mace, which was kept by his family. Foster was returned to the united parliament as a member for County Louth, and in 1804 became Irish Chancellor of the Exchequer under Pitt. In 1821 he was created a peer of the United Kingdom as Baron Oriel, of Ferrard, in the County of Louth, and died on the 23rd of August 1828.

His elder son, John Foster, was MP for Dunleer 1790-92 and dvp before 18 April 1792. That John should not be confused with John William Foster, MP for [Dunleer] 1783 - 90.

His wife (d. 1824) had in 1790 been created an Irish peeress, as Baroness Oriel, and in 1797 Viscountess Ferrard; and their younger son, Thomas Henry (1772–1843), who married Viscountess Massereene (in her own right) and took the name of Skeffington, inherited all these titles; the later Viscounts Massereene being their descendants.

One of his first cousins married Elizabeth Hervey, aka Lady Bess Foster, aka Elizabeth, Duchess of Devonshire. His younger brother was Lord Bishop Foster.

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 

External links

• Foster papers Online at the Northern Ireland Public Records Office

Biography & Letters

APW Malcomson: "John Foster: The politics of the Anglo-Irish Ascendancy" ISBN 0199200874 - 504 pages - 1978 Oxford: Oxford University Press APW Malcomson: *An Anglo-Irish Dialogue: A Calendar of the Correspondence between John Foster and Lord Sheffield 1774-1821" ISBN 0905691008 - 102 pages - 1975 Belfast: Public Record Office of Northern Ireland

Parliament of Ireland
Preceded by Anthony Foster Thomas Tenison	Member of Parliament for Dunleer 1761–1769 With: Thomas Tenison 1761–1762 Dixie Coddington 1762–1769	Succeeded by Robert Sibthorpe Dixie Coddington
Preceded by John Preston Joseph Preston	Member of Parliament for Navan 1768–1769 With: Joseph Preston	Succeeded by John Preston Joseph Preston
Preceded by Stephen Sibthorpe James Fortescue	Member of Parliament for Louth 1768 – 1801 With: James Fortescue 1768–1782 Thomas James Fortescue 1782–1796 William Charles Fortescue 1796–1801	Succeeded by Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Richard Hely-Hutchinson Owen Wynne	Member of Parliament for Sligo Borough 1783 With: Owen Wynne	Succeeded by Owen Wynne Thomas Dawson
Parliament of the United Kingdom
New constituency	Member of Parliament for Louth 1801 – 1821 With: William Charles Fortescue to 1806 Viscount Jocelyn 1806–1807 John Jocelyn 1807–1810 Viscount Jocelyn 1810–1820 John Jocelyn from August 1810	Succeeded by Thomas Skeffington and John Jocelyn
Political offices
Preceded by Edmund Sexton Pery	Speaker of the Irish House of Commons 1785 – 1801	Succeeded by Position abolished
Peerage of the United Kingdom
New creation	Baron Oriel 1821–1828	Succeeded by Thomas Skeffington