Jules Émile Planchon
| Jules Émile Planchon | |
|---|---|
 Jules Émile Planchon |
|
| Born | 21 March 1823 Ganges, Hérault |
| Died | 1 April 1888 |
| Nationality | French |
| Occupation | botanist |
| Known for | saving vines from disease |
Jules Émile Planchon (21 March 1823 – 1 April 1888) was a French botanist born in Ganges, Hérault.
[edit] Biography
After receiving his Doctorate of Science at the University of Montpellier in 1844, he worked for a while at the Royal Botanical Gardens in London, and for a few years was a teacher in Nancy and Ghent. In 1853 he became head of Department of Botanical Sciences at Montpellier University, where he remained for the remainder of his career.
Planchon was highly regarded in scientific circles, and made a number of contributions in the classification of botanical species and varieties. He is credited with naming Actinidia chinensis, better known as the "golden kiwifruit".[1][2]
Planchon is remembered for his work in saving the French grape vineyards from Phylloxera vastatrix, a microscopic, yellow aphid-like pest that was an exotic species from the United States. He did this with assistance from French botanist Pierre-Marie-Alexis Millardet and American entomologist Charles Valentine Riley. The solution involved introduction of American grapevines {Vitis riparia and Vitis rupestris} to France for grafting purposes, making the plants resistant to Phylloxera.
[edit] Written works
- Histoire botanique et horticole des plantes dites Azalees de l'Inde, 1854
- Des hermodactes au point de vue botanique et pharmaceutique, 1856
- Memoire sur la famille des Guttiferes, 1862
- Le Phylloxera (de 1854 a 1873) resume pratique et scientifique, 1873
- Les moeurs du Phylloxera de la vigne: resume biologique, 1877
- Les vignes americaines, leur culture, leur resistance au phylloxera et leur avenir en Europe, 1875
- Works in English:
- "On Meliantheae, a new natural order" proposed and defined by J. E. Planchon, 1848
- "The Eucalyptus globulus from a botanic, economic, and medical point of view, embracing its introduction, culture, and uses" 1875[4]
- Writings about Jules Planchon:
- "The Botanist and the Vintner; How Wine Was Saved for the World", By Christy Campbell
[edit] References
- ^ [1] Actinidia chinensis- Hierarchy- The Taxonomicon
- ^ [2] NCBI: Supplementation of a western diet with golden kiwifruits (Actinidia chinensis)
- ^ "Author Query". International Plant Names Index. http://www.ipni.org/ipni/authorsearchpage.do.
- ^ [3] World Cat Identities
- Grande Encyclopédie (published around 1900); (biography of Jules Planchon)
- Parts of this article are based on a translation of the equivalent article from the French Wikipedia.
