Johns Hopkins University

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Johns Hopkins University
Seal of the Johns Hopkins University
Motto:	Veritas vos Liberabit           (Latin)
Motto in English:	the Truth will Free you
Established:	1876
Type:	Private
Endowment:	US $2.5 billion (2008)[1]
President:	Ronald J. Daniels
Provost:	Scott L. Zeger
Faculty:	3,100 (full time)[2]
Staff:	15,000 (full time)[2]
Undergraduates:	4,478[3]
Postgraduates:	14,275[4]
Location:	Baltimore, MD, U.S.A.
Campus:	Maryland Baltimore (Main) Laurel Columbia Montgomery County Washington, D.C. Bologna, Italy Nanjing, China Singapore
Colors:	Old Gold & Sable           (Academic) Columbia Blue & Black           (Athletic)
Nickname:	Blue Jays
Athletics:	Division I Lacrosse NCAA Division III Centennial Conference
Website:	www.jhu.edu

Johns Hopkins University, commonly referred to as Hopkins or JHU, is a private research university located in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Johns Hopkins also maintains full-time campuses elsewhere in Maryland, Washington, D.C., Italy, China and Singapore. It is one of fourteen founding members of the Association of American Universities.

The university is named after Johns Hopkins, who left $7 million in his 1873 will for the foundation of the university and Johns Hopkins Hospital. At the time, this was the largest philanthropic bequest in U.S. history, the equivalent of over $131 million in the year 2006. The university opened on February 22, 1876, with the stated goal of "The encouragement of research…and the advancement of individual scholars, who by their excellence will advance the sciences they pursue, and the society where they dwell."^[5]

Johns Hopkins was the first U.S. university to apply the German university model developed by Wilhelm von Humboldt and Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher.^[6] Johns Hopkins was also the first U.S. university to teach through seminars, instead of solely through lectures, as well as the first university in the United States to offer an undergraduate major (as opposed to a purely liberal arts curriculum).^[7] As such, Johns Hopkins was a model for most large research universities in the United States, particularly the University of Chicago.^[8] According to the National Science Foundation (NSF) ranking, Johns Hopkins performed $1.55 billion in science, medical and engineering research in fiscal year 2007. NSF ranked the university ^#1 among U.S. academic institutions in total Research and Development spending for the 29th year in a row.^[9]

Contents 1 History 1.1 Overview 1.2 Origin of the Name 1.3 Early Years 1.4 The Gilman Period 1.5 Modern Times 2 Campuses and Divisions 2.1 Homewood 2.1.1 Divisions 2.2 East Baltimore 2.2.1 Divisions 2.3 Downtown Baltimore 2.3.1 Divisions 2.4 Washington, D.C. 2.4.1 Division 2.5 Laurel, Maryland 2.5.1 Division 2.6 Other Campuses and Centers 2.6.1 Domestic 2.6.2 International 3 Sustainability 4 Academics 4.1 Student Body 4.2 Rankings 4.3 Libraries 5 Faculty and Research 6 Johns Hopkins University Press 7 Student Life 7.1 Fraternities and Sororities 7.2 Student Publications 8 Notable Alumni, Faculty and Staff 8.1 Presidents 8.2 Nobel Laureates 9 Athletics 9.1 Men's Lacrosse 9.2 Women's Lacrosse 9.3 Other Teams 9.4 Lacrosse Museum and Hall of Fame 10 The University in Popular Culture 11 Picture Gallery 12 References 13 External links

[edit] History

[edit] Overview

Johns Hopkins University was founded in 1876 by educational pioneers who abandoned the traditional roles of the American college and forged a new era of modern research universities by focusing on the expansion of knowledge, graduate education, and support of faculty research. The university's first president was Daniel Coit Gilman. Its motto in Latin is Veritas vos liberabit – "The truth shall set you free." While women had previously been admitted to graduate programs, the undergraduate program admitted only men until 1970. Admission of women to Johns Hopkins undergraduate programs was not considered until the late 1960s. The decision to admit females was announced in October 1969, and in the fall of 1970, women were finally admitted into the undergraduate programs. In the academic year 1970–1971, 4.7% of students in the Arts and Sciences programs were women. In the year 1985–1986 the proportion of female students in the Arts and Sciences programs had increased to around 38%. Currently, the undergraduate population is 47% female and 53% male.^[10]

[edit] Origin of the Name

The peculiar first name of philanthropist Johns Hopkins is the surname of his great-grandmother, Margaret Johns, who married Gerard Hopkins. They named their son Johns Hopkins, and his name was passed on to his grandson, the university's founder (1795–1873). Milton Eisenhower, a president of JHU, was once invited to speak to a convention in Pittsburgh. Making a common mistake, the Master of Ceremonies introduced him as "President of John Hopkins." Eisenhower retorted that he was "glad to be here in Pittburgh."^[11] In a commencement address to the undergraduate Class of 2001, university president William R. Brody had the following to say about the name: "In 1888, just 12 years after the university was founded, Mark Twain wrote about this university in a letter to a friend. He said: A few months ago I was told that the Johns Hopkins University had given me a degree. I naturally supposed this constituted me a Member of the Faculty, and so I started in to help as I could there. I told them I believed they were perfectly competent to run a college as far as the higher branches of education are concerned, but what they needed was a little help here and there from a practical commercial man. I said the public is sensitive to little things, and they wouldn't have full confidence in a college that didn't know how to spell the name John. More than a century later, we continue to bestow diplomas upon individuals of outstanding capabilities and great talent. And we continue to spell Johns with an  's'  ".^[12]

[edit] Early Years

In 1873 Johns Hopkins, a childless bachelor, bequeathed $7 million to fund a hospital and university in Baltimore, Maryland. At that time this fortune, generated primarily from the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, was the largest philanthropic gift in the history of the United States. Flush with funds, the new board searched the nation for appropriate models of higher education. Finding none to their liking, they opted for an entirely different model. It was to be a truly national school dedicated to the discovery of knowledge at an advanced level. It owed its inspiration not to America's higher educational system but to that of contemporary Germany. By following the Germanic university example, the board moved higher education in the United States away from a focus on teaching either revealed or applied knowledge to a concentration on research, the scientific discovery of new knowledge. This made Johns Hopkins the genesis of the modern research university in the United States.

[edit] The Gilman Period

Johns Hopkins was intended to be national in scope, so it could serve as a balm for a country divided in the aftermath of the Civil War. Therefore, the university's official inauguration took on great significance: 1876 was the nation's centennial year and February 22 was George Washington's birthday. The institution's viability depended most essentially on the board's choice for the first president. They chose wisely. Daniel Coit Gilman, lured away from the presidency of the University of California, helped create Johns Hopkins University and lead American higher education in new directions. Although Gilman held to some traditional goals of the denominational college, he created the first American campus focused on the faculty and their research. To Gilman, Johns Hopkins existed not for the sake of God, the state, the community, the board, the parents, or even the students, but for knowledge. Therefore, faculty who expanded knowledge were rewarded.

Connected with the new university's focus was its concentration on graduate education and the fusion of advanced scholarship with such professional schools as medicine and engineering. It was the national pacesetter in doctoral programs and was the host for numerous scholarly journals and associations. Having a faculty-oriented perspective, the university did not want its professors bogged down in remedial education, but rather wanted to attract serious, prepared students who could genuinely participate in the discovery of new knowledge. Though the opposite is often mistakenly believed, Johns Hopkins has always provided undergraduate education, although Gilman had to be persuaded to include it and other early presidents attempted to eliminate the program. However, whether undergraduate or graduate, Johns Hopkins has concentrated on providing research opportunities for all its students. And its strong ties with Johns Hopkins Hospital, a teaching and research hospital, attract students from around the nation interested in biomedical engineering and medicine.

When it opened in 1876, Johns Hopkins was considered an experiment, but it was an immediate success. It was extremely influential, and the organizers of such schools as Clark University and the University of Chicago took many of their ideas from the plan of Johns Hopkins. The first American university press was opened at Johns Hopkins in 1878. In 1889, Johns Hopkins Hospital was completed, and in 1893 the famous medical school opened.

[edit] Modern Times

The legacy of adroit leadership begun by Gilman has continued. Among the many able presidents, Milton S. Eisenhower, brother of Dwight Eisenhower, led Johns Hopkins during the 1950s and 1960s when the university's income tripled, endowment doubled, ambitious building projects were undertaken, and strong ties with Washington, DC, were developed. Because of his contributions, Eisenhower was one of two men named president emeritus. Steven Muller, who served as president from 1972 until 1990, is the only other one awarded this title - and along with Gilman is one of two to be named president of both the Johns Hopkins Hospital and the university.

Though privately endowed, Johns Hopkins University embodies what Clark Kerr called the "federal grant university," as it often tops the nation in federal research and development expenditures. Johns Hopkins University also illustrates the skewed priorities of federal grants, as the school's humanities programs cannot hope to attract research funding commensurate with that attracted by medicine, public health, engineering, and physics. Despite this imbalance, the institution remains committed to professional instruction in conjunction with academic disciplines within a true university setting. The Georgian-style Homewood campus provides an academic atmosphere that allows students to participate in extracurricular activities. In intercollegiate athletics, Johns Hopkins is famous for lacrosse and houses the National Lacrosse Hall of Fame and Museum, a fitting location because the Blue Jays have won thirty-seven national championships. At the same time, its medical school and hospital remain in their historic setting in downtown Baltimore's harbor area. The university's educational presence in Baltimore is supplemented by its economic role as the city's single largest employer.

[edit] Campuses and Divisions

[edit] Homewood

The original main university campus was in downtown Baltimore City. However, this location did not permit room for growth and the trustees began to look for a place to move. Eventually, they would relocate to the estate of Charles Carroll of Carrollton and Homewood House, a wedding gift from Charles to his son Charles Jr.

The park-like main campus of Johns Hopkins, Homewood, is set on 140 acres (0.57 km²) in the northern part of Baltimore. The architecture was modeled after the Georgian-inspired Federalist style of Homewood House. Most newer buildings resemble this style, being built of red brick with white marble trim, but lack the details. Homewood House was later used for administrative offices but now is preserved as a museum.

As a part of the donation, Hopkins was required to donate part of the land for art. As a result, the Baltimore Museum of Art, which is not part of the university, is situated next to the University's campus, just southeast of Shriver Hall.

The Decker Gardens, bordered by the Greenhouse, Nichols House and the Johns Hopkins Club, were originally known as the Botanical Gardens and were used by members of the Department of Biology to grow plants for research. By the early 1950s, the gardens no longer served an educational purpose, and in 1958, when Nichols House was built as the president's residence, they were completely re-landscaped with aesthetic criteria in mind. In 1976, the gardens were done over again, and named for trustee Alonzo G. Decker, Jr. and members of his family in appreciation for their generosity to Hopkins.

The statue in the middle of the pool, the Sea Urchin, was sculpted by Edward Berge. It stood in Mount Vernon Place, near the Washington Monument, for 34 years before being replaced by a 7'10" copy, which fit in better with its monumental surroundings. Frank R. Huber, the man who left the city the money to make the copy, asked that the original be given to Paul M. Higinbotham, who donated it to the university. North of the campus, also on Charles Street, we find the Evergreen House, one of Hopkins' museums.

In 1997, the university purchased the vacant 200,000 square foot former Eastern High School, immediately across from Memorial Stadium on East 33rd Street, one mile east of Homewood. It reopened in 2001, largely occupied by administrative offices.^[13]

A second campus expansion called Charles Commons was completed in September 2006, is located across Charles St from Homewood, at 33rd Street between Charles and St. Paul Streets. The approximately 350,000 sq ft (33,000 m²) development includes housing for approximately 618 students, with supporting amenity spaces; a central dining facility and specialty dining area with seating capacity of approximately 330; an approximately 29,000 sq ft (2,700 m²). bookstore run by Barnes and Noble College Division.

The Decker Quadrangle development constitutes the last large building site on the contiguous Homewood campus of the Johns Hopkins University, making it the most important project on campus since the development of the two original quadrangles. In this first phase, the project includes a visitors and admissions center, a computational sciences building ^[14], and an underground parking structure, creating a new quadrangle, south of Garland Hall, named in honor of Alonso G. and Virginia G. Decker. Importantly, the project establishes a new public entrance for the campus and recognizes the potential for future growth of campus activities sited across Wyman Park Drive.

Recently, the university announced a $73 million renovation of Gilman Hall, the academic centerpiece of the Homewood Campus. The renovation will include updating all classrooms in the building, as well as a full replacement of the infrastructure of the building. Gilman hall, superficially renovated in the 1980s will now include a movie theater and a large atrium, with a glass roof. The atrium will have a sky-walk from the entrance of the building to the Hutzler Undergraduate Reading Room and will contain the university's premier archaeological collection. The project is slated for completion for the 2010–2011 academic year.^[15]

In early December 2008, the Trustees proposed the construction of a new library costing $30 million. The new structure will augment the existing library, a 185,000-square-foot facility built in 1964 and partially renovated in 1998 that will for the most part not change. The design firm for the project has not been selected, but university officials hope to complete the project by 2012.^[16]

The Space Telescope Science Institute is located on the Homewood campus and controls, analyzes, and collects data from the Hubble Space Telescope.

The Johns Hopkins University, working with Collegetown Development Alliance, a joint venture team composed of Struever Brothers, Eccles & Rouse and Capstone Development recently teamed up to develop a mixed use project featuring student housing, a central dining facility and a major campus bookstore.

[edit] Divisions

• Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences: Located at the university’s Homewood campus, the Krieger School is the core institution of the university and offers undergraduate and graduate programs,^[17] with more than 60 undergraduate majors and minors and more than 40 full-time and part-time graduate programs.
• G.W.C Whiting School of Engineering: The Whiting School is located on the main Homewood campus of the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, and offers undergraduate and graduate engineering programs.
• School of Education: The School of Education was established in 2007, incorporating divisions of the former School of Professional Studies in Business and Education.

[edit] East Baltimore

The campus in East Baltimore and is home to the School of Medicine, the Bloomberg School of Public Health, and the School of Nursing. Collectively known as Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions (JHMI) campus, it comprises several city blocks spreading from the original Johns Hopkins Hospital building and its trademark dome. The School of Medicine is associated with clinical practice at Johns Hopkins Hospital.

[edit] Divisions

• School of Medicine: The School of Medicine is headquartered at the university's Medical Institutions campus in East Baltimore with Johns Hopkins Hospital. The School of Medicine is widely regarded as one of the best medical schools and biomedical research institutes in the world.
• School of Nursing: The School of Nursing, is located in East Baltimore and is affiliated with Johns Hopkins Hospital and the School of Medicine
• Bloomberg School of Public Health: The Bloomberg School was founded in 1916, is the first and largest public health school in the world. It has consistently been ranked the number one school of public health by U.S. News & World Report.^[18]

[edit] Downtown Baltimore

[edit] Divisions

• Carey Business School: The Carey Business School was established in 2007, incorporating divisions of the former School of Professional Studies in Business and Education.
• Peabody Institute: founded in 1857, is the oldest continuously active music conservatory in the United States. Located in Baltimore's Mount Vernon neighborhood, it became a division of Johns Hopkins in 1977. The Conservatory retains its own student body and grants its own degrees in musicology, though both Hopkins and Peabody students may take courses at both institutions.

[edit] Washington, D.C.

[edit] Division

• Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) is located in the Washington D.C. campus near Dupont Circle. SAIS is devoted to international studies, particularly international relations, diplomacy, and economics. SAIS has full-time international campuses in Bologna, Italy and Nanjing, China. Founded in 1943, SAIS became a part of the university in 1950. In a 2005 survey 65% of respondents ranked SAIS as the nation's top Master's Degree program in International Relations.^[19]

[edit] Laurel, Maryland

[edit] Division

• Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL): The university operates the Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Maryland, which specializes in research for the U.S. Department of Defense, NASA and other Government agencies. The Space Telescope Science Institute is located on the Homewood campus and controls, analyzes, and collects data from the Hubble Space Telescope.

[edit] Other Campuses and Centers

[edit] Domestic

• Columbia, Maryland Center (Branches of The Carey Business School^[20] and The School of Education^[21])
• Montgomery County, Maryland Campus (Offers part-time Programs in Biosciences, Engineering, Business & Education^[22])
• Washington, D.C. (Branches of The Carey Business School^[23] and The Krieger School of Arts and Sciences' Advanced Academic Programs (AAP)^[24])
• The Center for Language and Speech Processing {Research and education in the science and technology of language and speech)^[25]
• Johns Hopkins Institute for Policy Studies (Primary social science policy research and teaching arm of the Johns Hopkins University)^[26]
• The Berman Institute of Bioethics (Study of complex moral and policy issues in biomedical science, health care, and health policy)^[27]
• Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center (One of the oldest hospitals in the United States, acquired by Johns Hopkins in 1984)^[28]

[edit] International

• The SAIS Bologna Center, Italy
• The SAIS Hopkins-Nanjing Center for Chinese and American Studies, China
• Johns Hopkins Singapore International Medical Centre
• Singapore Conservatory of Music (Collaboration of the Peabody Institute and the National University of Singapore)

[edit] Sustainability

Johns Hopkins University has implemented a significant number of sustainability initiatives.^[29] Energy retrofits in certain buildings have resulted in energy conservation of over 50 percent.^[30] Carbon emissions are currently being inventoried and electric vehicles are used for some campus transportation needs. Dining services managers prioritize the purchasing of locally sourced produce and seafood, and organic food is being integrated into the menu.^[30] In addition, the smaller cafés around campus sell exclusively organic, shade-grown coffees. There is currently a small pilot composting program on the undergraduate campus.^[30] The University is currently pursuing LEED certification for several new and existing buildings.^[30] Retrofits include a green roof deck, experimentation with waterless urinals and low-flow shower heads, and upgraded fluorescent lighting that has reduced lighting load on one campus by over 40 percent. Similar lighting retrofits are underway at all other campuses. In 2004, one campus completed a water conservation retrofit that annually saves over eight million gallons of water.^[30]

Johns Hopkins students have contributed significantly to several environmental initiatives, including the JHU recycling program off the ground, hosting a national "Greening" conference, launching a transportation shuttle service between campuses, and making the campus more bike-friendly.^[29]

Johns Hopkins was named a Campus Sustainability Leader by the Sustainable Endowments Institute on its College Sustainability Report Card 2009 with a grade of "A-", the highest grade awarded.^[31]

[edit] Academics

Johns Hopkins is a large, highly-residential, majority post-graduate research university.^[32] The full-time, four year undergraduate program is "most selective"^[33] with low transfer-in, has high graduate co-existence, and an arts, sciences, and professional emphasis.^[32] The graduate program is a comprehensive doctoral program with medical programs. Johns Hopkins offers 49 undergraduate degrees.

Johns Hopkins University is one of fourteen founding members of the Association of American Universities (AAU) and a member of the Consortium on Financing Higher Education (COFHE).

[edit] Student Body

Johns Hopkins received 16,006 applications for the 2008–2009 academic year. The undergraduate programs enrolled 4,591 students and granted 1,464 degrees in 2007.^[34] 14,848 students applied for admissions to the undergraduate program for the 2007-2008 academic year, 3,603 were admitted (24%), and 1,206 enrolled (33%).^[34] 82% of admitted students graduate in the top tenth of their high school class and the inter-quartile range on the SAT reading was 660-760, math was 690-780, and writing was 670-760. 97% of freshmen rematriculated after the first year, 84% of students graduated in 4 years and 91% graduated in 6 years.^[34]

[edit] Rankings

U.S. university rankings
ARWU World[35]	20
ARWU National[36]	17
ARWU Natural Science & Math[37]	23
ARWU Life Sciences[38]	13
ARWU Clinical Medicine[39]	4
THES World[40]	13
USNWR National University[41]	15
USNWR Medical (research)[42]	2
USNWR Education[43]	7
FSPI[44]	7

Comprehensively, the The Times Higher Education Supplement (THES) ranked Johns Hopkins University ^#9 nationally and ^#13 worldwide in 2008.^[45] The 2008 Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) ranked Hopkins ^#20 internationally (^#17 nationally).^[46] Johns Hopkins University ranked ^#7 among Top Performing Schools according to the Faculty Scholarly Productivity Index (FSPI) in 2008.^[47] and was listed ^#9 among research universities by the Center for Measuring University Performance in 2007.^[48]. At the undergraduate level, Hopkins was ranked ^#15 among National Universities by U.S. News and World Report (USNWR).^[49]

For medical and public health research U.S. News and World Report ranked the School of Medicine ^#2 ^[50] and has consistently ranked the Bloomberg School of Public Health ^#1 ^[51] in the nation. The School of Nursing was ranked ^#4 nationally among peer institutions.^[52]The Times Higher Education Supplement ranked Johns Hopkins University ^#3 in the world for biomedicine and life sciences.^[53] Hopkins ranks ^#1 nationally in receipt of federal research funds and the School of Medicine is ^#1 among medical schools in receipt of extramural awards from the National Institutes of Health (NIH).^[54] Newsweek named Johns Hopkins as the "Hottest School for Pre-meds" in 2008.^[55] The Johns Hopkins Hospital was ranked as the top hospital in the United States for the eighteenth year in a row by the U.S. News and World Report annual ranking of American hospitals.^[56]

The university's graduate programs in the areas of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Engineering (Biomedical & Electrical}, Human Development & Family Studies, Health Sciences, Humanities, Physical & Mathematical Sciences and International Affairs & Development all rank among the top-10 of their respective disciplines.^[57][58]

The School of Education is ranked ^#7 nationally by U.S. News and World Report.^[59] Although no formal rankings exist for music conservatories, the Peabody Institute is generally considered one of the most prestigious conservatories in the country, along with Juilliard and the Curtis Institute.

[edit] Libraries

The Johns Hopkins University Library system houses more than 3.6 million volumes.^[60] It includes ten main divisions: the Sheridan Libraries at Homewood, the Medical Institutions Libraries, the School of Nursing Library, Abraham M. Lilienfeld Library at the Bloomberg School, the Peabody Institute Library, the Carey Business School and School of Education libraries, the School of Advanced International Studies Libraries (Sydney R. and Elsa W. Mason Library and Bologna Center Library), the R.E. Gibson Library at the Applied Physics Laboratory Library and other minor satellite locations, as well as the archives.

The Milton S. Eisenhower Library (called "MSE" by students), located on the Homewood campus, is the main library. It houses over 2.6 million volumes and over 20,000 journal subscriptions. The Eisenhower Library is a member of the university's Sheridan Libraries encompassing collections at the Albert D. Hutzler Reading Room (called "The Hut" by students) in Gilman Hall, the John Work Garrett Library at Evergreen House, and the George Peabody Library at Mount Vernon Place. Together these collections provide the major research library resources for the university, serving Johns Hopkins academic programs worldwide. The library was named for Milton S. Eisenhower, former president of the university and brother of former U.S. president Dwight D. Eisenhower.

Only two of the MSE library's six stories are above ground; the rest are beneath, though architects designed the building so that every level has windows and natural light. The design accords with a bit of traditional campus lore which says no structure on campus can be taller than Gilman Hall, the oldest academic building. There is no written rule regarding building height, however, and the library's design was chosen for architectural and aesthetic reasons when it was finally built in the 1960s. In December 2008, it was announced that a new addition would be constructed directly to the south of the MSE library. The six-and-a-half-story expansion will be named the Brody Learning Commons in honor of University President William R. Brody and will function as a "collaborative learning space". It is scheduled to be completed by 2012.^[61]

[edit] Faculty and Research

Johns Hopkins has a very high level of research activity.^[32] The opportunity to be involved in important research is one of the distinguishing characteristics of an undergraduate education at Johns Hopkins. About 80 percent of the university's undergraduates engage in some form of independent research during their four years, most often alongside top researchers in their fields.^[62] Johns Hopkins receives more dollars in federal research grants than any other university in the United States.^[63] Thirty-two (32) Nobel Prize winners have been affiliated with the university as alumni or present or former faculty members^[64]. It boasts a wide spectrum in terms of its academic strengths, particularly in art history, biological and natural sciences, biomedical engineering, creative writing, English, history, economics, international studies, medicine, music, neuroscience, nursing, political theory, public health, public policy, and the Romance languages.

In FY2000, Johns Hopkins received $95.4 million dollars in research grants from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), making it the leading recipient of NASA funding for research and development. ^[65] In FY2002, Hopkins became the first university to cross the $1 billion threshold on either list, recording $1.14 billion in total research and $1.023 billion in federally sponsored research that year. In FY2006 Johns Hopkins University performed $1.55 billion in science, medical and engineering research, making it the leading U.S. academic institution in total R&D spending for the 29th year in a row, according to a the National Science Foundation (NSF) ranking.^[9] The university also ranked ^#1 on the NSF's separate list of federally funded research and development, spending $1.55 billion in FY2007 on research supported by such agencies as the National Institutes of Health (NIH), NASA, the NSF and the Department of Defense.^[9]

[edit] Johns Hopkins University Press

The Johns Hopkins University Press is the publishing division of the Johns Hopkins University. It was founded in 1878 and holds the distinction of being the oldest continuously running university press in the United States.^[66] To date the Press has published more than 6,000 titles and currently publishes 65 scholarly periodicals and over 200 new books each year. Since 1993, the Johns Hopkins University Press has run Project MUSE, a large online collection of over 250 full-text, peer-reviewed journals in the humanities and social sciences. The Press also houses the Hopkins Fulfilment Services (HFS), which handles distribution for a number of university presses and publishers. Taken together, the three divisions of the Press - Books, Journals (including MUSE) and HFS - make it one of the largest of America's university presses.

[edit] Student Life

The blueprints for a new programming board called The Hopkins Organization for Programming ("The HOP") were drawn up during the summer and fall of 2006.

In addition Charles Village, the region of North Baltimore surrounding the university, has undergone several restoration projects, and the university has gradually bought the property around the school for additional student housing and dormitories. The Charles Village Project, scheduled for completion in 2008, brought new commercial spaces to the neighborhood. The project included Charles Commons, a new, modern residence hall that includes a Barnes & Noble and a Starbucks.^[67] A Chipotle Mexican Grill and Starbucks have moved in, and the university itself has installed a new Einstein Bros. Bagels^[68] franchise in Wolman Hall.

Hopkins has also invested heavily in improving campus life for its students with creation in 2001 of an arts complex, the Mattin Center; and a three-story sports facility, the O'Connor Recreation Center. The large on-campus dining facilities at Homewood were renovated in the summer of 2006, and the caterer was switched from Sodexho to Aramark.

Hopkins has also advertised the "Collegetown" atmosphere it shares with neighboring institutions, including Loyola College, UMBC, Goucher College, and Towson University, as well as the proximity of downtown Baltimore's Inner Harbor.

The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender student organization, The Diverse Sexuality and Gender Alliance, affectionately called DSAGA, at Hopkins is well known. Annually DSAGA organizes and oversees the Awareness Days Program. This program is a series of events and speakers with the focus on LGBTA inclusivity and awareness.

Annually, the Johns Hopkins Spring Fair is held on the homewood campus over a three day weekend in mid to late April. Food, arts and crafts, and non-profit vendors, along with a popular musical act and various other activities attract nearly 25,000 people from the greater Baltimore-Washington area. The Spring Fair is planned and run entirely by Johns Hopkins students, making it the largest entirely student-run fair in the country.

[edit] Fraternities and Sororities

The Johns Hopkins University Office of Greek Life currently supports thirteen fraternities and seven sororities.

The fraternities include Phi Kappa Psi, Sigma Chi, Sigma Phi Epsilon, Sigma Alpha Epsilon, Beta Theta Pi, Alpha Delta Phi, Pi Kappa Alpha, Phi Gamma Delta, Phi Delta Theta, Lambda Phi Epsilon, which is historically Asian-American, and Alpha Epsilon Pi, which is historically Jewish. These eleven are supported by the Inter-Fraternity Council. Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, which is historically African-American, is supported by the National Pan-Hellenic Council. Iota Nu Delta Fraternity is historically South Asian. Delta Phi Fraternity, also known as St. Elmo's, maintains a chapter exclusive to students at Johns Hopkins, though it is not recognized by the University's Office of Greek Life. In fall of 2008 a group of male undergraduates announced plans to form a colony of Phi Delta Theta Fraternity. They successfully petitioned with headquarters to form a colony and became an official colony of the fraternity on February 13, 2009 with 51 Founding Fathers. The Maryland Delta Colony of Phi Delta Theta plans on becoming a full chapter during the Fall 2009 semester.

The sororities include Kappa Kappa Gamma, Alpha Phi and Phi Mu, which are supported by the Panhellenic Council. The sororities also include Delta Xi Phi, a multicultural sorority, Lambda Pi Chi, a historically Latin-American sorority, and two historically Asian-American sororities, alpha Kappa Delta Phi and Sigma Omicron Pi. Kappa Alpha Theta, a sorority recognized by the Panhellenic Council since 1997, was removed from campus by their national headquarters on April 14th, 2009.^[69]

As of Fall 2008, 806 students were members of one of the Johns Hopkins University fraternities or sororities and the All-Greek Average GPA was 3.28, above the average GPA for all Johns Hopkins University Undergraduates.^[70] Approximately 1/5 of male undergraduates and 1/5 of female undergraduates belong to the Greek system.

Many of the fraternities maintain houses off campus, but none of the sororities do. There are unconfirmed press reports of a state "Brothel Law" prohibiting the cohabitation of more than eight women which may pose a barrier to such all-female housing units. The Johns Hopkins News-Letter even reported the existence of such a law in 2001.^[71] Snopes.com reports that such laws do not exist.^[72] Officially, though, only Sigma Phi Epsilon owns a house zoned by the City of Baltimore for use as a fraternity.

Recruitment for fraternities and sororities takes place during the spring semester for freshmen, though some chapters recruit upperclassmen during the fall semester. All students who wish to participate in Recruitment must have completed one semester at Johns Hopkins University or elsewhere and must be in good academic standing.

[edit] Student Publications

Hopkins has many publications that are produced entirely by students. The Johns Hopkins News-Letter, founded in 1896, is the oldest continuously published weekly college newspaper in the nation.^[73] The Hopkins Donkey is a political newspaper with a Democratic perspective on international, national and state-wide political topics. The Carrollton Record is a political newspaper with an American conservative perspective on campus and city-wide politics.^[74] Thoroughfare, Zeniada and j.mag are literary magazines. Prometheus is the undergraduate philosophy journal.^[75] Frame of Reference is an annual magazine that focuses on film and film culture.^[76] The New Diplomat is the multi-disciplinary international relations journal. Foundations is the undergraduate history journal.^[77] Américas is the Latin American Studies journal. Argot is the undergraduate anthropology journal.^[78] The Triple Helix is the university's journal to address issues concerning science, law and society.

The Black & Blue Jay is among the nation's oldest campus humor magazines. It was founded in 1920.^[79] According to The Johns Hopkins News-Letter, it was the magazine's name which led the News-Letter to first use the moniker Blue Jays to refer to a Hopkins athletic team in 1923.^[80] While the magazine enjoyed popularity among students, it received repeated opposition from the university administration, reportedly for its vulgar sense of humor. In October 1934, Dean Edward R. Berry removed financial support for the magazine; without funding, the magazine continued under the name The Blue Jay until Berry threatened to expel the editors in 1939. The magazine had a revival in 1984, and has published intermittently since then.^[81]

[edit] Notable Alumni, Faculty and Staff

[edit] Presidents

1. Daniel Coit Gilman, May 1875 - August 1901
2. Ira Remsen, September 1901 - January 1913
3. Frank Goodnow, October 1914 - June 1929
4. Joseph Sweetman Ames, July 1929 - June 1935
5. Isaiah Bowman, July 1935 - December 1948
6. Detlev Bronk, January 1949 - August 1953
7. Lowell Reed, September 1953 - June 1956
8. Milton S. Eisenhower, July 1956 - June 1967
9. Lincoln Gordon, July 1967 - March 1971
10. Milton S. Eisenhower, March 1971 - January 1972
11. Steven Muller, February 1972 - June 1990
12. William C. Richardson, July 1990 - July 1995
13. Daniel Nathans, June 1995 - August 1996
14. William R. Brody, August 1996 - February 2009
15. Ronald J. Daniels, March 2009 - Present

[edit] Nobel Laureates

As of 2008, there have been 32 Nobel Laureates affiliated with the University. Johns Hopkins considers laureates who attended the university as undergraduate students, graduate students or were members of the faculty as affiliated laureates.^[82] Woodrow Wilson, who received his Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins in 1886, was the first Johns Hopkins-affiliated laureate, winning the Nobel Peace Prize in 1919.^[82][83] Four Nobel Prizes were shared by Johns Hopkins laureates: George Minot and George Whipple won the 1934 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,^[84] Joseph Erlanger and Herbert Spencer Gasser won the 1944 Nobel Prize in Physiology in Medicine,^[85] Daniel Nathans and Hamilton O. Smith won the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,^[86] and David H. Hubel and Torsten N. Wiesel won the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.^[87] Fifteen Johns Hopkins laureates have won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, more than any other category.^[82] Twenty-two laureates were members of the Johns Hopkins faculty, five laureates received their Ph.D. at Johns Hopkins, eight laureates received their M.D. at Johns Hopkins, and one laureate, Francis Peyton Rous, received his undergraduate degree at Johns Hopkins.

[edit] Athletics

Athletic teams at Johns Hopkins are called the Blue Jays. Even though sable and gold are used for academic robes, the university's athletic colors are Columbia blue (PMS 285) and black.^[88] Hopkins celebrates Homecoming in the spring to coincide with the height of the lacrosse season. Outside of the Men's and Women's Division I lacrosse teams, Hopkins participates in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III and the Centennial Conference.

[edit] Men's Lacrosse

The school's most prominent team is its Division I men's lacrosse team. The team is an independent and does not belong to a conference. The team enjoys a winning tradition and has won 44 national titles - nine National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (2007, 2005, 1987, 1985, 1984, 1980, 1979, 1978, 1974), 29 United States Intercollegiate Lacrosse Association (USILA), and six Intercollegiate Lacrosse Association (ILA) titles. Hopkins' primary national lacrosse rivals are Princeton University, Syracuse University, and the University of Virginia; its primary intrastate rivals are Loyola College, Towson University, the United States Naval Academy, and the University of Maryland. The rivalry with Maryland is the oldest, the schools having met 103 times since 1899, with two of those meetings being in playoffs.

[edit] Women's Lacrosse

The school's Division I women's lacrosse team is a member of the American Lacrosse Conference (ALC). The team is developing into a top twenty caliber team. The Lady Blue Jays were ranked number 19 in the 2008 Inside Lacrosse Women's DI Media Poll (ILWDIMP). They ranked number 8 in both the 2007 Intercollegiate Women's Lacrosse Coaches Association (IWLCA) Poll for Division I and the ILWDIMP. In 2006, they were ranked 14th in the ILWDIMP, in 2005, they were 11th, and, in 2004, they were 9th. However, recently the team has struggled and finished with a record of 5 wins and 12 losses in the 2009 season.

[edit] Other Teams

Hopkins also has several notable Division III Athletic teams. 2006–2007 saw Hopkins winning the Centennial Conference titles in Baseball, Men's and Women's Soccer, Men's and Women's Tennis and Men's Basketball. Hopkins also has an acclaimed fencing team, which has ranked in the top three of Division III teams in the past few years and in both 2008 and 2007 defeated the University of North Carolina, a Division I team. In 2008, they defeated UNC by one bout, winning the MACFA championship. The Swimming team also has ranked in the top two of Division III for the last 10 years. The Men's Swimming team placed second at DIII Nationals in 2008. The Water Polo team has been number one in Division III for several of the past years, playing a full schedule against Division I opponents. Hopkins also has a century-old rivalry with McDaniel College (formerly Western Maryland College), playing the Green Terrors 83 times in football since the first game in 1894. In 2008, the Hopkins Blue Jays Baseball team played, and lost, in the final of the Division III College World Series.^[89]

[edit] Lacrosse Museum and Hall of Fame

The Lacrosse Museum and National Hall of Fame, maintained by US Lacrosse, is located on the Homewood campus and is adjacent to the home field for both the men's and women's lacrosse teams, Homewood Field. In the past, Johns Hopkins lacrosse teams have represented the United States in international competition. At the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam and 1932 Los Angeles Summer Olympics lacrosse demonstration events Hopkins represented the US and team members received Olympic Gold Medals. This was the only such accolade in the history of U.S. college sports. They have also gone to Melbourne, Australia to win the 1974 World Lacrosse Championship.

[edit] The University in Popular Culture

[edit] Picture Gallery

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Johns Hopkins University

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Official website
• Official Athletics website
• Photographs taken in and around the University on Flickr
• JHU Homewood campus on Google Street View

v • d • e Johns Hopkins University Academic Divisions The Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences • The Whiting School of Engineering • The School of Medicine • The Bloomberg School of Public Health • The School of Nursing • The Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies • The Peabody Institute • The Carey Business School • The School of Education • Applied Physics Laboratory • Other Campuses, Research Centers, Institutes and Affiliates Buildings Homewood Campus • The Milton S. Eisenhower Library • The Johns Hopkins Club • Homewood Field • The Homewood House • The Nichols House • The Evergreen House • The Baltimore Museum of Art • Space Telescope Science Institute • The George Peabody Library • The Johns Hopkins Hospital History Johns Hopkins • Notable Faculty and Alumni • University Presidents • Nobel Laureates Publications The Johns Hopkins University Press (Journals & Books) • Project MUSE • Student Publications • Hopkins Public Health Magazine Sports Blue Jays • Division I Men's Lacrosse • Centennial Conference • Lacrosse Museum and National Hall of Fame Student Life The News-Letter • Johns Hopkins Film Festival • Johns Hopkins Spring Fair

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