Kairana

Kairana
—  city  —
Kairana Location of Kairana in Uttar Pradesh and India
Coordinates	29°24′N 77°12′E
Country	India
State	Uttar Pradesh
District(s)	Muzaffar nagar
M.L.A.	Ch. Hukum Singh Gujjar
Population	73,046 (2001)
Time zone	IST (UTC+05:30)
Area • Elevation	• 242 metres (794 ft)
Codes • Pincode • 247774 • Telephone • +01398 • Vehicle • UP-12 sex_ratio =
Website	www.kairana.net

Kairana is a historical city and a municipal board and tehsil in Muzaffarnagar district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

Geography

Kairana is located at 29.4°N 77.2°E / 29.4; 77.2. It has an average elevation of 242 metres (793 feet). It is also near of river Yamuna. This town is the birth place of a renowned School of Indian Classical Music called Kirana Gharana.

Kairana is a permanent seat of parliament of India and legislative assembly of Uttar Pradesh. Kairana is also having 6 courts (4 Regular and 2 fast track). Kairana is also a Tehsil of district Prabuddha Nagar and a municipal board. This Town is also having offices of all important government bodies like PWD office and guest house, LIC office, Block office, post office, police station, police circle office, two govt hospitals, Five nationalised banks etc.

Education

Vijay Singh Pathik Rajkiya Mahavidyalaya is a Post Graduate Degree College in Kairana. The college was established by the great efforts of Chaudhary Hukum Singh, then Cabinet Minister, Uttar Pradesh in the year 1999. There is one more Degree College in Kairana "J.P Degree College of Commerce". This town also has four Intermediate Colleges which provide education up to senior secondary level and there are more than 20 schools for primary education. "Roorkee Engineering & Management Technology Institute" is proud of Kairana, situated on Kairana-Shamli Road (Part of Panipat-Khatima National Highway).

Kairana is also known for Musical education. "Kirana Gharana" is world famous for its "Khayal" singing. Ustad Kale Khan was the founder of Kirana Gharana. His son Ustad Abdul Karim Khan was also a great musician and "Khayal" singer of India and he has done great work for Indian classical music with Utsad Rahamat Khan of Gwalior Gharana. Great classical singer Pandit Bhim Sen Joshi took his basic music education from Ustad Abdul Karim Khan for 6 years in Kairana.

Monogram of HMV (Dog listening the gramophone) is also given by Kairana Musical Gharana. This was actually a painting created in 1899 by Francis Barraud when pet dog (Nipper) of Ustad Kale Khan used to listen the gramophone for hours.

History

During Ancient period, Kairana or " Karna Nagri" was the capital of Danveer Raja Karna's Anga Pradesh in Mahabharata. Some believers believe that Kairana name made from "Kai and Rana " means place of Rana Chauhan Gurjars. Rana Kalsa Raj Chauhan came with two brothers Rana Dev Raj Chauhan and Rana Deep Raj Chauhan from Ajmer, Rajasthan to village Panjeet near Kairana and founded the city kairana. Descedent of Rana Kalsa Raj Chauhan called Kalshyan Gurjars.There are 84 villages of Kalshyan Chauhan Gautra of Gurjars near Kairana.

During Medieval period, Mughal Emperor Jahangir visited this place and has given a vibrant description in his autobiography, Tuzuk-e-jahangiri. The Emperor says On, Sunday, the 16th, I marched from Delhi, and on Friday the 21st, halted in the pargana of Kairana, This pargana is the native place of Muqarrab Khan. Its climate is equable and its soil good. . Muqarrab had made buildings and gardens there. As I had 'often heard praise of his garden, I wished much to see it. On Saturday, the 22nd, I and my ladies were much pleased in going round it Truly, it is a very fine and enjoyable garden. Within a masonry (pukhta, pucca) wall, flower-beds have been laid out to the extent of 140 bighas. In the middle of the garden he has constructed a pond, in length 220 yards, and in breadth 200 yards. In the middle of the pond is a miih-tiib terrace (for use in moonlight) 22 yards square.There is no kind of tree belonging to a warm or cold climate that is not to be found in it. Of fruit-bearing trees belonging to Persia I saw green pistachio-trees, and cypresses of graceful form, such as I have never seen before. I ordered the cypresses to be counted, and they came to 300. All round the pond suitable buildings have been begun and are in progress.

Demographics & People

As of 2001 India census, Kairana had a population of 73,046. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Kairana has an average literacy rate of 29%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 36%, and female literacy is 22%. In Kairana, 22% of the population is under 6 years of age. In terms of faith, 70% population is Muslim and 30% are Hindus.

This town is the birth place of famous freedom fighter Maulana Rahmatullah Kairanvi who participated in first freedom mutiny of India in 1857. In terms of culture, famous personalities of Kairana are Ustad Abdul Karim Khan & Ustad Abdul Wahid Khan of Kirana Gharana. In terms of literature, this town has produced many urdu poets. The most famous are Khawaja Aadil Husain, Safi Kairanvi, Master Tausif Alvi Aasi, Aashiq Kairanvi, Dr Tanvir Alvi, Jalil Ahmad Alvi, Muzaffar Razmi, Kausar Ali Zaidi, Dr Aiwaz Ali aiwaz. In Arabic literature, Maulana Wahiduzzaman Kairanvi has written Al-qamoos Al-jadeed, which is an Arabic-Urdu and Urdu-Arabic dictionary. In science, this town is the native place of Mohammad Faisal, In Bollywood, Munshi Munaqqa, the comedian and Hakim Kairanvi, the hair dresser of many stars are notable personalities from Kairana.IN history and archaeology (Saleem Ahmad AMU,Aligarh).

In terms of People's representatives, this town has produced many able politicians who representated Kairana Parliamentary and legislative constitueny many times and had always been the growth engines for the over all development of Kairana. The most famous among them are Chaudhary Hukum Singh,M.L.A. Kairana and Ex. minister Uttar Pradesh, Tabassum Begum M.P Kairana, Late SCh. Munawwar Hasan Ex. M.P. and Bashir Ahmad, former MLA.