Kilimanjaro Region

Kilimanjaro
—  Region  —
From top: Kilimanjaro Mountain, Livingstone Hotel, Main Road, Moshi Centre
Kilimanjaro Map
Kilimanjaro Location of Kilimanjaro
Coordinates: 3°20′05.58″S 37°20′25.37″E
Country	Tanzania
Districts	List Rombo Moshi Urban Moshi Rural Same Hai Mwanga
Government
• Mayor	Bernadette Kinabo
Population (2002)
• Total	1,381,149
Time zone	GMT +3
Area code(s)	+255

Kilimanjaro is one of the 26 regions in Tanzania. The capital of the region is Moshi. Kilimanjaro region is home to Mount Kilimanjaro. Kilimanjaro Region is bordered to the North and East by Kenya, to the South by the Tanga Region, to the Southwest by the Manyara Region, and to the West by the Arusha Region.

According to the 2002 Tanzania National Census, the population of the Kilimanjaro Region was 1,381,149.

The Regional Commissioner of the Kilimanjaro Region is M.O. Babu.

Districts

The Kilimanjaro Region is administratively divided into 6 districts: Rombo, Hai, Moshi Rural, Moshi Urban, Mwanga, and Same.

Hai

According to the 2002 Tanzania National Census, the population of the Hai District was 259,958. The Hai District is administratively divided into 14 wards:

Hai District

• Hai Mjini
• Machame Kaskazini (North)
• Machame Kusini (South)
• Machame Magharibi (West)
• Machame Mashariki (East)
• Machame Uroki
• Masama Kusini (South)
• Masama Magharibi (West)
• Masama Mashariki (East)
• Masama Rundugai
• Siha Kaskazini (North)
• Siha Kati (Central)
• Siha Magharibi (West)
• Siha Mashariki (East)

Rombo

The Rombo Districts contain a large portion of Mount Kilimanjaro. According to the 2002 Tanzania National Census, the population of the Rombo District was 246,479. The Rombo District is administratively divided into 20 wards:

Rombo District

• Katangara Mrere
• Kelamfua Mokala
• Keni Aleni
• Keni Mengeni
• Kirongo Samanga
• Kirwa Keni
• Kitirima Kingachi
• Mahida Holili
• Makiidi
• Mamsera
• Mengwe Manda
• Motamburu Kitendeni
• Mrao Keryo
• Nanjara Reha
• mahida nguduni
• Olele
• Shimbi
• Tarakea Motamburu
• Ubetu Kahe
• Ushiri Ikuini
• Mahida mahango

Moshi Urban

According to the 2002 Tanzania National Census, the population of the Moshi Urban District is 144,336. The Moshi Urban District is administratively divided into 21 wards:

Moshi Urban District

• Bondeni
• Kaloleni
• Karanga (English meaning: "peanuts/groundnuts")
• Kiborloni (From the English words "Keep on rolling")
• Kilimanjaro
• Kiusa
• Korongoni
• Longuo
• Majengo (English meaning: "buildings")
• Mawenzi (Name given to one of the peaks of Mt. Kilimanjaro)
• Mji Mpya (English meaning: "new Town")
• Msaranga
• Njoro (English meaning "water" from Maasai people)
• Rau
• Pasua (Literally meaning "break")
• Miembeni (Literally meaning "where there are mangoes")
• Ngangamfumuni
• Ng'ambo
• Bombambuzi
• Shirimatunda
• Soweto (Abbreviation for "South West Town")

Moshi Rural

According to the 2002 Tanzania National Census, the population of the Moshi Urban District is 402,431. The Moshi Rural District is administratively divided into 31 wards:

Moshi Rural District

• Arusha Chini
• Kahe
• Kahe Mashariki (East)
• Kibosho Kati (Central)
• Kibosho Magharibi (West)
• Kibosho Mashariki (East)
• Kilema Kaskazini (North)
• Kilema Kati (Central)
• Kilema Kusini (South)
• Kimochi
• Kindi
• Kirima
• Kirua Vunjo Kusini (South)
• Kirua Vunjo Magharibi (West)
• Kirua Vunjo Mashariki (East)
• Makuyuni
• Mabogini
• Mamba Kaskazini (North)
• Mamba Kusini
• Marangu Magharibi (West)
• Marangu Mashariki (East)
• Mbokomu
• Mwika Kaskazini (North)
• Mwika Kusini (South)
• Okoani Kibosho
• Old Moshi East
• Old Moshi West
• Uru Kaskazini (North)
• Uru Mashariki (East)
• Uru Shimbwe
• Uru South Mawela

Mwanga

According to the 2002 Tanzania National Census, the population of the Mwanga District was 115,620. The Mwanga District is administratively divided into 16 wards:

Mwanga District

• Chomvu
• Jipe
• Kifula
• Kighare
• Kileo
• Kilomeni
• Kirongwe
• Kirya
• Kwakoa
• Lang'ata
• Lembeni
• Msangeni
• Mwanga
• Mwaniko
• Ngujini
• Shigatini

Same

According to the 2002 Tanzania National Census, the population of the Same District was 212,235. The Same District is administratively divided into 25 wards:

Same district

• Bombo
• Bendera
• Bwambo
• Chome
• Hedaru
• Kihurio
• Kirangare
• Kisiwani (English meaning: on the island)
• Makanya
• Maore
• Mhezi
• Mpinji
• Mshewa
• Msindo
• Mtii
• Mwembe (English meaning: mango tree)
• Myamba
• Ndungu
• Njoro
• Ruvu
• Same Mjini
• Suji (Suji, Kilimanjaro)
• Vudee
• Vuje
• Vunta

History

The region called Kilimanjaro today, borrows its name from the tallest mountain in Africa, Mount Kilimanjaro. Of the six districts mentioned above, four traditionally had the Chaga settlements which are Hai, Moshi urban, Moshi rural,and Rombo, and the other two which have historically been of Pare settlements, namely Mwanga and Same. However, during colonial rule, in the late 19th century and to the mid of 20th century, the region was divided into two main districts: Moshi district, which comprised all the areas settled by the Chagga people on the slopes of the mountain, and Pare district, which was a Pare tribe settlement. The region, from earlier times, had been settled by the people collectively called the Chagga, the Maasai, Wakwavi and Waarush (in the lower parts of Mount Kilimanjaro), and the Pare on the Pare mountains. These have been intermingling, trading and even fighting from time to time for various socio-political reasons. Later, other tribes also migrated to the land.

The region's geology

Kilimanjaro lies on a tectonic line intersection 80 kilometres (50 mi). east of the tectonically active Rift Valley. The activity which created this stratovolcano dates back less than a million years and the central ash pit on Kibo, the highest volcanic centre, may be only several hundred years old. Steam and sulphur fumaroles here are indicative of residual activity.

Shira and Mawenzi were two other areas of volcanic activity. Both became inactive before Kibo. The Shira volcanic cone collapsed leaving the Shira Ridge as part of its Caldera Rim. Mawenzi has been heavily eroded to leave a mass of steep-sided ridges and summits, particularly dramatic on the infrequently-seen eastern side. Kibo is the best preserved centre; it has three concentric craters and the outer crater rim rises to Uhuru Point – the chief summit. The middle, Reusch crater contains the main fumaroles and in its centre the 130 metres (430 ft) deep and 400 metres (1,300 ft) wide Ash Pit. The outer crater has been breached by lava flows in several places, the most dramatic of these being the Western Breach.

The ash and lava covered slopes of Kibo are mainly gentle-angled from the steep, glaciated precipices which defend its southern and south-western flanks. The impressive rock walls on Kilimanjaro and Mawenzi are generally composed of lavas and ashes. Deep gorges (barrancos) have been carved into the soft rocks and ashes of Kilimanjaro. The most impressive of these is the Great Barranco below the Western Breach and the two Barrancos on the east side of Mawenzi.

Numerous parasitic cones extend east-west across Kilimanjaro; some are located near the Mandara Hut (Maundi Crater offers a fine view point), while others lie just north of the Shira Route. At one stage most of the summit of Kilimanjaro was covered by an ice cap, probably more than 100 metres (330 ft) deep. Glaciers extended well down the mountain forming moraine ridges, clearly visible now on the southern flanks down to about 4,000 metres (13,000 ft). At present only a small fraction of the glacial cover remains. The remnants of the ice cap can be seen as the spectacular ice cliffs of the Northern and Eastern Icefields, and the longest glaciers are found on the precipitous southern and south-western flanks. If the present rate of recession continues the majority of the glaciers on Kilimanjaro could vanish altogether in the next 20 years.

Sources

• Sekretarieti ya Mkoa
• Kilimanjaro Region Homepage for the 2002 Tanzania National Census
• Tanzanian Government Directory Database
• Kilimanaro Wards

See also

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moshi Moshi City