Koyukuk River
| Koyukuk River | |
 Koyukuk river
|
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| Name origin: Koyukon people | |
| Country |  United States |
|---|---|
| State |  Alaska |
| Cities | Evansville, Bettles, Allakaket, Hughes, Huslia |
| Source | Confluence of North and Middle Forks |
| - location | Brooks Range |
| - elevation | 712 ft (217 m) |
| - coordinates | 67°02′49″N 151°04′26″W / 67.04694°N 151.07389°W [1] |
| Mouth | Yukon River |
| - location | Koyukuk |
| - elevation | 115 ft (35 m) |
| - coordinates | 64°55′24″N 157°33′14″W / 64.92333°N 157.55389°W [1] |
| Length | 500 mi (805 km) |
| Basin | 32,000 sq mi (82,880 km2) [2] |
| Discharge | for Hughes |
| - average | 14,250 cu ft/s (404 m3/s) [3] |
| - max | 330,000 cu ft/s (9,345 m3/s) |
| - min | 280 cu ft/s (8 m3/s) |
The Koyukuk River (Ooghekuhno’ in Koyukon) is a principal tributary of the Yukon River, approximately 500 mi (805 km) long, in northern Alaska in the United States.
It drains an area north of the Yukon on the southern side of the Brooks Range. The river is named for the Koyukon people.
It rises in several forks above the Arctic Circle in the Endicott Mountains, near 67°58′N 151°15′W / 67.967°N 151.25°W.
The North Fork of the Koyukuk River rises in Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve. The combined river flows generally southwest, past Bettles, in a broadening valley of spruce forests amid small lakes and marshes. It joins the Yukon from the north at Koyukuk.
Its tributaries include the Glacier, Alatna and John rivers. The area around its confluence with the Yukon is a large floodplain protected as part of Koyukuk National Wildlife Refuge.
The valley of the river is a habitat for bear and moose and is a destination for game hunting."ADF&G Hunting Regulations". http://wildlife.alaska.gov/regulations/pdfs/gmu21.pdf.
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[edit] History
The Russian Petr Malakov reached the river at its confluence with the Yukon in 1838.[4] Lt. Henry Allen and Private Fred Fickett of the United States Army ascended and explored the river in 1885. The discovery of gold deposits on the Middle Fork in 1893 led to a gold rush in 1898 with the establishment of trading posts and mining camps, including Bettles, on the upper river. In 1929, Robert Marshall explored the North Fork of the Koyukuk River and gave the name Gates of the Arctic to the high Brooks Range along the river.
In 1980 the United States Congress designated 100 mi (164 km) of the North Fork of the Koyukuk River in the Brooks Range as the Koyukuk Wild and Scenic River.
In 1994 floods on the river swept away three villages, forcing the wholesale relocation of the population.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ a b "Koyukuk River". Geographic Names Information System, U.S. Geological Survey. 1981-03-31. http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:1404987. Retrieved 2011-07-11.
- ^ "Boundary Descriptions and Names of Regions, Subregions, Accounting Units and Cataloging Units". U.S. Geological Survey. http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/huc_name.html. Retrieved 2011-07-11.
- ^ "USGS Gage #15564900 on the Koyukuk River at Hughes, Alaska". National Water Information System. U.S. Geological Survey. 1960-1982. http://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/monthly/?referred_module=sw&site_no=15564900&por_15564900_1=624204,00060,1,1960-01,1982-09&format=html_table&date_format=YYYY-MM-DD&rdb_compression=file&submitted_form=parameter_selection_list. Retrieved 2011-07-11.
- ^ Hayes, Derek (2004). America Discovered: A Historical Atlas of North American Exploration. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre.
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Koyukuk River |
- NPS: Koyukuk Wild and Scenic River
- Koyukuk National Wildlife Refuge
- Koyukuk River Floods in Alaska
- History in Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve
Coordinates: 64°55′24″N 157°33′14″W / 64.92333°N 157.55389°W
