Kirov, Kirov Oblast
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| Kirov (English) Киров (Russian) |
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| - City[1] - | |
 View of Kirov |
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.svg) Location of Kirov Oblast in Russia |
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 Kirov
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| Coordinates: 58°36′N 49°39′E / 58.6°N 49.65°ECoordinates: 58°36′N 49°39′E / 58.6°N 49.65°E | |
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| City Day | June 12[citation needed] |
| Administrative status (as of April 2008) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Kirov Oblast[1] |
| Administratively subordinated to | City of Kirov[1] |
| Administrative center of | Kirov Oblast,[1] City of Kirov[1] |
| Municipal status (as of October 2011) | |
| Urban okrug | Kirov Urban Okrug[2] |
| Administrative center of | Kirov Urban Okrug[2] |
| Head[4] | Vladimir Bykov[3] |
| Statistics | |
| Area | 757 km2 (292 sq mi)[citation needed] |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
473,668 inhabitants[5] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 38th |
| Population (2002 Census) | 480,411 inhabitants[6] |
| - Rank in 2002 | 38th |
| Density | 626 /km2 (1,620 /sq mi)[7] |
| Time zone | MSD (UTC+04:00)[8] |
| Founded | 1181[9] |
| Postal code(s) | 610000-610050[citation needed] |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 8332[citation needed] |
| Official website | |
Kirov (Russian: Ки́ров), formerly known as Vyatka (Вя́тка) and Khlynov (Хлы́нов), is a city and the administrative center of Kirov Oblast, Russia, located on the Vyatka River. Population: 473,668 (2010 Census preliminary results);[5] 480,411 (2002 Census);[6] 440,240 (1989 Census).[10]
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[edit] History
The fort of Khlynov, situated just west of the Ural Mountains, was founded by Novgorodian entrepreneurs in 1181. It was first mentioned as a town in documents from 1374. Khlynov was incorporated into Muscovy in 1489 and became known throughout Russia for its clay statuettes and whistles. It was also managed by Khanate of Kazan and was known as "Hılın". The town's oldest surviving monument is the Assumption Cathedral (1689), an imposing structure surmounted by five globular domes.
In 1781 Catherine the Great renamed Khlynov to Vyatka and made it the centre of a separate guberniya. The town also served as a place of exile, notably for Alexander Herzen, Alexander Vitberg, and Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin. By the end of the 19th century, it was an important station on the Trans-Siberian railway. In December 1934, it was renamed for the Soviet leader Sergey Kirov, who had been assassinated on December 1.
[edit] Administrative and municipal status
Administratively, along with 135 rural localities, it is incorporated as the City of Kirov—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] Municipally, the City of Kirov is incorporated as Kirov Urban Okrug.[2]
[edit] Climate
Kirov has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb).
| Climate data for Kirov | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) |
4.4 (39.9) |
13.9 (57.0) |
27.3 (81.1) |
31.5 (88.7) |
36.9 (98.4) |
36.6 (97.9) |
35.9 (96.6) |
30.1 (86.2) |
22.6 (72.7) |
11.0 (51.8) |
7.0 (44.6) |
36.9 (98.4) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −8.7 (16.3) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
0.0 (32.0) |
8.8 (47.8) |
16.9 (62.4) |
22.0 (71.6) |
24.2 (75.6) |
20.6 (69.1) |
14.0 (57.2) |
5.9 (42.6) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
7.2 (45.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −11.9 (10.6) |
−10.9 (12.4) |
−4 (24.8) |
4.0 (39.2) |
11.2 (52.2) |
16.5 (61.7) |
18.9 (66.0) |
15.6 (60.1) |
9.7 (49.5) |
3.0 (37.4) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
3.1 (37.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −15 (5.0) |
−14 (6.8) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
6.3 (43.3) |
11.8 (53.2) |
14.1 (57.4) |
11.6 (52.9) |
6.4 (43.5) |
0.6 (33.1) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−12.8 (9.0) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −41.9 (−43.4) |
−40.5 (−40.9) |
−33.8 (−28.8) |
−21.2 (−6.2) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
2.7 (36.9) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−8.3 (17.1) |
−23.2 (−9.8) |
−39.8 (−39.6) |
−45.2 (−49.4) |
−45.2 (−49.4) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 49 (1.93) |
33 (1.3) |
37 (1.46) |
34 (1.34) |
54 (2.13) |
78 (3.07) |
77 (3.03) |
77 (3.03) |
61 (2.4) |
64 (2.52) |
57 (2.24) |
55 (2.17) |
676 (26.61) |
| Source: Pogoda.ru.net[11] | |||||||||||||
[edit] Economy
Kirov is a major transportation hub (railway; Trans-Siberian main) and river port. It is served by Kirov Pobedilovo airport. During the 1990s this airport was closed and for several years provided only irregular service. During the 2003-2006 summer seasons there were signs of a revival in air transportation as several companies attempted to establish flight routes from Kirov to Moscow and Krasnodar. Since 2006 Kirov airport has been used by a local company operating flights to Moscow.
The Kirov River port went bankrupt in the late 1990s and all its river boats were sold to other regions. Kirov is a center of machine building; metallurgy, light, the printing trade, biochemical and the timber industry.
[edit] Culture
[edit] Museums
Vyatka Museum of Art, one of the oldest museums in Russia, was founded in 1910 by local artists.
The idea of creation belongs to natives of Vyatka land Victor and Apollinaria Vasnetsov. At the core of the collection — works that received the most part in the 1910-1920s from the State Museum Fund, private collections and as gifts — from patrons and artists. Today the museum has more than fifteen thousand exhibits and is located in four buildings in Kirov downtown.[12]
- Museum of K.E. Tsiolkovsky, Aviation & Space
- Vyatka cabinet of curiosities
- Kirov diorama
- House-Museum of M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin
- Museum of A. Green
- House-Museum of N. Khokhryakova
- Kirov exhibition hall
- Kirov Planetarium
- Vyatka paleontological museum[13]
[edit] Theaters
- Kirov Regional Drama Theatre in honor S.M. Kirov
- Kirov State Puppet Theatre
- Kirov State Theater of Young Spectators "Theater of the Spasskaya"
[edit] Circus
According to a report in Pravda dated January 4, 2005, Kirov is known as the "city of twins" for the unusually high number of multiple births there.[14]
[edit] Sports
Rodina[15] plays in the highest division of Russian Bandy League.
[edit] Gallery
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Kiron new bridge
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Kirov The bottom pond at a diopama
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Armenian church Kirov
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Spasskaya street
[edit] Sister city
[edit] References
[edit] Notes
- ^ a b c d e f Law #387-ZO
- ^ a b c Law #284-ZO
- ^ "The head of the city of Kirov". Official website of the city of Kirov. http://www.mo-kirov.ru/duma/chief/. Retrieved 2010-01-25.
- ^ Charter of Kirov, Article 28
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ^ Russian Academy of Sciences: Institute of Russian History (May 28, 2009). "Историческая экспертиза по вопросу о возвращении городу Кирову его исторического названия (Historical examination on the return to the city of Kirov its historical name)". Press Center of Government of Kirov Oblast. http://www.ako.kirov.ru/news/detail.php?ID=13358. Retrieved February 22, 2012.
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ "Pogoda.ru.net" (in Russian). http://www.pogoda.ru.net/climate/27199.htm. Retrieved September 8, 2007.
- ^ http://artgallery.kirov.ru/vasnecov.html
- ^ Вятский палеонтологический музей
- ^ "Multiple births in Oblast Kirov". http://english.pravda.ru/science/19/94/377/14784_twins.html. Retrieved 04.01.2005.
- ^ http://khcrodina.ru/
[edit] Sources
- Законодательное Собрание Кировской области. Закон №387-ЗО от 2 декабря 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Кировской области», в ред. Закона №232-ЗО от 17 апреля 2008 г «О внесении изменений в Закон Кировской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Кировской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вятский край", №228–228 (3635–3636), 13 декабря 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Kirov Oblast. Law #387-ZO of December 2, 2005 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Kirov Oblast, as amended by the Law #232-ZO of April 17, 2008 On Amending the Law of Kirov Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Kirov Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Кировской области. Закон №284-ЗО от 7 декабря 2004 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Кировской области и наделении их статусом муниципального района, городского округа, городского поселения, сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №62-ЗО от 3 октября 2011 г «О внесении изменений в отдельные Законы Кировской области». Вступил в силу по истечении 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вятский край", №233–234 (3401–3402), 21 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Kirov Oblast. Law #284-ZO of December 7, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Kirov Oblast and on Granting Them the Municipal District, Urban Okrug, Urban Settlement, Rural Settlement Status, as amended by the Law #62-ZO of October 3, 2011 On Amending Various Laws of Kirov Oblast. Effective as of after 10 days from the day of the official publication.).
- Кировская городская Дума. Решение №42/19 от 29 июня 2005 г. «Об Уставе муниципального образования "Город Киров" (в ред. от 31 августа 2011 г.)», в ред. Решения №56/2 от 26 октября 2011 г «О внесении изменений и дополнений в Устав муниципального образования "Город Киров"». Вступил в силу в соответствии со статьёй 56. Опубликован: "Вятский край", №130 (3538), 13 июля 2005 г. (Kirov City Duma. Decision #42/19 of June 29, 2005 On the Charter of the Municipal Formation of the "City of Kirov" (text of rev. of August 31, 2011), as amended by the Decision #52/2 of October 26, 2011 On Amending and Supplementing the Charter of the Municipal Formation of the "City of Kirov". Effective as of the date set forth in accordance with the provisions of Article 56.).
[edit] Further reading
- (Russian) Vyatka. Materials for the History of the XVII and XVIII centuries (1887) (Вятка. Материалы для истории города XVII и XVIII столетий) at Runivers.ru in DjVu and PDF formats
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