From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
July 3 is the 184th day of the year (185th in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar . There are 181 days remaining until the end of the year.
324 – Battle of Adrianople : Constantine I defeats Licinius , who flees to Byzantium .987 – Hugh Capet is crowned King of France , the first of the Capetian dynasty that would rule France until the French Revolution in 1792 .1035 – William the Conqueror becomes the Duke of Normandy , reigns until 1087.1608 – Québec City is founded by Samuel de Champlain .1754 – French and Indian War : George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity to French forces .1767 – Pitcairn Island is discovered by Midshipman Robert Pitcairn on an expeditionary voyage commanded by Philip Carteret .1767 – Norway's oldest newspaper still in print, Adresseavisen
1775 – American Revolutionary War : George Washington takes command of the Continental Army at Cambridge, Massachusetts .1778 – American Revolutionary War: British forces kill 360 people in the Wyoming Valley massacre .1819 – The Bank of Savings in New York City, the first savings bank in the United States, opens.1839 – The first state normal school in the United States, the forerunner to today's Framingham State College , opens in Lexington, Massachusetts with three students.1844 – The last pair of Great Auks is killed.1848 – Slaves are freed in the Danish West Indies (now U.S. Virgin Islands ) by Peter von Scholten in the culmination of a year-long plot by enslaved Africans.1849 – The French enter Rome in order to restore Pope Pius IX to power. This would prove a major obstacle to Italian unification .1852 – Congress establishes the United States' 2nd mint in San Francisco .1863 – American Civil War : The final day of the Battle of Gettysburg culminates with Pickett's Charge .1866 – Austro-Prussian War is decided at the Battle of Königgratz , resulting in Prussia taking over as the prominent German nation from Austria.1884 – Dow Jones and Company publishes its first stock average.1886 – Karl Benz officially unveils the Benz Patent Motorwagen – the first purpose-built automobile .1886 – The New York Tribune newspaper to use a linotype machine , eliminating typesetting by hand.
1890 – Idaho is admitted as the 43rd U.S. state .1898 – Spanish–American War : The Spanish fleet, led by Pascual Cervera y Topete , is destroyed by the U.S. Navy in Santiago , Cuba .1913 – Confederate veterans at the Great Reunion of 1913 reenact Pickett's Charge ; upon reaching the high-water mark of the Confederacy they are met by the outstretched hands of friendship from Union survivors.1938 – World speed record for a steam railway locomotive is set in England, by the Mallard 1938 – United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt dedicates the Eternal Light Peace Memorial and lights the eternal flame at Gettysburg Battlefield .
1940 – World War II : In order to stop the ships from falling into German hands the French fleet of the Atlantic based at Mers El Kébir , is bombarded by the British fleet , coming from Gibraltar , causing the loss of three battleships: Dunkerque , Provence and Bretagne . One thousand two hundred sailors perish.1944 – World War II: Minsk is liberated from Nazi control by Soviet troops during Operation Bagration .1952 – The Constitution of Puerto Rico is approved by the Congress of the United States .1952 – The SS United States sets sail on her maiden voyage to Southampton . During the voyage, the ship takes the Blue Riband away from the RMS Queen Mary .
1967 – The Aden Emergency : The Battle of the Crater in which the British Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders retake the Crater district following the Arab Police Mutiny .1969 –Space Race : The biggest explosion in the history of rocketry occurs when the Soviet N-1 rocket explodes and subsequently destroys its launchpad.1970 – The Troubles : The "Falls Curfew " begins in Belfast , Northern Ireland .1979 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter signs the first directive for secret aid to the opponents of the pro-Soviet regime in Kabul.1988 – United States Navy warship USS Vincennes shoots down Iran Air Flight 655 over the Persian Gulf , killing all 290 people aboard.1988 – The Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey is completed, providing the second connection between the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosphorus .
1995 -Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party wins the general elections and is restored to power after being in opposition for 15 years.1996 – Stone of Scone is returned to Scotland.2013 – 2013 Egyptian coup d'état : President of Egypt Mohamed Morsi is overthrown by the military after four days of protests all over the country calling for Morsi's resignation, to which he didn't respond. President of the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt Adly Mansour is declared acting president.
1423 – Louis XI of France (d. 1483)1442 – Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado of Japan (d. 1500)1518 – Li Shizhen , Chinese physician and mineralogist (d. 1593)1530 – Claude Fauchet , French historian (d. 1601)1590 – Lucrezia Orsina Vizzana , Italian singer, organist, and composer (d. 1662)1676 – Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (d. 1747)1685 – Sir Robert Rich, 4th Baronet , English field marshal and politician (d. 1768)1728 – Robert Adam , Scottish architect, designed Culzean Castle (d. 1792)1738 – John Singleton Copley , American-English painter (d. 1815)1743 – Sophia Magdalena of Denmark (d. 1813)1789 – Johann Friedrich Overbeck , German-Italian painter and engraver (d. 1869)1846 – Achilles Alferaki , Russian composer and politician, Governor of Taganrog (d. 1919)1851 – Charles Bannerman , Australian cricketer (d. 1930)1854 – Leoš Janáček , Czech composer and theorist (d. 1928)1860 – Charlotte Perkins Gilman , American sociologist and author (d. 1935)1866 – Albert Gottschalk , Danish painter (d. 1906)1869 – Svend Kornbeck , Danish actor (d. 1933)1870 – R. B. Bennett , Canadian lawyer and politician, 11th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1947)1874 – Jean Collas , French rugby player and tug of war competitor (d. 1928)1875 – Ferdinand Sauerbruch , German surgeon and academic (d. 1951)1876 – Ralph Barton Perry , American philosopher and academic (d. 1957)1878 – George M. Cohan , American actor, singer, and dancer (d. 1942)1879 – Alfred Korzybski , Polish-American mathematician, linguist, and philosopher (d. 1950)1880 – Carl Schuricht , Polish-German conductor (d. 1967)1883 – Franz Kafka , Czech-Austrian author (d. 1924)1886 – Raymond A. Spruance , American admiral and diplomat, United States Ambassador to the Philippines (d. 1969)1888 – Ramón Gómez de la Serna , Spanish author and playwright (d. 1963)1893 – Sándor Bortnyik , Hungarian painter and graphic designer (d. 1976)1893 – Mississippi John Hurt , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1966)
1896 – Doris Lloyd , English-American actress (d. 1968)
1900 – Alessandro Blasetti , Italian director and screenwriter (d. 1987)1901 – Ruth Crawford Seeger , American composer (d. 1953)1903 – Ace Bailey , Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1992)1905 – Johnny Gibson , American hurdler and coach (d. 2006)1906 – Jack Earle , American actor (d. 1952)1906 – George Sanders , Russian-English actor and singer (d. 1972)
1908 – M. F. K. Fisher , American author (d. 1992)1908 – Robert B. Meyner , American politician, 44th Governor of New Jersey (d. 1990)
1910 – Fritz Kasparek , Austrian mountaineer (d. 1954)1913 – Dorothy Kilgallen , American journalist, actress, and author (d. 1965)1916 – John Kundla , American basketball player and coach1917 – João Saldanha , Brazilian footballer, manager, and journalist (d. 1990)1918 – S. V. Ranga Rao , Indian actor, director, and producer (d. 1974)1919 – Gerald W. Thomas , American soldier and academic (d. 2013)1920 – Paul O'Dea , American baseball player and manager (d. 1978)1921 – Susan Peters , American actress (d. 1952)1921 – François Reichenbach , French director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1993)
1922 – Guillaume Cornelis van Beverloo , Belgian painter and sculptor (d. 2010)1924 – S. R. Nathan , Singaporean politician, 6th president of Singapore 1926 – Johnny Coles , American trumpet player (d. 1997)1927 – Ken Russell , English actor, director, and producer (d. 2011)1928 – Evelyn Anthony , English author1928 – Roger Horchow , American producer and publisher
1929 – Clément Perron , Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1999)1929 – Béatrice Picard , Canadian actress
1930 – Pete Fountain , American clarinet player1930 – Carlos Kleiber , German-Austrian conductor (d. 2004)
1930 – Tommy Tedesco , American guitarist (d. 1997)
1931 – Frits Helmuth , Danish actor (d. 2004)1932 – Richard Mellon Scaife , American businessman (d. 2014)1933 – Edward Brandt, Jr. , American physician and mathematician (d. 2007)1935 – Cheo Feliciano , Puerto Rican singer-songwriter (Fania All-Stars ) (d. 2014)1935 – Harrison Schmitt , American geologist, astronaut, and politician
1936 – Anthony Lester, Baron Lester of Herne Hill , English lawyer and politician1936 – Baard Owe , Norwegian-Danish actor
1937 – Nicholas Maxwell , English philosopher and academic1937 – Tom Stoppard , Czech-English playwright and screenwriter
1938 – Jean Aitchison , English linguist and academic1939 – Brigitte Fassbaender , German soprano and director1939 – László Kovács , Hungarian politician and diplomat, Minister of Foreign Affairs for Hungary
1939 – Coco Laboy , Puerto Rican baseball player
1940 – Lamar Alexander , American lawyer and politician, 5th United States Secretary of Education 1940 – Fontella Bass , American singer-songwriter (d. 2012)
1940 – Jerzy Buzek , Polish engineer and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Poland
1940 – César Tovar , Venezuelan baseball player (d. 1994)
1941 – Gloria Allred , American lawyer and activist1942 – Eddy Mitchell , French singer-songwriter and actor (Les Chaussettes Noires )1942 – Paco Stanley , Mexican actor (d. 1999)
1943 – Judith Durham , Australian singer-songwriter (The Seekers )1943 – Kurtwood Smith , American actor
1944 – Michel Polnareff , French singer-songwriter1944 – Paul Young , Scottish actor
1945 – Michael Cole , American actor1945 – Robert Crawford , English historian and curator
1945 – Iain MacDonald-Smith , English sailor
1945 – Michael Martin, Baron Martin of Springburn , Scottish politician, Speaker of the House of Commons
1945 – Saharon Shelah , Israeli mathematician and academic
1946 – Johnny Lee , American singer and guitarist1946 – Leszek Miller , Polish political scientist and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Poland
1946 – Michael Shea , American author (d. 2014)
1946 – Bolo Yeung , Hong Kong bodybuilder and actor
1947 – Dave Barry , American journalist and author1947 – Adrian Bird , English geneticist and academic
1947 – Betty Buckley , American actress and singer
1947 – Top Topham , English guitarist (The Yardbirds )
1948 – Paul Barrere , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Little Feat )1948 – Tarmo Koivisto , Finnish author and illustrator
1948 – Stephen Pound , English politician
1949 – Susan Penhaligon , Filipino-English actress1949 – Jan Smithers , American actress
1949 – John Verity , English guitarist (Argent )
1949 – Johnnie Wilder, Jr. , American singer (Heatwave ) (d. 2006)
1949 – Bo Xilai , Chinese politician
1950 – Ewen Chatfield , New Zealand cricketer1950 – James Hahn , American judge and politician, 40th Mayor of Los Angeles
1951 – Jean-Claude Duvalier , Haitian politician, 41st President of Haiti (d. 2014)1951 – Richard Hadlee , New Zealand cricketer
1952 – Andy Fraser , English singer-songwriter and bass player (Free , Sharks , and John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers )1952 – Amit Kumar , Indian actor, singer, and director
1952 – Rohinton Mistry , Indian-Canadian author
1954 – Franny Billingsley , American author1955 – Claude Rajotte , Canadian radio and television host1955 – Amy Wallace , American author (d. 2013)
1956 – Vincent Margera , American television personality1956 – Montel Williams , American actor and talk show host
1957 – Laura Branigan , American singer-songwriter and actress (d. 2004)1957 – Ken Ober , American comedian, actor, and game show host (d. 2009)
1958 – Lisa De Leeuw , American porn actress (d. 1993)1958 – Matthew Fraser , Canadian-English journalist and academic
1958 – Charlie Higson , English actor, singer, and author (The Higsons )
1958 – Siân Lloyd , Welsh meteorologist and journalist
1958 – Didier Mouron , Swiss-Canadian painter
1958 – Aaron Tippin , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
1959 – Julie Burchill , English journalist and author1959 – Ian Maxtone-Graham , American screenwriter and producer
1959 – Stephen Pearcy , American singer-songwriter, and guitarist (Ratt , Arcade , Vertex , and Vicious Delite )
1959 – David Shore , Canadian screenwriter and producer
1959 – Graham Roberts , English footballer and manager
1960 – Vince Clarke , English singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer (Depeche Mode , Yazoo , The Assembly , Erasure , and VCMG )1961 – Pedro Romeiras , Portuguese dancer and choreographer1961 – Tim Smith , English singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer (Cardiacs , The Sea Nymphs , Spratleys Japs , and Panixphere )
1962 – Tom Cruise , American actor and producer1962 – Thomas Gibson , American actor and director
1962 – Hugh Page , South African cricketer
1962 – Hunter Tylo , American actress
1963 – Tracey Emin , English painter and photographer1964 – Joanne Harris , English author1964 – Yeardley Smith , French-American actress
1965 – Shinya Hashimoto , Japanese wrestler (d. 2005)1965 – Connie Nielsen , Danish-American actress
1965 – Komsan Pohkong , Thai lawyer and academic
1966 – Moisés Alou , American baseball player1967 – Brian Cashman , American businessman1967 – Katy Clark , Scottish lawyer and politician
1968 – Ramush Haradinaj , Kosovo-Albanian politician, 4th Prime Minister of Kosovo 1968 – Aku Louhimies , Finnish director and screenwriter
1969 – Kevin Hearn , Canadian singer and keyboard player (Barenaked Ladies , Rheostatics , and Kevin Hearn and Thin Buckle )1970 – Serhiy Honchar , Ukrainian cyclist1970 – Audra McDonald , American actress and singer
1970 – Teemu Selänne , Finnish-American ice hockey player
1970 – Shawnee Smith , American actress and singer (Smith & Pyle )
1971 – Julian Assange , Australian journalist, publisher, and activist, founded WikiLeaks 1972 – Warren Furman , English-American actor1972 – Tõnu Samuel , Estonian computer programmer
1973 – Emma Cunniffe , English actress1973 – Ólafur Stefánsson , Icelandic handball player
1973 – Fyodor Tuvin , Russian footballer (d. 2013)
1973 – Patrick Wilson , American actor and singer
1976 – Andrea Barber , American actress1976 – Wade Belak , Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2011)
1976 – Shane Lynch , Irish singer-songwriter and actor (Boyzone )
1976 – Henry Olonga , Zimbabwean cricketer and sportscaster
1976 – Wanderlei Silva , Brazilian mixed martial artist
1976 – Bobby Skinstad , Zimbabwean-South African rugby player
1977 – David Bowens , American football player1978 – Mizuki Noguchi , Japanese runner1979 – Ludivine Sagnier , French actress and singer1980 – Mazharul Haque , Bangladeshi cricketer (d. 2013)1980 – Jenny Jones , English snowboarder
1980 – Olivia Munn , American actress
1980 – Boštjan Nachbar , Slovenian basketball player
1980 – Roland Schoeman , South African swimmer
1980 – Harbhajan Singh , Indian cricketer
1980 – Kid Sister , American rapper
1980 – Giorgos Theodoridis , Greek footballer
1981 – Aoi Tada , Japanese singer-songwriter and actress1981 – Justin Torkildsen , American actor
1982 – Kanika , Indian actress and singer1983 – Steph Jones , American singer-songwriter1983 – Matt Papa , American singer-songwriter
1983 – Edinson Volquez , Dominican baseball player
1984 – Satomi Hanamura , Japanese actress1984 – Manny Lawson , American football player
1984 – Churandy Martina , Dutch sprinter
1984 – Syed Rasel , Bangladeshi cricketer
1984 – Nicolas Roche , Irish cyclist
1984 – Corey Sevier , Canadian actor
1985 – Dean Cook , English actor1985 – Keisuke Minami , Japanese actor and singer (PureBoys )
1986 – Marco Antônio de Mattos Filho , Brazilian footballer1986 – Robina Muqimyar , Afghan Sprinter
1986 – Greg Paulus , American basketball and football player
1986 – Payal Shakya , Miss Nepal 2004 Winner
1987 – Chad Broskey , American actor1987 – Chris Hunter , American actor
1987 – Sebastian Vettel , German race car driver
1988 – Winston Reid , New Zealand-Danish footballer1988 – Vladislav Sesganov , Russian figure skater
1988 – James Troisi , Australian footballer
1989 – Godfrey Walusimbi , Ugandan footballer1990 – Nathan Gardner , Australian rugby player1990 – Bobby Hopkinson , English footballer
1990 – Lucas Mendes , Brazilian footballer
1990 – Fredo Santana , American rapper
1991 – Tomomi Itano , Japanese actress and singer (AKB48 )1991 – Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova , Russian tennis player
1991 – Grant Rosenmeyer , American actor
1992 – Nathalia Ramos , Spanish actress and singer1992 – Molly Sandén , Swedish singer and voice actress
1992 – Maasa Sudo , Japanese singer (Berryz Kobo and ZYX )
1993 – Roy Kim , South Korean singer-songwriter1997 – Mia Mckenna-Bruce , English actress
458 – Patriarch Anatolius of Constantinople (b. 449)710 – Emperor Zhongzong of Tang (b. 656)1570 – Aonio Paleario , Italian academic and reformer (b. 1500)1642 – Marie de' Medici , Italian-French wife of Henri IV of France (b. 1575)1672 – Francis Willughby , English ornithologist and ichthyologist (b. 1635)1749 – William Jones , Welsh-English mathematician (b. 1675)1778 – Anna Maria Mozart , Austrian wife of Leopold Mozart (b. 1720)1790 – Jean-Baptiste L. Romé de l'Isle , French geologist and mineralogist (b. 1736)1795 – Louis-Georges de Bréquigny , French scholar (b. 1714)1795 – Antonio de Ulloa , Spanish general, astronomer, and politician, 1st Colonial Governor of Louisiana (b. 1716)
1809 – Joseph Quesnel , French-Canadian composer and playwright (b. 1746)1863 – George Hull Ward , American general (b. 1826)1863 – Little Crow , American tribal leader (b. 1810)
1888 – Nguyễn Đình Chiểu , Vietnamese poet (b. 1822)1904 – Theodor Herzl , Austrian journalist and playwright (b. 1860)1904 – Edouard Beaupré , Canadian giant and strongman (b. 1881)
1908 – Joel Chandler Harris , American journalist and author (b. 1845)1916 – Hetty Green , American businesswoman and financier (b. 1834)1918 – Mehmed V , Ottoman sultan (b. 1844)1921 – James Mitchel , Irish-American weight thrower (b. 1864)1933 – Hipólito Yrigoyen , Argentinian educator and politician, 19th President of Argentina (b. 1852)1935 – André Citroën , French engineer and businessman, founded the Citroën Company (b. 1878)1937 – Jacob Schick , American-Canadian captain and businessman, invented the electric razor (b. 1877)1940 – Nicolae Bivol , Moldovan politician, Mayor of Chișinău (b. 1882)1941 – Friedrich Akel , Estonian physician and politician, Head of State of Estonia (b. 1871)1943 – Walter Thijssen , Dutch rower (b. 1877)1954 – Siegfried Handloser , German physician and general (b. 1895)1957 – Dolf Luque , Cuban baseball player and manager (b. 1890)1960 – Noël Bas , French gymnast (b. 1877)1965 – Trigger , American horse (b. 1932)1966 – Leonie Taylor , American archer (b. 1870)1969 – Brian Jones , English guitarist, songwriter, and producer (The Rolling Stones ) (b. 1942)1971 – Jim Morrison , American singer-songwriter (The Doors and Rick & the Ravens ) (b. 1943)1974 – John Crowe Ransom , American poet and critic (b. 1888)1977 – Alexander Melentyevich Volkov , Russian mathematician and author (b. 1891)1978 – James Daly , American actor (b. 1918)1979 – Louis Durey , French composer (b. 1888)1981 – Ross Martin , Polish-American actor and director (b. 1920)1985 – Frank J. Selke , Canadian ice hockey player and manager (b. 1893)1986 – Rudy Vallée , American singer, saxophonist, and actor (b. 1901)1989 – Jim Backus , American actor (b. 1913)1991 – Lê Văn Thiêm , Vietnamese mathematician and academic (b. 1918)1993 – Joe DeRita , American actor (b. 1909)1993 – Don Drysdale , American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1936)
1994 – Lew Hoad , Australian tennis player (b. 1934)1995 – Pancho Gonzales , American tennis player (b. 1928)1995 – Eddie Mazur , Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1929)
1996 – Raaj Kumar , Pakistani-Indian actor (b. 1926)1997 – Amado Carrillo Fuentes , Mexican drug lord (b. 1956)1998 – Danielle Bunten Berry , American game designer and programmer (b. 1949)1999 – Mark Sandman , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Morphine and Treat Her Right ) (b. 1952)2000 – Kemal Sunal , Turkish actor and producer (b. 1944)2001 – Mordecai Richler , Canadian author and screenwriter (b. 1931)2001 – Johnny Russell , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1940)
2003 – Gaetano Alibrandi , Italian archbishop (b. 1914)2004 – Andriyan Nikolayev , Russian general, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1929)2005 – Alberto Lattuada , Italian actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1914)2005 – Pierre Michelot , French bassist (b. 1928)
2005 – Gaylord Nelson , American lawyer and politician, 35th Governor of Wisconsin (b. 1916)
2006 – Joseph Goguen , American computer scientist, developed the OBJ programming language (b. 1941)2006 – Benjamin Hendrickson , American actor (b. 1950)
2007 – Boots Randolph , American saxophonist (b. 1927)2007 – Alice Timander , Swedish dentist and actress (b. 1915)
2008 – Ernie Cooksey , English footballer (b. 1980)2008 – Larry Harmon , American clown (b. 1925)
2008 – Clive Hornby , English actor (b. 1944)
2008 – Oliver Schroer , Canadian fiddler, composer, and producer (b. 1956)
2009 – John Keel , American journalist and author (b. 1930)2010 – Abu Daoud , Palestinian terrorist, planned the Munich massacre (b. 1937)2011 – Ali Bahar , Bahraini singer and guitarist (Al Ekhwa ) (b. 1960)2012 – Nguyễn Hữu Có , Vietnamese general and politician (b. 1925)2012 – Andy Griffith , American actor, singer, and producer (b. 1926)
2012 – Yvonne B. Miller , American politician (b. 1934)
2012 – Sergio Pininfarina , Italian automobile designer and politician (b. 1926)
2012 – Hollie Stevens , American porn actress (b. 1982)
2012 – Richard Alvin Tonry , American lawyer and politician (b. 1935)
2013 – Roman Bengez , Slovenian footballer and manager (b. 1964)2013 – Ryan Davis , American journalist (b. 1979)
2013 – Maria Pasquinelli , Italian murderer (b. 1913)
2013 – Francis Ray , American author (b. 1944)
2013 – PJ Torokvei , Canadian actor and screenwriter (b. 1951)
2013 – Radu Vasile , Romanian historian and politician, 57th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1942)
2013 – Bernard Vitet , French trumpet player and composer (b. 1934)
2013 – Snoo Wilson , English playwright and screenwriter (b. 1948)
2014 – Jini Dellaccio , American photographer (b. 1917)2014 – Tim Flood , Irish hurler and coach (b. 1927)
2014 – Volkmar Groß , German footballer (b. 1948)
2014 – Ira Ruskin , American politician (b. 1943)
2014 – Zalman Schachter-Shalomi , Ukrainian-American rabbi and author (b. 1924)
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