John Piper (artist)

Middle Mill, Pembrokeshire (1982).

The Baptistry Window at Coventry Cathedral, designed by John Piper.

John Egerton Christmas Piper CH (13 December 1903 – 28 June 1992) was a 20th-century English painter and printmaker. For much of his life he lived at Fawley Bottom in Buckinghamshire, near Henley-on-Thames.

Life

Piper, the son of a solicitor, was born in Epsom, Surrey, in 1903. He was educated at Epsom College and trained at the Richmond School of Art, followed by the Royal College of Art in London. He turned from abstraction early in his career, concentrating on a more naturalistic but distinctive approach.

As a child, John Piper lived in Epsom which was, in those days, in the countryside. He would go exploring on his bike, and would draw and paint pictures of old churches and monuments on the way. He started making his own guide books at a young age, complete with pictures and information. When it came to finishing at Epsom College, Piper wanted to go to art school, to study to become an artist. However, Piper's father Charles disagreed, and wanted him to be a solicitor like himself. They formed an agreement that John Piper would work for his father in London for three years, and then could pursue whatever career he chose. However, John failed the law exams. Charles Piper died soon after, so John was free to become an artist. His work often focused on the British landscape, especially churches.

Piper was appointed an official war artist in World War II from 1940-1942. The morning after the Air Raid that destroyed Coventry Cathedral, Piper produced his first painting of bomb damage, Interior of Coventry Cathedral now exhibited at the Herbert Art Gallery. Jeffery Daniels in The Times described the painting of the ruins as "all the more poignant for the exclusion of a human element". It has been described as "Britain's Guernica".

He collaborated with many others, including the poet John Betjeman (on the Shell Guides), as well as with the potter Geoffrey Eastop and the artist Ben Nicholson. In later years he produced many limited-edition prints.

Along with Patrick Reyntiens he designed the stained glass windows for the new Coventry Cathedral, and later for the Chapel of Robinson College, Cambridge. Washington National Cathedral prominently features his large window, "The Land Is Bright". He also designed windows for many smaller churches. Piper created tapestries for Chichester Cathedral and Hereford Cathedral. He was a set designer for the theatre, including the Kenton Theatre in Henley and Llandaff Cathedral in Cardiff. He also designed many of the premiere productions of Benjamin Britten's operas at Glyndebourne Festival Opera, the Royal Opera House, La Fenice and the Aldeburgh Festival, as well as for some of the operas of Alun Hoddinott.

Piper also wrote extensively on modern art in books and articles. With his wife, Myfanwy Piper, he founded the contemporary art journal, Axis.

John Piper died at Fawley Bottom, where he lived in Buckinghamshire, on 28 June 1992. His children include painters Edward Piper and Sebastian Piper, and his grandchildren include painter Luke Piper and sculptor Henry Piper.

His auction record, £325,250, was set at Sotheby's on 15 July 2008 for "Forms on Dark Blue", a 3' by 4' oil painted in 1936.

Exhibitions

182 of his works are in the Tate collection, including etchings and some earlier abstractions. Major retrospective exhibitions have been held at Tate Britain (1983–1984), the Dulwich Picture Gallery, the Imperial War Museum, the River and Rowing Museum, and the Museum of Reading.

Quotations

• Abstraction is a luxury that has been left to the present day to exploit.
• Abstraction is the way to the heart — it is not the heart itself.

Stained glass

The following are examples of stained glass designed by John Piper:

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  The Church of St Mary The Virgin, Lamberhurst, Kent

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  East window in the Chapel of St John, Lichfield, Staffordshire

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  East window in St Peter's Church, Babraham, Cambridgeshire

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  The Baptistry Window at Coventry Cathedral.

Further reading

• Levinson, Orde, The Prints of John Piper: Quality and Experiment — A Catalogue Raisonné 1923–91: Revised and Expanded Third Edition, Farnham, Lund Humphries, 2010 (ISBN 978-1-84822-063-8).
• Bowen, Jane (curator), John Piper centenary Crossing boundaries, 2002 (ISBN 0-9535571-4-6).
• Davis, Howard, A Great Job Of Work For All Time. John Piper - Unknown Mosaicist, Andamento No.3 2009 [British Association for Modern Mosaic] OCLC 226080837
• Heathcote, David, A Shell Eye on England: The Shell County Guides 1934-1984, Faringdon: Libri Publishing, 2010 (ISBN 978-1- 907471-07-0)
• Jenkins, David Fraser & Piper, John, A Painter's Camera, London: Tate Gallery Publications,1987 (ISBN 0-946590-81-8)
• Jenkins, David Fraser, John Piper — The Robert and Rena Lewin Gift to the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford: Ashmolean Museum, 1992 (ISBN 1-85444-025-X).
• Ingrams, Richard & Piper, John, Piper's Places: John Piper in England and Wales, London: Chatto & Windus, The Hogarth Press, 1983 (ISBN 0-7011-2550-0).
• Levinson, Orde, Quality and Experiment: The Prints of John Piper — A Catalogue Raisonné 1932–91, London: Lund Humphries Publishers, 1996 (ISBN 0-85331-690-2).
• Spalding, Frances, John Piper, Myfanwy Piper: Lives in Art, Oxford University Press, 2009 (ISBN 978-0-19-956761-4).
• Powers, Alan, et al., Piper in print, Artist's Choice Edition, 2010 (ISBN 978-0-9558343-2-5).
• West, Anthony, John Piper, Secker & Warburg, 1979 (ISBN 0-436-56591-9).
• Woods, S. John, John Piper Paintings Drawings & Theatre Designs 1932–1954, New York: Curt Valentin, 1955.
• Wortley, Laura, John Piper — Master of Diversity, Henley-on-Thames: River and Rowing Museum, 2000 (ISBN 0-9535571-1-1) OCLC 55970238

External links

• Artcyclopedia entry
• Artnet entry
• Shell Guides website
• David Heathcote's A Shell Eye on England
• John Piper at the Tate Gallery Archive
• Photo
• Film about John Piper in the Arts Council England Film Collection
• "Christ Between Saints Peter and Paul — Stained Glass designed by John Piper". Glass. Victoria and Albert Museum. http://www.vam.ac.uk/collections/glass/glass_features/stained_glass/sacred_stained_glass/featured_panels/christ_peter_paul/index.html. Retrieved 2007-06-16.