Kungurian

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System Series Stage Age (Ma)
Triassic Lower Induan younger
Permian Lopingian Changhsingian 251.0–253.8
Wuchiapingian 253.8–260.4
Guadalupian Capitanian 260.4–265.8
Wordian 265.8–268.0
Roadian 268.0–270.6
Cisuralian Kungurian 270.6–275.6
Artinskian 275.6–284.4
Sakmarian 284.4–294.6
Asselian 294.6–299.0
Carboniferous Pennsylvanian Gzhelian older
Subdivision of the Permian system according to the IUGS, as of July 2009.

In the geologic timescale, the Kungurian is an age or stage of the Permian. It is the latest or upper of four subdivisions of the Cisuralian epoch or series. The Kungurian lasted between 275.6 ± 0.7 and 270.6 ± 0.7 million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Artinskian and followed by the Roadian.[1]

Contents

[edit] Stratigraphy

The Kungurian is named after the Russian city of Kungur in the vicinity of Perm. The stage was introduced into scientific literature by russian geologist Alexandr Antonovich Stukenberg (Alexander Stuckenberg) in 1890.[2]

The base of the Kungurian stage is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where fossils of conodont species Neostreptognathodus pnevi and Neostreptognathodus exculptus first appear. As of 2009, there was no agreement yet on a global reference profile (a GSSP) for the base of the Kungurian. The top of the Kungurian (the base of the Roadian and the Guadalupian series) is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where fossils of conodont species Jinogondolella nanginkensis first appear.

The Kungurian contains three conodont biozones:

  • zone of Neostreptognathodus sulcoplicatus
  • zone of Neostreptognathodus prayi
  • zone of Neostreptognathodus pnevi

[edit] References

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ See Gradstein et al. (2004) for a detailed geologic timescale
  2. ^ See for a historic overview Chuvashov et al. (2002)

[edit] Literature

  • Chuvashov, B.I.; Chernykh, V.V.; Leven, E.Y.; Davydov, V.I.; Bowring, S.A.; Ramezani, J.; Glenister, B.F.; Henderson, C.M.; Schiappa, T.A.; Northrup, C.J.; Snyder, W.S.; Spinosa, C. & Wardlaw, B.R.; 2002: Progress report on the base of the Artinskian and base of the Kungurian by the Cisuralian Working Group, Permophiles 41: pp 13-16.
  • Gradstein, F.M.; Ogg, J.G. & Smith, A.G.; 2004: A Geologic Time Scale 2004, Cambridge University Press

[edit] External links
 
In horizontal bars are eras; in left column are periods; right column: bold are epochs; not bold not italic are ages; italic are chrons:
 
Cambrian
(542 – 488.3 Mya)
Terreneuvian (542 – 521 Mya) (de): Fortunian (542 – 528 Mya) (de) · Age 2* (528 – 521 Mya)
Epoch 2* (521 – 510 Mya): Age 3* (521 – 515 Mya) · Age 4* (515 – 510 Mya)
Epoch 3* (510 – 499 Mya): Age 5* (510 – 506.5 Mya) · Drumian (506.5 – 503 Mya) (de) · Guzhangian (503 – 499 Mya) (de)
Furongian (499 – 488.3 Mya): Paibian (499 – 496 Mya) · Jiangshanian (496 – 492 Mya) (de) · Age 10* (492 – 488.3 Mya)
Ordovician
(488.3 – 443.7 Mya)
Silurian
(443.7 – 416 Mya)
Devonian
(416 – 359.2 Mya)
Carboniferous
(359.2 – 299 Mya)
Permian
(299 – 251 Mya)
kya = thousands years ago. Mya = millions years ago. * Not officially recognized by the I.C.S.
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