Kosmos (rocket family)

The Kosmos (also spelled Cosmos, Russian: Ко́смос) rockets are a series of Soviet and subsequently Russian rockets, derived from the R-12 and R-14 missiles, the most well known of which is the Kosmos-3M, which has made over 440 launches, and is still in service. The Kosmos family contains a number of rockets, both carrier rockets and sounding rockets, for orbital and sub-orbital spaceflight respectively. The first variant, the Kosmos-2I, first flew on 27 October 1961. Over 700 Kosmos rockets have been launched overall.

Variants

Designation	GRAU index	Purpose	Derived from	Maiden flight	Final flight	Remarks
Kosmos-2I	63S1	Carrier rocket	R-12	27 October 1961	19 December 1967
Kosmos-1	65S3	Carrier rocket	R-14	18 August 1964	28 December 1965
Kosmos-2M	63S1M	Both	R-12
Kosmos-2I	11K63	Carrier rocket	R-12	24 May 1966	18 June 1977
Kosmos-3	11K65	Carrier rocket	R-14	16 November 1966	27 August 1968
Kosmos-3M	11K65M	Carrier rocket	R-14	15 May 1967		Active
Kosmos-3MR	65MR	Sounding rocket	R-14	1 January 1973		Active
Kosmos-3MP	65MP	Sounding rocket	R-14
Kosmos-3MRB	65MRB	Sounding rocket	R-14	5 December 1980	21 June 1988

See also

• R-7 family