Koraput district
| Koraput | |||
| — district — | |||
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| Coordinates | 18°48′30″N 82°42′30″E / 18.8083°N 82.7083°ECoordinates: 18°48′30″N 82°42′30″E / 18.8083°N 82.7083°E | ||
| Country | India | ||
| State | Orissa | ||
| Headquarters | Koraput | ||
| Collector | Sachin R. Jadhav, IAS | ||
| Member of Parliament | Jayaram Pangi, BJD | ||
| Parliamentary constituency | Koraput | ||
| Assembly constituency | 5 | ||
| Population • Density |
1,177,954 (2001[update]) • 140.58 /km2 (364 /sq mi) |
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| Sex ratio | 1.038 ♂/♀ | ||
| Literacy • Male |
36.20% • 47.58% |
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| Official languages | Oriya, Hindi, English | ||
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| Time zone | IST (UTC+05:30) | ||
| Area | 8,379 square kilometres (3,235 sq mi) | ||
| Climate • Precipitation |
Aw (Köppen) • 1,522 mm (59.9 in) |
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Distance(s)
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| Website | koraput.nic.in | ||
Koraput (Oriya: କୋରାପୁଟ) is an Adivasi dominated district of Orissa, India, and known for rich and diverse types of mineral deposits. It is located along the Eastern Ghats.
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[edit] History
Koraput district was ruled by several dynasities such as Satavahans,Ikshvakus,Nalas,Ganga kings and kings of Surya vansha.It was a part of the erstwhile Madras Presidency and became a district of Orissa state on 1 April 1936 [1].
In October, 1992, Koraput district was divided, resulting in the creation of Malkangiri, Rayagada and Nabarangpur district.
It is currently a part of the Red Corridor.[1]
[edit] Geography
[edit] Major Cities
[edit] Culture
[edit] Places Of Interest
- Gupteswar Shiv Temple
- Sabara Srikhetra
- Upper Kolab Botanical Garden
- Maliguda Tunnel
- Duduma Waterfall
- Bariniput
- Deomali Hill
- Batisinhasana & Ganesh Temple
[edit] People
Koraput is an Adivasi district, known for high concentration of Adivasi communities (tribes). Each community has its own language, hailed as a great repository of ecological knowledge. These communities have been practicing their own indigenous religions, but are termed as 'Hindus' by the constitution of India. This paves the way for their assimilation into the 'Hindu Mainstream'. Adivasi religion thus faces an onslaught from both Hinduism as well as evangelical Christianity. [2] [3][4]
[edit] Agriculture
Jeypore tract of the Koraput district is known as one of the centres of origin of rice. The people of Koraput district, notably the adivasis have generated and conserved many indigenous cultivars of rice that are suitable for both dryland and wetland cultivation. The Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) in 2012 recognised the service of the communities of Koraput in ensuring food security by declaring the Koraput district as a Global Agricultural Heritage Site
[edit] Economy
In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Koraput one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[2] It is one of the 19 districts in Orissa currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[2]
[edit] Major Industries
- Hindustan Aeronautics Limited- Sunabeda
- Koraput:NALCO-Damanjodi
- Koraput:BILT|BILT-Jeypore
- Koraput:Kolab|Kolab Hydroelectric Power Station
- Koraput:Machkund|Machkund Hydroelectric Power Station
[edit] Demographics
According to the 2011 census Koraput district has a population of 1,376,934,[3] roughly equal to the nation of Swaziland[4] or the US state of Hawaii.[5] This gives it a ranking of 356th in India (out of a total of 640).[3] The district has a population density of 156 inhabitants per square kilometre (400 /sq mi) .[3] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 16.63 %.[3] Koraput has a sex ratio of 1031 females for every 1000 males,[3] and a literacy rate of 49.87 %.[3]
[edit] Languages
Languages include Bhatri, which falls within the Oriya language group but only shares about 60% lexical similarity with Oriya, spoken by about 600 000;[6] and Bhunjia, spoken by approximately 7000 Bhunjia Adivasis.[7]
[edit] Naxalism
Naxalism is a serious matter of concern in south Orissa, including Koraput district, since around 2000. Earlier, the naxalite activities were confined to districts such as Malkangiri, which share its borders with the neighboring states. With time, the naxal activities has spread to Koraput as well as other districts like Rayagada or Nabarangpur. The inaccessible hilly terrain, dense forests, lack of development, grievances of the tribals and poor, and the absence of administration have been conducive to the spread of left-wing extremism in Orissa. The seriousness of the problem was underlined by a co-ordinated Naxalite attack on the District Headquarters and armoury at Koraput on February 6, 2004.[8]
Naxal group, namely People's War Group (PWG), has carried out numerous operations (attacks on rich farmers, police, bureaucrats and politicians, loots from godowns) within last few years in Koraput as well as in its neighboring districts.[9]
[edit] References
- ^ "83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme". IntelliBriefs. 2009-12-11. http://intellibriefs.blogspot.com/2009/12/naxal-menace-83-districts-under.html. Retrieved 2011-09-17.
- ^ a b Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme". National Institute of Rural Development. http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
- ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html. Retrieved 2011-10-01. "Swaziland 1,370,424"
- ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php. Retrieved 2011-09-30. "Hawaii 1,360,301"
- ^ M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Bhatri: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th edition ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bgw. Retrieved 2011-09-28.
- ^ M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Bhunjia: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th edition ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bhu. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
- ^ "Maoists in Orissa Growing Tentacles and a Dormant State". http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/publication/faultlines/volume17/nihar.htm.
- ^ "Naxalite Consolidation In Orissa". http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?220969.
[edit] Bibliography
Berger, Peter (2002). The Gadaba and the 'non-ST' Desia of Koraput, Orissa. Article
Burrow, T. and S. Bhattacharya (1961). Some notes on the Kui dialect as spoken by the Kuttia Kandhas of North-east Koraput. Indo-Iranian Journal. 5 (2): 118-135
Franco, Merlin F. and D. Narasimhan (2012). Ethnobotany of Kondh, Poraja, Gadaba and Bonda of the Koraput region of Orissa, India. D.K. Printworld. ISBN 9788124606193
Franco, Merlin F and D. Narasimhan (2009). Plant names and uses as indicators of knowledge patterns. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge. 8: 645-648 Article
Franco, Merlin F., D. Narasimhan and W. Stanley (2009). Relationship between Four Tribal Communities and their Natural Resources in the Koraput Region. Ethnobotany Research & Applications 6: 481-485
Franco, Merlin F and D. Narasimhan (2008). Ecological elements in the songs of the Poraja and the ancient Tamils. Indian Journal of Eco-criticism 1, 49-54
Thusu, Kidar Nath and Jha, Makhan (1972). Ollar Gadba of Koraput. Anthropological Survey of India, Kolkata
Thusu, Kidar Nath (1977). Pengo Parajas of Koraput. Anthropological Survey of India, Kolkata
[edit] External links
Koraput district 
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