Ken Yeang

Ken Yeang
Born	1948 Penang, Malaysia
Nationality	Malaysian
Other names	杨经文/楊經文; [pinyin]: Yáng Jīngwén
Occupation	Architect, Writer
Known for	sustainable design architecture

Dr. Ken Yeang ([Chinese]: 杨经文/楊經文; pinyin: Yáng Jīngwén; born 1948) is a prolific Malaysian architect and writer best known for advancing green design and planning, differentiated from other green architects by his comprehensive ecological approach.

Ken Yeang is an ecoarchitect and an early pioneer of ecological design and planning, carrying out design and research work in this field since 1971. He is widely regarded by his fellow ecodesign peers as a ‘guru’ of green design.

Yeang works between the UK architect and planning firm, Llewelyn Davies Yeang (as Design Director (2005) and Chairman, since 2010) and his Asia office, T. R. Hamzah and Yeang (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia). Llewelyn Davies Weeks (rebranded as Llewelyn Davies Yeang) was founded in the mid-60's by Lord Llewelyn Davies. T. R. Hamzah & Yeang was formed in 1975 with Tengku Datuk Robert Hamzah, his friend and contemporary at the AA School, and a Prince in the Malay Royal family.

Early life and education

Born in 1948 in Penang, Malaysia, Yeang attended Penang Free School and Cheltenham Boys College (a British 'public school' in Gloucestershire, UK), obtained his first qualifications in architecture from the Architectural Association School (London), and received a PhD in Ecological Design and Planning from Cambridge University's Department of Architecture for his dissertation, "A Theoretical Framework for Incorporating Ecological Considerations in the Design and Planning of the Built Environment", published as Designing with Nature (1995, McGraw-Hill) that became the springboard for his pioneering work in ecodesign and green architecture.

Architect offices and Ecoarchitecture

T. R. Hamzah and Yeang has a sister office in UK as Llewelyn Davies Yeang and offices in Beijing, China as North Hamzah Yeang Architectural and Engineering Company, a joint venture with NORINCO with branch offices in Shenzen, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Chongqing. T. R. Hamzah and Yeang was cited in the US magazine, Fast Company (March 2011) as being among the top 8 most innovative architect firms in the world. The UK Guardian newspaper (January, 2008) listed Yeang as '..one of the 50 People who could save the Planet..’,

What is differentiating and relevant in Yeang's architecture, setting his work apart from other ecodesigners is his authentic ecological architecture and masterplans that go beyond conventional accreditation systems. Whereas others are based on rating systems (such as LEED, BREEAM, ‘Living Building Challenge’, etc.) or on ecoengineering (cleantech, carbon neutral, etc.), his is ecology based - an environmentally more inclusive approach, founded on the premise that ecodesign or ecological design should be derived from ecological principles being an obvious endeavour. This authentic ecological approach combined with his innovative designs make the work unique over other ecodesign and ecocity work (e.g. Solaris, Singapore; SOMA Masterplan, Bangalore, India). This approach also enabled his work to advance green design beyond conventional accreditation systems (LEED, BREEAM, etc.). Yeang attended courses in ecology at the Department of Environmental Biology at Cambridge University (under Professor J.W.L. Beament), becoming a member of the British Ecological Society and committing his entire professional life to the pursuit of this ecological design agenda. His declared professional mission is, ',. to making our human world and built environment green by design innovation..'.

As an experienced architect (professionally registered since 1972), he has seen to completion over a dozen skyscrapers, several thousand dwellings (terraced houses), over two million sq.ft. interior design space and completed over a hundred building projects of all types (high-rise apartments, retail complexes, offices, mixed -use developments, industrial buildings, educational, hospitals, etc.). This extensive built experience lends immense credibility to Yeang's work on ecodesign. Yeang has designed buildings, masterplans and ecocities worldwide including New York, London, Singapore, Kuwait, Canada, China, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Taiwan, UK, Malaysia and China.

Key Buildings and inventing the 'Bioclimatic Skyscraper'

His early work started with applying bioclimatic principles to building design as low-energy passive-mode strategies (as a subset of ecodesign) which subsequently became the armature for his ecological design agenda.

Early experimental built work includes his own house, the Roof-Roof House (1985) which remains one of his more important, signature (iconic) and instructive buildings. The dwelling in Ampang (near Kuala Lumpur) has a curved louvered umbrella-structure as an 'environmental filter' over the building, side wind wing-walls (that later influenced his Menara UMNO tower, Penang), and a swimming pool to provide evaporative-cooling from the predominantly westerly wind into the immediately adjoining internal living spaces.

Yeang turned his attention to applying bioclimatic and passive-mode principles to skyscraper design, building several experimental climate-responsive towers from the late 70's to 90's. The most important being the signature Mesiniaga Tower (for the IBM franchise) designed as a prototype bioclimatic tower, which received numerous awards including the Aga Khan Award (1993). He is credited as the inventor of the 'bioclimatic skyscraper', largely the result of his book, The Skyscraper: Bioclimatically Considered (1997, John Wiley & Sons). University of Washington's Professor Udo Kulterman states, “..Professor Ken Yeang is internationally renowned as the 'father' of the 'sustainable bioclimatic building..'". Yeang further applied the results from these early experimental bioclimatic high-rises to other low and medium-rise building typologies in a variety of climatic zones.

Developing a 'Vertical Theory of Urban Design'

His extensive high-rise work led to his developing the idea of 'vertical urbanism', presented in his book, Reinventing the Skyscraper: A Vertical Theory of Urban Design (2002, John Wiley & Sons), which he authored as a sequel to the earlier, The Skyscraper: Bioclimatically Considered (1997). These ideas led to one of his Singapore landmark projects, the 120m-high high-rise National Library Singapore (2005), featuring 'public realms-in-the sky' as two large 40m-high green 'skycourt gadens'. The building has an organic builtform and is rated Green Mark Platinum.

Another of his key experimental green buildings is the Solaris Building (2011) at 1-north Singapore that is a milestone in his progressing the idea of designing green buildings as 'living systems', with its innovative 1.3 km long, ecologically-linked ramp as a 'Vertical Linear Park' (developed from his ideas on vertical urbanism and from the earlier EDITT Tower, Singapore) rated Green Mark Platinum, which led to his developing the concept of 'green ecounfrastructure' in his masterplanning work (in Spire Edge Tower, Gurgaon, India, SOMA Masterplan, Bangalore, India).

A hyper green hospital is the Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital Extension (2011) with a mixed-mode flue wall, BREEAM rated 'excellent' (Building Research Establishment, UK).

Theoretical basis of work and impact on architecture

Yeang recognized 40 years ago that environmental devastation, global warming and increasing contamination of the environment would adversely affect the planet's natural balance, biodiversity of ecosystems and biospheric processes (climate change). Starting with the ecology-based approach to landuse planning of one of his mentors the landscape architect, Professor Ian McHarg (University of Pennsylvania), Yeang advanced McHarg’s ecological planning principles, extending these from planning to architectural design which McHarg was unable to achieve, not being an architect. This might be regarded as Yeang's most important contribution to this field of endeavor. He then applied his concepts of ecodesign to all of his architectural and planning work. Through constant research and experimentation over several decades Yeang acquired an international reputation as a pioneer, advocate, writer and innovator of authentic ecological design. By the mid 1990’s both private and public clients worldwide, many dissatisfied with conventional accreditation systems (LEED, etc.) sought him for their signature (iconic) architectural ecodesigned projects, ecomasterplans and ecocities design.

Yeang's design work is characterised as idea-driven with each project usually expounding one or more of a newly invented eco system idea, or novel device such as: the eco land bridge and the eco-undercroft (in Guangzhou Masterplan), the ecocell (in Kowloon Waterfront Masterplan), the linked green ecoinfrastructure (in SOMA Masterplan, DiGi Data Centre, Spire Edge Tower), the 'vertical linear park' (in Solaris) and others. His recent work investigates 'ecomimicry' as designing the human built environment as constructed ecosystems that mimic the properties, structure and attributes of ecosystems, such as their biological structure, materials recycling, efficient energy use, etc. ‘Ecomimicry’ is a term he is regarded to have invented and adapted from ‘biomimicry’. This is physical, structural and systemic mimicry, and not to be mistaken with a simplistic 'visual' mimicry which he regards as superficial. This work is developed from his earlier research on the use of biological analogies for design, or 'bionics' (in his Cambridge doctoral dissertation in 1974).

A crucial aspect of Yeang's design work is maintaining ecological linkages. All of Yeang’s architecture and ecomasterplans seek am internal and external connectivity (ecological nexus) within each builtform and with the landscape and where possible with the hinterland, seeking a benign biointegration between human activities, the built environment and the surrounding ecosystems (e.g. Zorlu Masterplan, Istanbul, Turkey). He draws an analogy here with designing the biointegration of our synthetic constructed systems with their host organism - with 'prosthesis' in surgery. He identifies three levels of biointegration: physical, systemic, temporal.

Current environmental concerns have produced a generation of architects and engineers who approach “green” design and construction through ecoengineering or simply through compliance to green accreditation systems. To Yeang, these practices while relevant and can be progressive, do not constitute authentic “green” design nor are environmentally comprehensive.

Yeang states, “It is easy to be misled or seduced by technology and to think that if we assemble enough eco-gadgetry (e.g. in the form of solar collectors, photovoltaic cells, biological recycling systems, building-automation systems and double-skin facades, etc.) in one single building that this can automatically be considered ecological architecture..". Yeang contends that although these technologies are commendable ecoengineering systems, they are merely useful components leading towards an ecological architecture, representing some of the means of achieving an ecological end product. Yeang's asserts that ecological design is not just about cleantech or ecoengineering or carbon neutral systems; which to be fully effective, these ecotechnologies must be integrated with and influenced by the ecology, climate and physical conditions of the site.

Yeang sees machines and our existent built environment as having alienated humans from nature. He defines ecodesign as 'achieving a benign and seamless biointegration of the built environment and human activities with the natural environment', that includes enhancing biodiversity, reducing or having zero dependency on non-renewable sources of energy, enhancing ecological nexus (through devices such as eco land bridges, eco-undercrofts, vertical green walls and landscaping, ecocells, sustainable drainage, constructed wetlands, ecological corridors and fingers (which can reach out in an ecological nexus into the landscape of the hinterland, and upwards within built systems), minimising disruptions with adjoining ecosystems, maintaining sensitive ecobalance, and enhancing urban greenery. His most recent advances (see below) include the creation of new constructed habitats within his builtforms and their surrounds and designing these as 'living systems' (Gyeongi Tower, Seoil, Korea)

Many might mistake Yeang’s work as simply putting vegetation in buildings or just creating an ecological nexus within his builtforms to enhance local biodiversity, but Yeang’s work does much more than just that. What is unique is that his buildings and masterplans are designed as 'living sysytems' as constructed ecosystems by creating new habitats within and around the development, matching selected native species with these constructed habitats and setting their ‘biodiversity targets’, and then providing physical conditions within these habitats to enable them to survive over the seasons of the year. In achieving this, his built work become more than just ‘vertically-landscaped architecture’ but are inveffect constructed ‘living systems’ (See pages 252-253 in Hart, Sara (2011), Ecoarchitecture – The Work of Ken Yeang, publ. John Wiley & Sons, UK), beyond just being 'landscaped buildings' as in work of those who imitate his work.

One of his key contribution to ecological design and masterplanning is his development of a 'platform' for designing ecocities. The approach involves the establishing by design, a total living system that is both interactive and functional as the biointegration of 'four ecoinfrastructural armatures' into an overall coherent system: 1) the green infrastructure which includes nature’s corridors and networks that link open spaces and the various habitats for fauna and flora, urban food production, natural resource management, all of which he describes as 'nature's utilities'; 2) the grey infrastructure which includes sustainable ecoengineering and cleantech systems such as sustainable transportation/movement systems, sustainable sewage systems, materials recycling and ‘designing for disassembly’ construction, enclosures, hardscapes and other green engineering utilities; 3) the blue infrastructure which encompasses hydrological management, 'closing the water cycle', water conservation, grey water reuse. rainwater harvesting, sustainable drainage, bioswales, filtration strips, black water treatment, detention ponds as storm water management; 4) the red infrastructure being our human societies which includes creating new sustainable ways of life, providing new food systems, human regulatory systems and legislations, changing existent socio-economic, industrial and political systems into sustainable systems. This novel approach to ecocity design and ecomasterplanning provides an indeterminate general framework that enables an inclusivity of constantly changing complex factors with a flexibility that allows for obsolescence and while encouraging innovation (See page 18 in Hart, Sara (2011), Ecoarchitecture – The Work of Ken Yeang, Publ. John Wiley & Sons, UK).

Yeang's work on the theory of ecodesign and its advancement is another area where Yeang has significantly contributed in this field of endeavor. In his Cambridge doctoral dissertation, Yeang developed a comprehensive theoretical model for ecodesign defining its key factors as sets of interrelated 'environmental interactions', presented in the form of a mathematical partitioned-matrix based on General Systems Theory principles (in Designing with Nature, McGraw-Hill, 1995). This theoretical model became the overarching guiding framework for all of Yeang's work. Yeang continues to pursue the development of the theoretical aspects of ecodesign, concurrent with his architectural design and planning work. The impact is a revision of conventional approach to architectural design that is ecologically considered and based on environmental biology. The US magazine, Architectural Record states that, '..Yeang has done more in developing the theoretical aspects of ecodesign than anyone else in this field..'. Few designers are theoreticians, and few theoreticians are designers. Yeang is uniquely both. It is this theoretical rigorousness that firmly underpins his architecture and planning work which gives critical substance and a legitimacy that anchors his work absent in that of others.

Architecture, the built environment: contributions and impact

Yeang’s single minded pursuit of ecodesign and ecomasterplanning and their aesthetics for close to four decades have influenced countless architects and professionals whose work impinges on the environment not just in the way they approach design, planning and the natural environment but aesthetically – in what a green building and masterplan should look like?

This development of an eco aesthetic is an aspect of ecodesign that is close to Yeang’s heart. Yeangs contends that an ecological architecture should look natural and green, in making nature and its processes visible. Much of those existent architecture and masterplans that lay claim to be green are simply commonly-styled or iconically-styled builtforms stuffed internally with ecoengineering gadgetry. Yeang contends that an ecoarhitecture or an ecocity should look 'alive' like a living system, not de-natured, nor predominantly inorganic and synthetic. Yeang asserts that ecoarchitecture and ecomasterplans demand their own 'style'.

This work being his relentless pursuit of an 'ecological aesthetic' may be Yeang’s other major contribution to this field. It is this eco style that is immensely motivating in Yeang’s work.

Because ecodesign in the 1970s did not have the benefit of prior research or theoretical models and frameworks, Yeang early years involved doing empirical research, experimental design, and investigative studies of ecological processes that he could replicate or mimic in his humanmade structures. His early research work is found in several of his key books including, Designing with Nature (1995, McGraw-Hill) (see above), The Skyscraper, Bioclimatically Considered: A Design Primer (1997, John Wiley & Sons)), The Green Skyscraper: The Basis for Designing Sustainable Intensive Buildings (1999, Prestel), Ecodesign: A Manual for Ecological Design (2006, John Wiley & Sons), Eco-Masterplanning (2009, John Wiley & Sons), Eco Design Dictionary (an Illustrated Reference with co-author Lillian Woo (2009, Taylor and Francis)). He is currently researching a monograph, Ecomimesis: Bases for Designing the Built Environment, based on mimicking the ecological properties and attributes of ecosystems (Taylor and Francis).

Few architects design, build, teach, research and write – Yeang’s does all these prolifically and these in aggregate lends further credibility to his work.

There have also been several monographs authored by others on Yeang’s work since 1989 (Robert Powell, Leon van Schaik, Ivor Richards and others). The most recent is, Ecoarchitecture – The Work of Ken Yeang, authored by Sara Hart (2011, John Wiley & Sons).

Yeang has lectured extensively in over 30 countries at conferences and schools of architecture to proselytise his ideas. He is the Distinguished Plym Professor (University of Illinois at Champaign, Urbana), and has been the Professor of Practice (Texas A & M University); the Graham Willis Professor (University of Sheffield), the Provost’s Distinguished Visiting Scholar (University of Southern California); Advisory Professor (Tongji University, Shanghai), Honorary Professor (University of Hong Kong) and Adjunct Professor (Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, University of Hawaii, University of New South Wales, Curtin University, University of Malaya, Deakin University); and Visiting Eminent Scholar (Florida Atlantic University).

He has taught senior students at design workshops at the University of Hong Kong (China); University of Nebraska; Louisiana State University; University of Illinois, Florida Atlantic University, (USA); University of Cardiff (Wales); University of Sheffield (UK); University of Newcastle (UK), Deakin University; Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, University of New South Wales (Australia), NUS (Singapore0 and Inha University (Korea).

Architectural design: aesthetics, innovations, awards, key projects

Ken Yeang has created outstanding designs throughout his 40 year professional career and continues to develop his original and fresh approach to the forms and systems of his buildings while pursuing theoretical and technical advancements and an architectural style for ecodesign – as a new “green” aesthetic.

His new ecoaesthetic does not have the shape or form that in any way resembles existent architectural styles. His aesthetic might be regarded as an independent style that encompasses ecodesign holistically that is derived from an understanding and inclusion of ecological systems and processes. This is an emergent authentic ecological aesthetic whose shapes and forms combine and incorporate built features that have a nexus with adjoining ecosystems, that harmonise with the site’s ecology, enhance local biodiversity, minimize polluting emissions and other negative consequences, and are more energy and water efficient and carbon neutral than conventional buildings, etc. Yeang demonstrates that ecodesigned architecture and ecomasterplans can have a green aesthetic of their own. Lord Norman Foster of Thames Bank states, '.. Ken Yeang has developed a distinctive architectural vocabulary that extends beyond questions of style to confront issue of sustainability and how we can build in harmony of the natural world..' (2011).

Yeang’s recent projects exemplify the maturing of his design work with a growing complexity and confidence in creating an ecoarchitecture with an evident luxuriant greening that defines and becomes his own identifiable architectural style. With the high level of verdant landscape in his builtforms, whether externally (or internally within the builtform in his projects in temperate and cold climates), his ecoaesthetic is sometimes described by his colleagues as 'indeterminate', 'hairy', 'constructed habitats'. 'vertical landscaping'.

Yeang's design and built work have been internationally recognised by the many awards received since 1989 (over 40) that include the Aga Khan Award for Architecture (for the Menara Mesiniaga, an IBM franchise), the Prince Claus Award (Netherlands), the UIA (International Union of Architects) August Perret Award, the Malaysian Institute of Architects Gold Medal (2011) and its design awards, the WACA (World Association of Chinese Architects) Gold Medals (for the Solaris Building, 2011 and for the National Library Singapore), the Government of Malaysia’s ‘Danjah Mulia Pangkuan Negen (DMPN) award that carries the official title of ‘Dato’ (2003, generally regarded as the Malaysian equivalent of the UK’s OBE), the Holcim Regional Award for Sustainability (Switzerland) (for the Putrajaya Phase 2C5 building, Malaysia, 2011), the Merdeka Award (for the 'environment' category, 2011), an award regarded by the Malaysian government as its national equivalent of the Nobel prize.

Menara Mesiniaga in Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.

Yeang has completed over 200 projects since 1975. His benchmark buildings, projects and their innovations include:

• The Roof Roof House - Selangor, Malaysia (1985) – his own experimental climate-responsive house that rethought bioclimatic passive-mode low-energy building design.

• Menara Mesiniaga Tower - Selangor, Malaysia (1992) - a climate-responsive tower that exemplifies Yeang’s key principles for 'bioclimatic skyscraper' design, which received the Aga Khan Award for Architecture, the RAIA (Royal Australian Institute of Architects) International Award, the Malaysian institute of Architects Design Award.

• Kowloon Waterfront Masterplan - Hong Kong (c. 1998) - a green masterplan where Yeang developed the green ecoinfrastructure concept and the novel use of 'ecocells'.

• National Library - Singapore (2005) - a green library tower (120m) with large sky courts (40m high) that received the BCA Green Mark Platinum Award 2005, and the Singapore Institute of Architects Award.

• SOMA Masterplan - Bangalore, India (2006) - a signature ecomasterplan that espouses his innovative idea for ecocity masterplanning as the integration of four ecoinfrastructures, with the use of ecobrdges and ecoiundercrofts to enable ecological nexus.

• DiGi Technical Office - Shah Alam, Malaysia (2010) - that advances the idea of a 'living' ecowall as a nexus of greenery linking all the facades, that received the Malaysian Institute of Architects Design Award (Commendation, 2010) and Green Building Index Gold rating.

• Solaris - 1-north, Singapore (2010) - that has the innovative 1.5 km long 'Vertical Linear Park' that wraps itself around the tower’s facade enhancing the site's biodiversity, which received the SIngapore Institute of Architects Award (Commendation, 2011), the Malaysian institute of Architects Gold Award 2011, the WACA (World Association of Chinese Architects) Gold Medal 2011 and BCA Green Mark Platinum rating.

• Spire Edge Tower – (Gurgaon, Haryana, India), under construction with anticipated completion 2012, a signature tower that espouses the idea of a vertical green ecoinfeastructure, and rated LEED Platinum.

• Ganendra Art House - Petaling Jaya, Malaysia (2011) - Art Gallery with accommodation for live-in artist has an experimental 'down-draft' ventilating flue for enhancing comfort cooling, which received the Malaysian Institute of Architects Design Award (Commendation) 2010.

• The Great Ormond Street Children’s Hospital Extension (2011) – London, UK, green hospital rated BREEAM 'excellent'.

Exhibitions and Media

There have been 18 exhibitions of Yeang’s bioclimatic works, from Tokyo and Nara in Japan, Berlin (Aedes) to New York (MOMA), London (Building Centre), Chicago, Washington DC (Building Museum), and Rotterdam (NAI) dating from 1985 through 2008.

Yeang and his ecodesigns have been featured in a number of special broadcasts, including BBC (UK) television and radio, NHK (Japan), Asia Discovery Channel (Asia), PBS (USA) ‘design=e2’ in which the actor Brad Pitt refers to Yeang's work, '...wind, rain and the sun, in the minds of most architects, they are the enemies.. but what if buildings can utilise and respond to the conditions of the environment? What if that urban environment becomes a living, breathing organism? To Ken Yeang it is..'.

Corporate and Business

A not commonly known fact that may explain Yeang's success as a professional architect and his ability to maintain a pole position as an innovative leading ecodesigner is his business acumen acquired from his attendance in his early years of courses in business management at the Malaysian Institute of Management and the Singapore Institute of Management, including a short course at Harvard Business School. Upon his mother's untimely demise in 2002, she made him in her will the trustee and CEO of the family's property holding, investment and development company, The Yeangs Sdn. Bhd., which he continues to successfully run and grow in tandem with his architect firm. Yeang had also served as a Board member of the MBf Unit Trust and the PAM Education Fund. His CPD lectures on 'business strategies' at the Malaysian Institute of Architects and SIngapore Institute of Architects are popularly attended.

Chronology of key completed projects

• Plaza Atrium, Kuala Lumpur <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur>, 1981
• Roof-Roof house, Kuala Lumpur 1985
• Menara Boustead, Kuala Lumpur <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur>, 1986
• Menara Mesiniaga <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menara_Mesiniaga> Subang Jaya, Malaysia <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subang_Jaya> Selangor, Malaysia <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangor,_Malaysia> 1992
• MBF Tower, Penang <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang>, Malaysia1993
• TTDi The Plaza and Residence, Kuala Lumpur <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur>, 1996
• UMNO Tower, Penang <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang>, 1998
• Mutiara Mesiniaga Penang, Penang <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang>, 2003
• Mewah Oils Headquarters, Malaysia 2005
• National Library of Singapore, Singapore 2005
• Limkokwing University of Creative Technology (Main campus, Cyberjaya), Malaysia 2006
• TA2 Tower, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2005
• DIGI Technical Office, Shah Alam, Malaysia 2010
• Solaris, Singapore 2010
• Ganendra Art House 2010

Current projects under construction

• Spire Edge, Gurgaon, Delhi, India (Completion 2012)
• Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital Extension, London (Completion 2012)
• Fu Gong Shan Monastery, Johore Baru, Malaysia (Completion 2013)

• Calvary Convention Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (Completion 2012)

Other projects

• Putrajaya office and retall complex Phase 2C5, Putrajaya, Malaysia
• Tokyo-Nara Tower, Tokyo, Japan <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo,_Japan>, 1994
• Editt Tower, Singapore, a signature tower with a ramped greenery system
• Elephant and Castle EcoTower, London
• Al-Asima, Kuwait
• CAAG Tower, London
• Enterprise Building 4, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
• Jabal Omar Towers, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
• Dubai Towers, UAE
• Beijing Mega Hall North
• Taipei Capital Plaza
• Chongging Tower, China
• Vancouver Waterfront, Canada
• Premier City, Almaty, Kazakhstan
• LGT Tower, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

External links

• Online version of Yeang's book "Bioclimatic Skyscrapers"
• Website of Llewelyn Davies Yeang
• Website of T. R. Hamzah & Yeang Sdn. Bhd.
• Biography and interview with Ken Yeang, and an image gallery of his work. CNN, July 2007
• A description of varied green techniques used in varied projects
• Asia Design Forum question and answer session
• Various Yeang Publications on ArchNet
• Interview with Ken Yeang 2009(Video)
• 2009 Green Source Magazine Article on Solaris, Singapore