Kaymakam
| Military ranks of Egypt | ||
|---|---|---|
| Turco-Egyptian ranks (until 1958) |
Modern Egyptian ranks |
Western Armies equivalents |
| Officers | ||
| Mushir مشير |
Mushir مشير |
General of the Army/ Field Marshal |
| Sirdar سردار |
Fariq awwal فريق أول |
Colonel General |
| Fariq فريق |
Fariq فريق |
Lieutenant General |
| Liwa لواء |
Liwa لواء |
Major General |
| Amiralay أمير آلاي |
Amid عميد |
Brigadier General |
| Qaimaqam قائم مقام |
Aqid عقيد |
Colonel |
| Bimbashi بكباشي |
Muqaddam مقدم |
Lieutenant Colonel |
| Sagh صاغ |
Raid رائد |
Major |
| Yuzbashi يوزباشي |
Naqib نقيب |
Captain |
| Mulazim awwal ملازم أول |
Mulazim awwal ملازم أول |
First Lieutenant |
| Mulazim thani ملازم ثاني |
Mulazim ملازم |
Second Lieutenant |
| Non-commissioned officers | ||
| Shawish شاويش |
Raqib رقيب |
Sergeant |
| Ombashi أونباشي |
Arif عريف |
Corporal |
| Soldiers | ||
| Askari عسكري |
Jundi جندي |
Private |
| Military ranks of Ottoman | ||
|---|---|---|
| Ottoman ranks (until 1923) |
Modern Turkish ranks |
Western Armies equivalents |
| Officers | ||
| Mushir مشير |
Mushir مشير |
General of the Army/ Field Marshal |
| ''Fariq awwal فريق أول |
Orgeneral [[: |
| style="padding:0.1em 0.6em;" | Colonel General |
| Fariq فريق |
Korgeneral فريق |
Lieutenant General |
| Liwa لواء |
Tümgeneral لواء |
Major General |
| Amiralay أمير آلاي |
Tuğgeneral عميد |
Brigadier General |
| Qaimaqam قائم مقام |
Tuğay komutan yardımcısı عقيد |
Colonel |
| Bimbashi بكباشي |
Yarbay مقدم |
Lieutenant Colonel |
| Sagh صاغ |
Raid رائد |
Major |
| Yuzbashi يوزباشي |
Yüzbaşı نقيب |
Captain |
| Mulazim awwal ملازم أول |
Mulazim awwal ملازم أول |
First Lieutenant |
| Mulazim thani ملازم ثاني |
Mulazim ملازم |
Second Lieutenant |
| Non-commissioned officers | ||
| Shawish شاويش |
Raqib رقيب |
Sergeant |
| Ombashi أونباشي |
Arif عريف |
Corporal |
| Soldiers | ||
| Askari عسكري |
Jundi جندي |
Private |
Qaim Maqam or Qaimaqam or Kaymakam (also spelled kaimakam and caimacam) (Arabic قائم مقام ) (English: sub-governor) is the title used for the governor of a provincial district in the Republic of Turkey, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and in Lebanon; additionally, it was a title used for roughly the same official position in the Ottoman Empire.
Contents |
[edit] Etymology
The modern Turkish term kaymakam or kaimakam originally comes from two Arabic words as used in Ottoman Turkish: kâim (قائم), meaning "standing"; and makâm (مقام), originally used for "place" but, in this context, used with the sense of "office", "position", or "state". Thus, in Ottoman times, a kâim-makâm was a state officer who was considered a representative of, or "standing in place" of the sultan at a local level; today, a kaymakam is a representative of the government or state at a local level.
[edit] History
[edit] İslamic history
According to some, the first kaymakam in history was ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib, who is supposed to have been appointed by the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, as the first rightful caliph. Thus, ‘Alī was considered to be serving "in the place of" Muhammad.
[edit] Moldavian and Wallachian history
The term Qaim Maqam has a specific meaning in Moldavian and Wallachian history, where it refers to a temporary replacement for a Hospodar ("prince"), in and after Phanariote rule, as well as the delegates of the Oltenian Ban in Craiova after the main office was moved to Bucharest during the same period (1761).
[edit] Romanian history
In this context, the word may be spelled caimacam, while the Romanian term for the office is căimăcămie.
[edit] Arabian history
In Arabia, four hakims (native rulers) of the later emirate of Qatar held the additional Ottoman title of kaymakam in their administrative capacity since 1872 of district administrator since the establishment of Ottoman sovereignty (as kaza [district] of Sandjak al-Hasa, within the vilayet of Baghdad, from 1875 Basra vilayet) till this was exchanged on 3 November 1916 with a British protectorate (as Sheikdom of Qatar, colonially under the chief political resident of the Persian Gulf, at Bahrein).
[edit] Kuwait history
Similarly, three ruling native hakims of the later emirate of Kuwait, were also Kaymakam of a kazas in the same province, 1871 till a British protectorate, also on 3 November 1914.
[edit] Ottoman Empire
In the Ottoman army, as well as in the Egypt of Muhammad Ali, the title of kaymakam came to be used for a lieutenant colonel; it was also applied to naval commanders in the same context. Mustafa Kemal, the founder of modern Turkey, also served as a kaymakam for the 57th regiment in the Battle of Gallipoli.
[edit] Kaymakams as an official rank
[edit] Kaymakams as a military rank
The rank is attested in use with a British officer commanding the Equatorial Battalion in East Africa, 1918: Kaimakam R F White DSO who was an officer of the Essex Regiment. 1
[edit] See also
[edit] Sources and references
- WorldStatesMen.org, see present nations
1 WO 100/410 folio 283 - medal roll for "East Africa 1918" clasp to Africa General Service Medal, The National Archives, Kew
