Kingdom of Illyria (1816–1849)
| Kingdom of Illyria Königreich Illyrien (de) Ilirsko kraljestvo (sl) Regno d'Illiria (it) Kraljevina Ilirija (hr) |
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| Crown land of the Austrian Empire comprising the Duchy of Carniola, the Duchy of Carinthia, the Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca, the City of Trieste, and the Margraviate of Istria | |||||
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 Kingdom of Illyria within the Austrian Empire (1822-1849)
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| Capital | Ljubljana | ||||
| Languages | Italian, Slovene, Croatian, German | ||||
| Religion | Roman Catholic | ||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||
| Emperor of Austria | |||||
| - | 1816 - 1835 | Francis I | |||
| - | 1835 - 1848 | Ferdinand I | |||
| - | 1848 - 1849 | Francis Joseph I | |||
| Historical era | Modern history | ||||
| - | Established | 1816 | |||
| - | Disestablished upon Revolutions of 1848 |
1849 | |||
The Kingdom of Illyria was a nominal national legal unit of the Austrian Empire from 1816 to 1849.[1] Its administrative centre was Ljubljana (at the time officially named German: Laibach) and it included the western and central part of present-day Slovenia, the present Austrian state of Carinthia, as well as some territories in north-western Croatia (Istria and Kvarner Gulf islands) and north-eastern Italy (the Provinces of Trieste and Gorizia). Until 1822, it also included the Civilian Croatia on the right bank of the Sava and Rijeka. The kingdom was formed to counter the territorial pretenses of the Kingdom of Hungary and the influences of the Russian Empire, but with the Hungarian annexation of the Civilian Croatia and Rijeka lost on its significance.[1]
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History [edit]
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The Kingdom of Illyria was formed after the end of the Napoleonic wars, when the territory of the former Illyrian Provinces which had belonged to the First French Empire between 1809 and 1813, were again incorporated in the Austrian Empire. The legal and administrative reforms made by the French authorities deeply transformed the administrative structures of these territories, so the Austrian Imperial authorities thought it better to group most of them as a separate administrative entity, enabling a slow incorporation into the Austrian legal, judicial and administrative system.
The Kingdom of Illyria was officially established on 3 August 1816.[2] In the first years, it comprised territory both in the Slovene Lands and of the Kingdom of Croatia. Already in the early 1820s, however, the pre-Napoleonic Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia was again established, in which also the territories forming part of the Kingdom of Illyria were included. Thus from the 1820s on, the Kingdom of Illyria only included the following traditional provinces: the Duchy of Carinthia, the Duchy of Carniola, as well as the Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca, the City of Trieste and the March of Istria.
In the Spring of Nations in 1848, Slovenes advanced a proposal to include Lower Styria in the Kingdom of Illyria, so most of the Slovene Lands would be united in a single administrative entity and the idea of an United Slovenia would thus be achieved. Peter Kozler designed a map of such an enlarged Kingdom of Illyria, which would later become an important national symbol in the Slovenian national awakening. The proposal was, however, rejected by the Habsburg Emperor.
The Kingdom of Illyria was gradually mentioned less and less and for the last time officially appeared in 1849 as a crown land in the March Constitution of Austria.[1] Later, the old crown territories of Carinthia, Carniola and Gorizia (with Trieste and Istria forming the Austrian Littoral) were again re-established. This division lasted until 1918.
See also [edit]
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References [edit]
- ^ a b c Vidic, Marko, ed. (2000). "Ilirsko kraljestvo" [Kingdom of Illyria]. Ilustrirana zgodovina Slovencev [The Illustrated History of the Slovenes]. Mladinska knjiga. p. 213. ISBN 86-11-15664-1.
- ^ "3. avgust" [3 August]. Delo.si (in Slovene). 2 August 2006.
External links [edit]
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