Kawawachikamach, Quebec
| Kawawachikamach | |||
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| — Naskapi Reserve Land (Terre réservée naskapie) — | |||
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 Kawawachikamach
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| Coordinates: 54°52′N 66°46′W / 54.867°N 66.767°WCoordinates: 54°52′N 66°46′W / 54.867°N 66.767°W | |||
| Country |  Canada |
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| Province |  Quebec |
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| Region | Côte-Nord | ||
| Regional county | None | ||
| Settled | |||
| Formed | September 10, 1981 | ||
| Government[1][2] | |||
| • Chief | Louis Einish | ||
| • Federal riding | Manicouagan | ||
| • Prov. riding | Duplessis | ||
| Area[2][3] | |||
| • Total | 41.44 km2 (16.00 sq mi) | ||
| • Land | 30.83 km2 (11.90 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2006)[3] | |||
| • Total | 569 | ||
| • Density | 18.5/km2 (48/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | EST (UTC-5) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) | ||
| Postal Code | G0G 2T0 | ||
| Area code(s) | 418 and 581 | ||
| Website | www.naskapi.ca | ||
| Kawawachikamach | |
|---|---|
| — Naskapi Village Municipality (municipalité de village naskapie) — | |
| Coordinates: 55°10′N 66°52′W / 55.167°N 66.867°W | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Quebec |
| Region | Nord-du-Québec |
| Regional county | Kativik |
| Settled | |
| Formed | September 10, 1981 |
| Government[1][4] | |
| • Mayor | Pillip Einish |
| • Federal riding | Manicouagan |
| • Prov. riding | Duplessis |
| Area[4][5] | |
| • Total | 284.70 km2 (109.92 sq mi) |
| • Land | 242.09 km2 (93.47 sq mi) |
| Population (2006)[5] | |
| • Total | 0 |
| • Density | 0.0/km2 (0/sq mi) |
| Time zone | EST (UTC-5) |
| • Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) |
Kawawachikamach is an Naskapi/Iyiyiw First Nations reserve and community at the south end of Lake Matemace (where it joins Lake Peter), approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Schefferville, Quebec, Canada. It belongs to the Naskapi Nation of Kawawachikamach. The village was built by the Naskapi/Iyiyiw from 1980 to 1983. The language spoken is Iyiyiw-Imuun, a dialect closely related to Innu and Iynu (East Cree) and English. The name means "the winding river".[6]
Kawawachikamach consists of two non-contiguous pieces of land: the Naskapi Reserve Land (Terre réservée naskapie, category 1-A) in the Caniapiscau RCM under federal jurisdiction where the entire population lives; and the Naskapi Village Municipality (municipalité de village naskapie, category 1-B) in the Kativik Territory under provincial jurisdiction.[2]
Access to the village is by way of Schefferville Airport or railway from Sept-Îles to Schefferville, then by way of an 15 km (9 mi) road from the center of Schefferville. With the demise of Schefferville as a residential center for the iron ore mining operations, Kawawachikamach and Matimékush are now the prime communities in the region.
Telephone and postal services are still provided from the Schefferville exchange by Telebec and from the Schefferville Post Office, while electricity is provided by the Schefferville Power Company. The Naskapi/Iyiyiw provide their own policing services. Naskapi Imuun provides broadband satellite Internet services to the Kawawachikamach/Schefferville region. Other services include community radio station, health-care centre, recreation centre and gymnasium.[1]
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[edit] History
The Naskapi of Kawawachikamach were originally from northern Quebec, but were subjected to relocations several times before moving from Fort Chimo to Schefferville in 1956. Government officials may have induced or ordered this move but did nothing in preparation for their arrival in Schefferville. The Naskapi settled near the train station in shacks built with scavanged materials, but they were relocated again by the Schefferville municipal authorities to a site on John Lake, where they lived in poverty without water, sewage, electricity, schools, and medical facility. In 1968, the Matimekosh Reserve was formed, and the Naskapi moved there in 1972, together with the Innu.[7]
In the 1970s, the Naskapi began negotiations for a settlement of their Aboriginal claims. In 1978, they ceded any rights or interests to the Matimekosh Reserve as a prerequisite to the Northeastern Québec Agreement that provided for the formation of their own reserve. As part of this agreement's implementation, 41.44 square kilometres (16.00 sq mi) of land was transferred from the Government of Québec to the Government of Canada for the exclusive benefit of the Naskapi band in 1981. By 1983, the first residents settled in the village that was specifically adapted to the environment.[6][7][8]
[edit] Demographics
As of December 2009, the band counted 690 members, of which 639 persons are living in the community.[1]
Population trend:[9]
- Population in 2006: 569 (2001 to 2006 population change: 5.4 %)
- Population in 2001: 540
- Population in 1996: 487
- Population in 1991: 405
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents: 134 (total dwellings: 140)
Mother tongue:[3]
- English as first language: 2.6 %
- French as first language: 1.8 %
- English and French as first language: 0 %
- Other as first language: 95.6 %
[edit] Economy
The local economy is based mostly on arts and handicraft, trapping, tourism, outfitters, construction and transport.[1] The Naskapi are developing several major projects of social, educational, cultural and economic scope, such as road and runway maintenance, hydro-electric facilities, caribou hunting and fishing operations.[7]
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d e "Kawawachikamach First Nation". Aboriginal Community profiles. Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/ai/scr/qc/aqc/prof/Naskapis-eng.asp. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
- ^ a b c Ministère des Affaires Municipales, Régions et Occupation du territoire - Répertoire des municipalités: Kawawachikamach Terre réservée naskapi (1-AN)
- ^ a b c "Kawawachikamach (Terres réservées aux Naskapis) community profile". 2006 Census data. Statistics Canada. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2497806&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Kawawachikamach&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
- ^ a b Ministère des Affaires Municipales, Régions et Occupation du territoire - Répertoire des municipalités: Kawawachikamach Village naskapi (Terre 1-BN)
- ^ a b "Kawawachikamach (Village naskapi) community profile". 2006 Census data. Statistics Canada. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2499065&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Kawawachikamach&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
- ^ a b "Kawawachikamach (Terres réservées aux Naskapis)" (in French). Commission de toponymie du Québec. http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/ct/ToposWeb/fiche.aspx?no_seq=136534. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
- ^ a b c "Our Nation - History". Naskapi Nation of Kawawachikamach. http://www.naskapi.ca/en/our_nation/history.htm. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
- ^ Natural Resources Canada - Legal Surveys Division, Historical Review - Kawawachikamach land title history
- ^ Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006 census
[edit] External links
- Official website of the Naskapi Nation of Kawawachikamach (English / Naskapi)
- Community profile, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada
- CJCK Radio
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